Theoretical and experimental investigations on the bulk photovoltaic effect in lead-free perovskites MASnI and FASnI.

Perovskite solar cells based on the lead free hybrid organic-inorganic CHNHSnI (MASnI) and CHNSnI (FASnI) perovskites were fabricated, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) was assessed. FASnI's PCE was higher than MASnI's efficiency. To study the different photovoltaic properties, we calculated their structural, electronic, and optical properties using density functional theory the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof and spin-orbit coupling (PBE-SOC) methods.