Analysis of the risk of death and its associated risk factors in Chinese patients with young-onset type 2 diabetes.

Objectives: To examine the association between the age at onset of diabetes and the risk of all-cause mortality in a population of individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to identify risk factors associated with all-cause mortality in young-onset T2DM (YOD) patients in China.

Methods: This study utilized a cohort of 9759 patients who were diagnosed with T2DM and who were registered and enrolled in the National Basic Public Health Service Management Program in Qinghe District (now Qingjiangpu District) and Huai'an District, Huai'an City, Jiangsu Province, China. The patients were observed from November 2013 to July 2014, and all-cause mortality data were obtained by comprehensive matching with the Huai'an City Resident Mortality Database as of December 31, 2019.

Development and evaluation of pH-sensitive Euryale ferox starch-based films containing nano-SiO and Chinese rose (Rosa chinensis) extract for freshness monitoring of chicken breast meat.

In this study, smart films of EFS, EFS-SiO and EFS-SiO-CRE were successfully developed by using Euryale ferox starch (EFS), nano-SiO and Chinese rose extract (CRE). The Chinese rose flower had a high content of anthocyanins (1.73 mg/g) and CRE exhibited different colors in varying pH buffers (2-13).

Corrigendum: Radiosensitizing effects of pyrogallol-loaded mesoporous or-ganosilica nanoparticles on gastric cancer by amplified ferroptosis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.

Single-cell transcriptomics reveals tumor microenvironment changes and prognostic gene signatures in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer, accounting for the majority of liver cancer cases. Hepatocellular Carcinoma not only exhibits high heterogeneity but also possesses an immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment that promotes tumor evasion, posing substantial difficulties for efficient therapy. Our aim is to utilize single-cell RNA transcriptome data to investigate the dynamic changes in the tumor microenvironment during the malignant progression of HCC, the communication among immune cells, and the marker genes associated with patient prognosis.

Prolonged Retention of Albumin Nanoparticles Alleviates Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury through Targeted Pyroptosis.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) represents a prevalent and complex clinical event, characterized by irreversible damage to renal tubular epithelial cells and high intensive care unit (ICU) admission rates and mortality. The kidneys are highly susceptible to oxidative stress, inflammation, pyroptosis, and programmed cell death. Pyroptosis poses a significant risk, exacerbating the damage and inflammation of renal tubular cells.

Fabrication, characterization and evaluation of starch based intelligent packaging films containing gum ghatti and black currant () extract for freshness monitoring of beef meat.

In this study, active and intelligent films were fabricated using . starch (MES), gum ghatti (GG) and . extract (RNE) and their functionality, physicochemical properties and practical application were assessed.

Biomimetic liposome amplifying mitochondrial damage to potential cancer radio-immunotherapy.

Radiotherapy, despite its precision and non-invasiveness, often fails due to the resistance of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are characterized by high self-renewal capabilities and superior DNA repair mechanisms. These cells can evade RT and lead to tumor recurrence and metastasis. To address this challenge, a novel delivery system named PB has been introduced.

Soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 associated with major adverse cardiac events in children with myocarditis.

Objective: Soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2) is associated with the prognosis of some cardiac diseases, but studies on sST2 and the prognosis of patients with myocarditis are rare. This study investigated the relationship between major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) and sST2 during hospitalization in pediatric patients with myocarditis.

Methods: This was a single-center retrospective cohort study.

Relationship between blood cadmium levels and bone mineral density in adults: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Osteoporosis, a disease of reduced bone mass and microstructural deterioration leading to fragility fractures, is becoming more prevalent as aging progresses, significantly increasing the socioeconomic burden. In past studies, there has been a growing awareness of the harmful effects of heavy metals on bone, with cadmium being a significant exposure factor. The purpose of this study was to look into the association between adult bone mineral density(BMD) and blood cadmium levels.

Protocol for induction of human kidney cell fibrosis.

Here, we present a protocol for inducing fibrosis in human kidney-2 (HK2) cells followed by quantitative real-time PCR analysis of fibrosis-related genes. We describe steps for growing and expanding cells, inducing HK2 fibrosis, and collecting cells for downstream applications. Given the limited cell quantity in culture flasks and the challenges of cell collection, we utilized 10-cm Petri dishes for cell harvesting, with each experimental group comprising five replicate samples.

Association between dietary inflammatory index and chronic kidney disease in middle-aged and elderly populations.

Background: A link between food-induced inflammation and common chronic diseases has been identified in studies. However, there was uncertainty about the influence of dietary inflammatory potential on the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among middle-aged and older groups. Our research aimed to examine the connection between dietary inflammatory index (DII) to CKD in people aged 40 years and older.

The relationship between weight-adjusted-waist index and total bone mineral density in adults aged 20-59.

Introduction: According to reports, obesity has a significant impact on bone health. And the weight-adjusted-waist index (WWI), superior to BMI and waist circumference (WC), is a new obesity indicator arising in recent years. This research investigated the relationship between WWI and total bone mineral density (BMD) for adults aged 20 to 59.

Comprehensive pan-cancer investigation: unraveling the oncogenic, prognostic, and immunological significance of Abelson interactor family member 3 gene in human malignancies.

Abelson interactor Family Member 3 (ABI3) encodes protein that not only suppresses the ectopic metastasis of tumor cells but also hinders their migration. Although ABI3 had been found to modulate the advancement of diverse neoplasms, there is no comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of its effects. The transcriptomics data of neoplasm and normal tissues were retrieved from the Genomic Data Commons (GDC) data portal, and UCSC XENA database.

Comprehensive analysis of the relationship between xanthine oxidoreductase activity and chronic kidney disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common disease that seriously endangers human health. However, the potential relationship between xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) activity and CKD remains unclear. In this study, we used clinical data, CKD datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, and untargeted metabolomics to explain the relationship between XOR activity and CKD.

Effects of a calorie-restricted dietary intervention on weight loss and gut microbiota diversity in obese patients with sleep deprivation.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of a calorie-restricted dietary (CRD) intervention on weight and gut microbiota diversity in obese patients with sleep deprivation (SD).

Methods: Twenty obese patients were divided into a sleep deprivation group (SD group, n = 10) and a nonsleep deprivation group (NSD group, n = 10), both of which underwent a CRD intervention for 12 weeks. Measurement of anthropometric parameters, biochemical examinations and gut microbiota detection were performed at baseline and at the end of week 12.

Wilms' tumor gene 1 in hematological malignancies: friend or foe?

Wilms' tumor gene 1 () is a transcription and post-translational factor that has a crucial role in the biological and pathological processes of several human malignancies. For hematological malignancies, overexpression or mutation has been found in leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome. About 70-90% of acute myeloid leukemia patients showed overexpression, and 6-15% of patients carried mutations.

A metabolomics-based analysis of the metabolic pathways associated with the regulation of branched-chain amino acids in rats fed a high-fructose diet.

Previous studies have shown that the elevated levels of circulating branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are associated with the development of insulin resistance and its complications, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and some cancers. However, animal models that can mimic the metabolic state of chronically elevated BCAAs in humans are rare. Therefore, the aim of this study was to establish the above animal model and analyse the metabolic changes associated with high BCAA levels.

Cu-doped polypyrrole hydrogel with tumor catalyst activity for NIR-II thermo-radiotherapy.

Radiotherapy (RT) is one of the key methods for treating breast cancer. However, the effect of single RT is often poor because of insufficient deposition of X-rays in tumor sites and radiation resistance induced by the abnormal tumor microenvironment (overexpression of glutathione (GSH)). The development of multifunctional RT sensitizers and synergetic therapeutic strategies is, therefore, a promising area for enhancing the anticancer effect of RT.

Inhibition of MiR-106b-5p mediated by exosomes mitigates acute kidney injury by modulating transmissible endoplasmic reticulum stress and M1 macrophage polarization.

Acute kidney injury (AKI), mainly caused by Ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI), is a common and severe life-threatening disease with high mortality. Accumulating evidence suggested a direct relationship between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response and AKI progression. However, the role of the transmissible ER stress response, a new modulator of cell-to-cell communication, in influencing intercellular communication between renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) and macrophages in the AKI microenvironment remains to be determined.

Network pharmacology combined with molecular docking and experimental validation to reveal the pharmacological mechanism of naringin against renal fibrosis.

To explore the pharmacological mechanism of naringin (NRG) in renal fibrosis (RF) based on network pharmacology combined with molecular docking and experimental validation. We used databases to screen for the targets of NRG and RF. The "drug-disease network" was established using Cytoscape.

Self-cascade catalytic single-atom nanozyme for enhanced breast cancer low-dose radiotherapy.

Radiotherapy (RT) efficacy can be promoted with the help of nanoenzyme that can "re-programing" the tumour's micro-environment by changing the expression level of special bio-molecules. However, problems such as low reaction efficiency, limited endogenous HO, and/or unsatisfactory results of a single catalysis mode in treatment limit the application in the RT field. Herein, a novel Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) decorated iron SAE (FeSAE@Au) was formulated for self-cascade catalytic RT.

Antioxidant and ammonia-sensitive films based on starch, κ-carrageenan and Oxalis triangularis extract as visual indicator of beef meat spoilage.

In this study, we first investigated the rheological property of sweet potato starch (SPS), κ-carrageenan (KC) and Oxalis triangularis extract (OTE) blends and found that the blends exhibited high apparent viscosity with an apparent shear thinning behavior. And then films based on SPS, KC and OTE were developed and their structural and functional properties were studied. The physico-chemical test results showed that OTE exhibited different colors in solutions with different pH values and the incorporation with OTE and KC could significantly increase the thickness, water vapor permeability, light barrier ability, tensile strength and elongation at break as well as the pH- and ammonia-sensitive properties of the SPS film.