Dapagliflozin attenuates skeletal muscle atrophy in diabetic nephropathy mice through suppressing Gasdermin D-mediated pyroptosis.

Background: Skeletal muscle atrophy is a clinical concern in diabetic nephropathy, and without effective therapeutic approaches. Massive evidence has demonstrated that dapagliflozin, a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor can relieve diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting glucose re-absorption or podocyte pyroptosis. Nevertheless, whether dapagliflozin could treat skeletal muscle atrophy or the potential protection mechanism in diabetic nephropathy mice is unclear.

Dedicator of Cytokinesis 2 regulates cytoskeletal actin dynamics and is essential for platelet biogenesis and functions.

Aims: Dedicator of Cytokinesis 2 (DOCK2), a member of the DOCK family of Guanine nucleotide exchange factors that specifically act on the Rho GTPases including Rac and Cdc42, plays pivotal roles in the regulation of leukocyte homeostasis. However, its functions in platelets remain unknown.

Methods And Results: Using mice with genetic deficiency of DOCK2 (Dock2-/-), we showed that Dock2-/-mice exhibited a macrothrombocytopenic phenotype characterized as decreased platelet count and enlarged platelet size by transmission electron microscopy.

Methyltransferase-like 14 promotes ferroptosis in sepsis-induced acute kidney injury via increasing the m6A methylation modification of LPCAT3.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most serious and common complications in the course of sepsis, known for its poor prognosis and high mortality rate. Recently, ferroptosis, as a newly discovered regulatory cell death, might be closely associated with the progression of AKI. METTL14 is a writer of RNA m6A, an abundant epigenetic modification in transcriptome with broad function.

Research on the impact of urban innovation on public health.

Introduction: This article explores the impact of innovation on urban public health, with a particular focus on panel data from 15 sub-provincial cities in China. The study aims to provide scientific evidence for policymakers by analyzing how technological innovation affects urban public health levels.

Methods: The study used a panel model for empirical analysis which based on panel data from 15 sub provincial cities across the country, using the number of doctors per 10,000 people and per capita financial medical and health expenditure as proxy variables for urban public health, and using the level of technological development as the core explanatory variable for regression analysis.

Administration of anticoagulation strategies for portal vein thrombosis in cirrhosis: network meta-analysis.

Objectives: Evidences for anticoagulation strategies in cirrhotic with portal vein thrombosis (PVT) are still insufficient. This study aims to comprehensively compare the therapeutic effects of different therapeutic therapeutic measures in individuals suffering from cirrhosis with PVT, with the ultimate goal of providing evidence-based recommendations for thrombolytic therapy in this population.

Methods: Starting from 20 October 2023, a comprehensive search about therapeutic strategies for portal vein thrombosis in cirrhosis was conducted on PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library.

Association between serum carotenoids levels and severe headache or migraine in adults: a cross-sectional study from NHANES.

Background: Carotenoids are well-established for their potent antioxidant properties; however, their potential association with severe headaches or migraines remains largely unexamined. This study was conducted to explore the relationship between serum carotenoid levels and the prevalence of severe headaches or migraines within the US population.

Methods: We utilized data from the 2001-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), which comprised a total of 8,910 participants.

Robust fault detection and classification in power transmission lines via ensemble machine learning models.

Transmission lines are vital for delivering electricity over long distances, yet they face reliability challenges due to faults that can disrupt power supply and pose safety risks. This research introduces a novel approach for fault detection and classification by analyzing voltage and current patterns across transmission line phases. Leveraging a comprehensive dataset of diverse fault scenarios, various machine learning algorithms-including Random Forest (RF), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks-are evaluated.

Symptom clusters and networks analysis in acute-phase stroke patients: a cross-sectional study.

The symptoms of stroke jeopardize patients' health and increase the burden on society and caregivers. Although the traditional symptom cluster research paradigm can enhance management efficiency, it fails to provide targets for intervention, thereby hindering the development of patient-centered precision medicine. However, the symptom network paradigm, as a novel research approach, addresses the limitations of traditional symptom management by identifying core symptoms and determining intervention targets, thereby enhancing the efficiency and precision of symptom management.

Diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 complicated with liver abscess: A case report and literature review.

Rationale: Novel coronavirus pneumonia is spreading in many countries and regions. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is characterized by rapid onset, high infectivity, rapid progression, and variably effective treatment.

Patient Concerns: One 63-year-old woman presented to the fever clinic of our hospital on February 10, 2020, due to a fever for 12 days.

RIT1 Promotes the Proliferation of Gliomas Through the Regulation of the PI3K/AKT/c-Myc Signalling Pathway.

Recently, RIT1 has been implicated in a range of neurological disorders; however, its precise function in glioma pathogenesis is not yet well-defined. This study employed quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blotting (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC) and additional methodologies to assess RIT1 expression levels in glioma tissues. Furthermore, the study investigated its influence on glioma progression through a series of functional experiments.

A dual-mode colorimetric/photothermal lateral flow biosensor based on Au/TiCT for HIV-DNA detection.

Background: Traditional lateral flow biosensors (LFBs), which utilize colorimetric signals as output, possess the virtues of simplicity and rapidity. However, it also suffers from insufficient sensitivity and limited reliability. It is well known that the results of LFBs can be false positive, and it is difficult to perform accurate quantification under low-abundance targets.

Triterpenoid saponins from Rubus setchuenensis roots and their anti-inflammatory activities in vitro.

Previously undescribed triterpenoid saponins (1-8), along with eight previously reported analogues (9-16), were isolated from an EtOAc extract obtained from the roots of Rubus setchuenensis. Structures were established based on HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR, as well as by literature comparisons. All compounds were isolated for the first time from the genus Rubus.

Near-infrared brain functional characteristics of mild cognitive impairment with sleep disorders.

Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has a high risk of progression to Alzheimer's disease. The disease is often accompanied by sleep disorders, and whether sleep disorders have an effect on brain function in patients with MCI is unclear.

Aim: To explore the near-infrared brain function characteristics of MCI with sleep disorders.

Anatomic and clinical implications of venous drainage variations in superior segment resections for clinical T1N0 non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Superior segmentectomies for clinical T1N0 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) often suffer from inadequate surgical margins. Our study aimed to enhance the precision of superior segmentectomies by focusing on the anatomical features of the superior segmental vein (V) branches, and assess the relevant outcomes.

Methods: The clinical data of 646 patients with cT1N0 NSCLC who underwent video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) from August 2020 to August 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.

knockdown ameliorates retinal ganglion cell injury by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation after retinal ischemia.

Aim: To explore the neuroprotective effects of high mobility group box 2 () knockdown on retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in the retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (RIRI).

Methods: Oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-injured RGCs from postnatal three-day C57BL/6 mice pups and high intraocular pressure (IOP)-induced RIRI mice were used as cellular and animal models of RIRI. The expression of HMGB2 in the retina of RIRI mice and OGD-injured RGCs was detected through reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blotting.

Phonon thermal transport in BiTe/SbTe monolayer superlattices: a neural network potential study.

Superlattices are significant means to reduce the lattice thermal conductivity of thermoelectric materials and optimize their performance. In this work, using high-precision first-principles based neural network potentials combined with non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations and the phonon Boltzmann transport equation, the lattice thermal conductivities of BiTe monolayer and lateral BiTe/SbTe monolayer superlattices are thoroughly investigated. As the period length increases, the thermal conductivity shows a trend of an initial decrease followed by an increase, which aligns with conventional observations.

Performance of multiplex PCR-based targeted next-generation sequencing in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in non-neutropenic patients.

Background And Objective: Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) is a promising tool for distinguishing lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in clinical practice, and its detectable pathogen spectrum can cover more than 95% of clinical cases. but there is limited information on systematic evaluation of the clinical use of multiplex PCR-based tNGS (mp-tNGS) in IPA cases. We aim to assess mp-tNGS in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) for Aspergillus detection in suspected IPA patients, and to provide a reliable basis for initiating antifungal therapy without microbiological or histopathological evidence.

Comparative Pharmacokinetics and Bioequivalence of 2 Formulations of Bosentan Dispersible Tablets in Healthy Chinese Volunteers Under Fasting and Fed Conditions.

Bosentan is a dual endothelin receptor antagonist widely used in the treatment of pulmonary artery hypertension. However, there are few reports on the pharmacokinetics (PK) and bioequivalence of bosentan dispersible tablets (32 mg) in the Chinese population. This study aimed to evaluate the PK characteristics and bioequivalence of the test and reference formulations of bosentan dispersible tablets in healthy Chinese volunteers under fasting and fed conditions.

miR-21 promotes cervical cancer by regulating NTF3.

This study explores the influence of miR-21 and its interaction with the target gene Neurotrophin-3 (NTF3) in cervical cancer (CC). We employed bioinformatics tools, including DIANA, Targetscan, miRDB, and miRDIP, to predict the target genes of miR-21. Immunohistochemistry, RT-qPCR, and Western blotting were performed to quantify the expression levels of miR-21-5p and NTF3 in cervical cancer cells.

Interleukin-6 (IL-6)-associated tumor microenvironment remodelling and cancer immunotherapy.

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine playing a pivotal role during inflammation and immune responses. In the recent years, the function of IL-6 in the tumor microenvironment (TME) for affecting tumorigenesis and immunotherapy response has been investigated. The genetic mutations are mainly responsible for the development of cancer, while interactions in TME are also important, involving both cancers and non-cancerous cells.

Expression and purification of PNGase F protein in yeast and its anti-PRV activity.

Pseudorabies virus (Pseudorabiesvirus, PRV) has caused huge economic losses to the global pig industry. In recent years, it has been reported that there are PRV mutants, but the traditional vaccine can not completely prevent or control the infection of PRV, so there is an urgent need to develop new broad-spectrum anti-disease drugs for prevention and treatment. PNGase F from bacteria can catalyze the hydrolysis of oligosaccharides linked to asparagine residues on peptides, so we speculate that PNGase F can inhibit virus infection by removing the glycosylation of virus membrane glycoproteins.

Multifunctional metal-organic frameworks-mediated colorimetric/photothermal immunosensor for highly sensitivity detection of dibutyl phthalate.

Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), a priority pollutant among phthalic acid esters (PAEs) exhibits significant reproductive and respiratory toxicity. In this study, a multifunctional metal-organic frameworks-mediated colorimetric/photothermal immunosensor was established for the quantitative detection of DBP. Firstly, a highly sensitive and specific monoclonal antibody (mAb), designated 3A5, was prepared with a sensitivity IC value of 16.

A study on the qualitative analysis of lotus seedpod oligomeric procyanidins during digestion, absorption and colonic fermentation based on UPLC-Q-Exactive/MS.

Polyphenols have potent antioxidant properties, but are easily degraded in the gastrointestinal tract, greatly limiting their application as dietary supplements. Therefore, the composition changes of lotus seedpod oligomeric procyanidins (LSOPC) in the gastrointestinal digestion, colonic fermentation and their absorption in Caco-2 cell monolayer were studied. The extracted LSOPC were identified using UPLC-Q-Exactive/MS, and a total of 47 compounds were identified.