RETRACTED: Chung et al. Long-Lasting Exendin-4-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles Ameliorate Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Damage in Diabetic Rats. 2022, , 390.

The Journal retracts the article "Long-Lasting Exendin-4-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles Ameliorate Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Damage in Diabetic Rats" [...

The Subjective and Objective Improvement of Non-Invasive Treatment of Schumann Resonance in Insomnia-A Randomized and Double-Blinded Study.

Purpose: Accumulated studies revealed that electromagnetic field can affect human brain and sleep, and the extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field, Schumann resonance, may have the potential to reduce insomnia symptoms. The purpose of this study was to investigate the responses of patients with insomnia to a non-invasive treatment, Schumann resonance (SR), and to evaluate its effectiveness by subjective and objective sleep assessments.

Patients And Methods: We adopted a double-blinded and randomized design and 40 participants (70% female; 50.

Long-Lasting Exendin-4-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles Ameliorate Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Damage in Diabetic Rats.

Exendin-4 (Ex-4) is an incretin mimetic agent approved for diabetes treatment and neuronal protection. However, the required frequent injections restrict its clinical application. We prepared Ex-4-loaded poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles (PEx-4) and investigated their effect on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury associated with micturition center damage-induced cystopathy in diabetic rats.

Higher senescence associated secretory phenotype and lower defense mediator in urinary extracellular vesicles of elders with and without Parkinson disease.

Youth fountain and aging culprits are usually sought and identified in blood but not urine. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) possess parental cell properties, circulate in blood, CSF and urine, and provide paracrine and remote cell-cell communication messengers. This study investigated whether senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and immune defense factors in EVs of urine could serve as biomarkers in elderly individuals with and without a comorbidity.

Acute Treatment of Migraine: What has Changed in Pharmacotherapies?

Background: Migraine is the most prevalent neurological disorder and the leading cause of disability in individuals under 50 years of age. Two types of migraine therapies have been defined: acute therapy (abortive or symptomatic treatment), the purpose of which is to interrupt migraine attacks, and preventive treatment (prophylactic treatment), the purpose of which is to reduce the frequency and severity of migraine attacks.

Objective: This paper reviews research advances in new agents for acute therapy of migraine.

Prevalence and association of lifestyle and medical-, psychiatric-, and pain-related comorbidities in patients with migraine: A cross-sectional study.

Background And Objectives: Migraine has been associated with many comorbidities. However, lifestyle factors and the presence of comorbid diseases have not previously been extensively studied in the same sample. This study aimed to compare the prevalence of unhealthy lifestyle factors and comorbid diseases between patients with migraine and migraine-free controls with subgroup analyses to determine the pathophysiology and possible consequences.

Targeting the 5-HT and 5-HT receptors for acute migraine treatment.

Migraine is a common and highly disabling headache disorder associated with a substantial socioeconomic burden. Migraine treatments can be categorized as preventive treatment, aimed at reducing the frequency and severity of migraine attacks, and acute therapy, intended to abort attacks. Traditionally, acute treatment can be classified as specific (ergot derivatives and triptans) or nonspecific (analgesics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs).

Safety and efficacy of galcanezumab in Taiwanese patients: a post-hoc analysis of phase 3 studies in episodic and chronic migraine.

Objective: Migraine is a chronic, disabling neurological disease affecting >1 billion people worldwide. Migraine remains undertreated in Asia, including Taiwan. Galcanezumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that selectively binds calcitonin gene-related peptide, a peptide firmly established in the pathophysiology of migraine, with demonstrated efficacy and safety in patients with episodic or chronic migraine.

Indicators of rapid cognitive decline in amnestic mild cognitive impairment: The role of plasma biomarkers using magnetically labeled immunoassays.

Plasma levels of biomarkers change with the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD), which involves the accumulation of pathological amyloid β (Aβ) and Tau protein tangles. However, few studies have investigated the association between plasma biomarkers and rapid cognitive decline in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and AD. A total of 10 healthy controls, 24 patients with aMCI, and 19 patients with AD were enrolled.

The association between melatonin and episodic migraine: A pilot network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to compare the prophylactic effects with exogenous melatonin supplementation and pharmacotherapy.

Although exogenous melatonin supplementation has been suggested to be effective for episodic migraine prophylaxis, there is no conclusive evidence comparing the efficacy of exogenous melatonin supplementation to the other FDA-approved pharmacotherapy for episodic migraine prophylaxis. The aim of the current network meta-analysis (NMA) was to compare the efficacy of exogenous melatonin supplementation in patients with episodic migraine. The randomized placebo-controlled trials or randomized controlled trials (RCTs) incorporating a placebo in the study designs were included in our analyses.

Fasting plasma glucose variability and HbA1c are associated with peripheral artery disease risk in type 2 diabetes.

Background: This study investigated whether visit-to-visit fasting plasma glucose (FPG) variability, as measured by the coefficient of variation (CV), increased peripheral artery disease (PAD) risk.

Methods: Individuals with type 2 diabetes from the National Diabetes Care Management Program during the period 2002-2004, ≥ 30 years of age, and free of PAD (n = 30,932) were included and monitored until 2011. Cox proportional hazards regression models were implemented to analyze related determinants of PAD.

Melatonergic agents in the prevention of delirium: A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Disruption of the sleep-wake cycle is a risk factor and a prodromal indicator of delirium. Melatonergic agents may thus play a role in the prevention of delirium. Based upon literature search on eight databases, this systemic review and frequentist model network meta-analysis (NMA) aimed to determine the efficacy and tolerability of melatonergic agents in delirium prevention.

Integrated therapy decreases the mortality of patients with polymyositis and dermatomyositis: A Taiwan-wide population-based retrospective study.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The issue of whether integrated treatment with conventional medicine (CM) and herbal medicine (HM) can reduce mortality in patients with polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM) had not been addressed.

Aim Of The Study: In this study, we investigated the effect of integrated therapy on mortality in a retrospective PM/DM cohort in the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD).

Materials And Methods: Patients with PM/DM were retrospectively enrolled from the PM/DM Registry of Catastrophic Illnesses cohort in the Taiwan NHIRD between 1997 and 2011.

Migraine and risk of narcolepsy in children: A nationwide longitudinal study.

Background: The association between migraine and narcolepsy remains controversial. We aim to investigate whether migraine is associated with an increased risk of developing narcolepsy in children.

Methods: In this longitudinal study, nationwide medical-claims data of pediatric patients (0-17y) with migraine are identified using the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) between 1997 and 2010 in Taiwan.

Sleep in Patients with Chronic Migraine.

Purpose Of Review: The biological and pathophysiological interaction between sleep and chronic migraine (CM) remains to be fully elucidated. In this article, we provide a narrative review of the literature on sleep disturbance and CM, highlighting recent advances in sleep research and insights into mechanisms that could mediate a role of sleep disturbances in migraine chronification. We discuss the potential for cognitive-behavioral insomnia therapy (CBTi) as an intervention for CM with comorbid insomnia.

Variability of fasting plasma glucose increased risks of diabetic polyneuropathy in T2DM.

Objective: To examine whether variations in fasting plasma glucose (FPG), as measured by the coefficient of variation (CV), is a predictor of diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) risk, considering glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and other traditional risk factors.

Methods: Type 2 diabetic patients enrolled in the National Diabetes Care Management Program were ≥30 years of age and free of DPN (n = 36,152). They were enrolled in 2002-2004 and were monitored until 2011.

Therapeutic effects of Dioscorea on post-menopause-induced cardiac apoptosis in rats.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of Dioscorea on bilateral ovariectomies-induced cardiac Fasdependent and mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathways.

Methods: Forty-eight female Wistar rats at 6-7 months of age were equally divided into a sham-operated group, and a bilateral ovariectomized (OVX) group for 2 months, and the rats in the OVX group were further fed with 0, 250 or 750 mL/kg Dioscorea spp. daily in the 2nd month.

Cardiovascular Risk Factors Increase the Risks of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: The Taiwan Diabetes Study.

This study aimed to examine whether poor glycemic control, measured by glycated hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) and other cardiovascular risk factors, can predict diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).Patients aged ≥30 years with type 2 DM, enrolled in the National Diabetes Care Management Program, and free of DPN (n = 37,375) in the period 2002 to 2004 were included and followed up until 2011. The related factors were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression models.

Migraine and Risk of Ocular Motor Cranial Nerve Palsies: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Purpose: To determine whether migraine is associated with an increased risk of developing ocular motor cranial nerve palsies (OMCNP).

Design: Nationwide retrospective cohort study.

Participants: Medical records of patients with migraine who were entered in the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) between 2005 and 2009 were retrieved from the NHIRD in Taiwan.

Predicting prognostic factors in a randomized controlled trial of acupuncture versus topiramate treatment in patients with chronic migraine.

Background: This study aimed to identify predictive factors of outcome in patients with chronic migraine (CM) treated with acupuncture or topiramate in a randomized controlled trial.

Methods: Sixty-six consecutive CM patients were treated with either acupuncture (n=33) or topiramate (n=33) in a 12-week period. Data on potential predictive factors were collected at baseline, and secondary data analysis was performed to identify factors associated with treatment response.