Suppression of the H3K27me3 demethylase disrupts diapause formation in mosquito Culex pipiens.

Diapause (D) is a hormonally controlled alternative developmental pathway that allows mosquitoes to survive harsh winter conditions. Key characteristics of mosquito diapause include elevated lipid storage, enhanced stress and cold endurance, and extended longevity. These phenotypic changes are often associated with dynamic alterations in the transcriptome and epigenome.

Comparative impact of the affordable care act on breast cancer outcomes among women in two US states.

Introduction: Since the implementation of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) and Medicaid expansion, states that adopted the policy have seen reduced uninsured rates. However, it is unclear whether increased healthcare access, particularly for minority and socioeconomically disadvantaged groups, has translated into measurable improvements in health outcomes.

Objective: Our study aims to evaluate the impact of the ACA and Medicaid expansion on breast cancer outcomes in Louisiana, which has implemented the policy, compared to Georgia, which has not, as of 2024.

Reply to 'Experimental measurement of assembly indices are required to determine the threshold for life'.

We clarify misunderstandings of Walker et al. (Walker 2024 21, 20240367 (doi:10.1098/rsif.

Developing Allies: Preparing Pharmacy Students to Practice With Cultural and Structural Humility.

Objectives: The Curricular Outcomes and Entrustable Professional Activities learning outcome of Cultural and Structural Humility was updated, prompting programs to evaluate how this content is included. The authors reviewed relevant literature published within the past 10 years (2014-2024) and provided a summary and relevant recommendations, as well as resources.

Findings: Calls to action were made within the Academy for programs to develop a holistic programmatic approach to developing students' cultural and structural humility.

Update and narrative review of avian influenza (H5N1) infection in adult patients.

The avian influenza is a serious infection caused by influenza virus that is native to birds. Avian influenza remains a global challenge due to high transmission and mortality rates. The highly pathogenic strain of H5N1 resulted in significant outbreaks and deaths globally since the late 1800s.

Synthesis and characterization of carbonyl functionalized organotellurium(iv) derivatives.

The current study focuses on synthesis and characterization of carbonyl functionalized unsymmetrical diorganotellurium(iv) dichlorides (1-5), dibromide (6), and their characterization by elemental analysis, H, C{H}, and Te NMR spectroscopy. In addition to this, compounds 1, 4 and 5 were further confirmed single-crystal X-ray studies. Reduction of all the dichlorides with NaSO affords labile tellurides, which decompose quickly even at room temperature into the more stable symmetric ditellurides, ArTe.

Medical Misinformation and Quality of Public Video Content on Cannabis for Chronic Pain Management: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the YouTube Platform.

Background: As cannabis legalization expands nationally and globally, its use for chronic pain increases, prompting people to seek information on social media platforms like YouTube. This study evaluates the accuracy and quality of information of popular YouTube videos on cannabis for chronic pain.

Methods: Using search terms related to cannabis for pain, the top 66 videos by view count were selected.

Optimizing fosfomycin dosing regimens in critically ill patients with and without continuous renal replacement therapy.

Purpose: To define the optimal fosfomycin dosing regimens for drug-resistant gram-negative bacteria in critically ill patients and those receiving continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) via Monte Carlo simulations.

Materials And Methods: A pharmacokinetic model for patients with and without CRRT was created to predict fosfomycin deposition in these patients. The pharmacodynamics (PD) targets were AUC/MIC ratio > 21.

Artificial Intelligence Compared to Manual Selection of Prospective Surgical Residents.

Background: Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the selection of residency program applicants is a new tool that is gaining traction, with the aim of screening high numbers of applicants while introducing objectivity and mitigating bias in a traditionally subjective process. This study aims to compare applicants screened by an AI software to a single Program Director (PD) for interview selection.

Methods: A single PD at an ACGME-accredited, academic general surgery program screened applicants.

Activation of estrogen-related receptor γ by calcium and cadmium.

Objective: Estrogen-related receptor γ (ERRγ) is a metabolic regulator with no identified physiological ligands. This study investigates whether calcium is an ERRγ ligand that mediates the effects of glucagon and whether cadmium, which mimics the effects of calcium, disrupts metabolism through ERRγ.

Method: HepG2, MCF-7, and HEK293T transfected with ERRγ were treated with glucagon, calcium, cadmium, ERRγ agonist, or ERRγ inhibitor.

MUC5B Promoter Variant and Survival in Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease.

Objective: Investigate the association between the MUC5B rs35705950 promoter variant and survival in RA-associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD).

Methods: We studied participants in the Veteran Affairs Rheumatoid Arthritis (VARA) registry with validated ILD diagnoses. Participants were followed until death or end of study period.

Systematic characterization of new EBT4 radiochromic films in clinical x-ray beams.

. We aim to characterize kinetics of radiation-induced optical density in newly released EBT4 radiochromic films exposed to clinical x-rays. Several film models and batches were evaluated for the film sensitivity, optical signal increasing with time, relative film noise, and minimum detectable limits (MDL).

Cannabinoid regulation of sex-dependent murine odorant-stimulated salivation.

Salivation is easily taken for granted, but without normal salivation, simple essential tasks such as chewing and swallowing become difficult, with consequences for quality of life, nutrition and oral health. Many important drug classes cause dry mouth as a side effect, contributing substantially to patient non-compliance. Available treatments are mostly palliative.

Aligning our actions with our words: A systematic review of gender and racial diversity in surgical subspecialties.

Introduction: Persistent racial and gender disparities are prevalent within the higher education and medical training system, notably seen in the underrepresentation of Hispanic or Latinos, Black Americans, and female surgeons compared to their respective population proportions. This study aims to quantify publications addressing ethnic or gender diversity across various surgical specialties, analyze publication trends, and explore specific topics within medical literature.

Database: The Database includes PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus.

A comprehensive molecular phylogeny of the genus Sylvirana (Anura: Ranidae) highlights unrecognized diversity, revised classification and historical biogeography.

The genus Sylvirana includes 12 species widely distributed in South China and Southeast Asia. The phylogenetic relationships and species diversity for Sylvirana and allied genera remain unresolved and controversial due to insufficient data and incomplete taxon sampling. Using a combined dataset of mitochondrial genes (16S and COI) and 101 nuclear genes obtained through the amplicon sequence capture approach, we generated the most comprehensive phylogenetic analysis for the genus Sylvirana to date, inferring diversity, phylogenetic relationships, and historical biogeography with unprecedented levels of taxon and geographic sampling.

Escalation to Biologics After Methotrexate Among US Veterans With Rheumatoid Arthritis Grouped by Rural Versus Urban Areas.

Objective: Racial and ethnic disparities in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) outcomes are well recognized. However, whether disparities in RA treatment selection and outcomes differ by urban versus rural residence, independent of race, have not been studied. Our objective was to evaluate whether biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (bDMARD) initiation after methotrexate administration differs by rural versus urban residence among veterans with RA.