DNA-binding affinity and specificity determine the phenotypic diversity in BCL11B-related disorders.

BCL11B is a Cys2-His2 zinc-finger (C2H2-ZnF) domain-containing, DNA-binding, transcription factor with established roles in the development of various organs and tissues, primarily the immune and nervous systems. BCL11B germline variants have been associated with a variety of developmental syndromes. However, genotype-phenotype correlations along with pathophysiologic mechanisms of selected variants mostly remain elusive.

Integrating CTLA-4/PD-1 blockade into cervical cancer management: Results of COMPASSION-16.

Although there is anti-tumor efficacy of dual CTLA-4/PD-1 blockade in advanced/recurrent cervical cancer, it is unclear whether combination with chemotherapy is synergistic. In COMPASSION-16, Wu et al. demonstrated improved survival outcomes of cadolinimab plus chemotherapy compared to chemotherapy alone for first-line systemic therapy for advanced/recurrent cervical cancer, suggesting a potential role of bispecific CTLA-4/PD-1 inhibitors in the frontline setting.

Belzutifan for renal cell carcinoma: Balancing regulatory approval with societal and patient impact.

LITESPARK-005 evaluated belzutifan against everolimus in advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC), demonstrating significant progression-free survival improvement but failing to meet the overall survival (OS) co-primary endpoint. Despite FDA approval, the trial highlights key obstacles in drug development in RCC, given the absence of OS improvement, lack of biomarker studies, high financial toxicity, and limited accessibility outside the United States.

Safety and immunogenicity of ascending doses of influenza A(H7N9) inactivated vaccine with or without MF59®.

Introduction: While it remains impossible to predict the timing of the next influenza pandemic, novel avian influenza A viruses continue to be considered a significant threat.

Methods: A Phase II study was conducted in healthy adults aged 18-64 years to assess the safety and immunogenicity of two intramuscular doses of pre-pandemic 2017 influenza A(H7N9) inactivated vaccine administered 21 days apart. Participants were randomized (n = 105 in each of Arms 1-3) to receive 3.

Clinical Outcomes With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Patients With FGFR2/3, MTAP or ERBB2 Genomic Alterations in Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma.

Background: FGFR2/3, MTAP and ERBB2 genomic alterations have treatment targets in advanced urothelial carcinoma (aUC). These alterations may affect tumor microenvironment and outcomes with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in aUC.

Patients And Methods: We identified patients with available genomic data in our multi-institution cohort of patients with aUC treated with ICI.

An examination of ambulatory care code specificity utilization in ICD-10-CM compared to ICD-9-CM: implications for ICD-11 implementation.

Objective: The ICD-10-CM classification system contains more specificity than its predecessor ICD-9-CM. A stated reason for transitioning to ICD-10-CM was to increase the availability of detailed data. This study aims to determine whether the increased specificity contained in ICD-10-CM is utilized in the ambulatory care setting and inform an evidence-based approach to evaluate ICD-11 content for implementation planning in the United States.

Allocation of Semaglutide According to Coronary Artery Calcium and BMI: Applying the SELECT Trial to MESA.

Background: Implementation of semaglutide weight loss therapy has been challenging due to drug supply and cost, underscoring a need to identify those who derive the greatest absolute benefit.

Objectives: Allocation of semaglutide was modeled according to coronary artery calcium (CAC) among individuals without diabetes or established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Methods: In this analysis, 3,129 participants in the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) without diabetes or clinical CVD met body mass index criteria for semaglutide and underwent CAC scoring on noncontrast cardiac computed tomography.

The Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) Clinical Practice Guideline on Surgical Management of Oligometastatic Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

Background: The use of local consolidative therapy (LCT) in patients with oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is rapidly evolving, with a preponderance of data supporting the benefits of such therapeutic approaches incorporating pulmonary resection for appropriately selected candidates. However, practices vary widely institutionally and regionally, and evidence-based guidelines are lacking.

Methods: The Society of Thoracic Surgeons assembled a panel of thoracic surgical oncologists to evaluate and synthesize the available evidence regarding the role of pulmonary resection as LCT.

Association of Ultrasound and Electrodiagnostic Studies in Patients Evaluated for Ulnar Neuropathy.

Purpose: Our goal was to determine the association between the severity of electrodiagnostic (EDX) studies with the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the ulnar nerve at the cubital tunnel using diagnostic ultrasound. Based on our clinical experience, we hypothesized there would not be a positive correlation between the severity of EDX and ulnar nerve CSA.

Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of patients 18 years or older evaluated from May 1, 2020, to June 31, 2021, referred for an upper limb EDX and neuromuscular ultrasound to evaluate for an upper limb neuropathy.

The Expanding Role of the U.S. Army Paramedic.

The combat medic (68W) will play a critical role in medical operations in the event of future large-scale combat operations (LSCOs). However, the combat medic is largely not prepared for LSCOs. The revised Medical Education and Demonstration of Individual Competence (TC 8-800) state 68Ws much be able to provide advanced airway and trauma management, medication administration, and advanced casualty movement.

Patterns and Predictors of COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake Among U.S. Active Duty Service Members, 2020-2022: Implications for Future Pandemics.

Introduction: Vaccine mandates have been used to minimize the duty days lost and deaths attributable to infectious disease among active duty Service members (ADSMs). In response to the global COVID-19 pandemic, in August 2021, the U.S.

Efficacy of neuromodulation of the pulvinar nucleus for drug-resistant epilepsy.

Objective: The pulvinar nucleus of the thalamus has extensive cortical connections with the temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) targeting the pulvinar nucleus, therefore, carries the potential for therapeutic benefit in patients with drug-resistant posterior quadrant epilepsy (PQE) and neocortical temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Here, we present a single-center experience of patients managed via bilateral DBS of the pulvinar nucleus.

FT538, iPSC-derived NK cells, enhance AML cell killing when combined with chemotherapy.

Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived natural killer (NK) cells offer an opportunity for a standardized, off-the-shelf treatment with the potential to treat a wider population of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) patients than the current standard of care. FT538 iPSC-NKs express a high-affinity, noncleavable CD16 to maximize antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity, a CD38 knockout to improve metabolic fitness, and an IL-15/IL-15 receptor fusion preventing the need for cytokine administration, the main source of adverse effects in NK cell-based therapies. Here, we sought to evaluate the potential of FT538 iPSC-NKs as a therapy for AML through their effect on AML cell lines and primary AML cells.

Current Burden of Lean Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease Among US Adults, 2017-2023.

Our study investigated the prevalence of lean steatotic liver disease (SLD) and its subcategories, including metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), metabolic dysfunction-related and alcohol-related SLD (MetALD), and alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) among lean adults in the US. Analysing data from 2965 lean adults (≥ 18 years) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2017-2023), we found the age-adjusted prevalence of lean SLD to be 12.8%.

Kotter's change management approach to transforming oral healthcare delivery: A case study.

Introduction: Despite progress in research and technological advancements, the delivery of oral health care continues to be plagued by disparities in accessibility and affordability. Dental caries and periodontal disease remain major issues, and new challenges such as socioeconomic disparities and emerging public health dangers also contribute to the complexity of the issue. To address these challenges, dental education and oral healthcare delivery must shift their focus from disease treatment to disease prevention and health promotion.

Battlefield Acupuncture Does Not Provide Additional Improvement in Pain When Combined With Standard Physical Therapy After Shoulder Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Introduction: Shoulder stabilization surgery is common among military personnel, causing severe acute postoperative pain that may contribute to the development of chronic pain, thereby reducing military readiness. Battlefield Acupuncture (BFA) has shown promise as a non-pharmaceutical intervention for acute postoperative pain. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of BFA combined with standard physical therapy on pain, self-reported mood, self-reported improvement, and medication use in patients after shoulder stabilization surgery.

Integration of multiomic data identifies core-module of inherited-retinal diseases.

Human diseases with similar phenotypes can be interconnected through shared biological pathways, genes, or molecular mechanisms. Inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) cause photoreceptor dysfunction due to mutations in approximately 300 genes, affecting visual transduction, photoreceptor morphogenesis, and transcription factors, suggesting common pathobiological mechanisms. This study examined the functional relationship between known IRDs genes by integrating binding sites and gene expression data from the key photoreceptor transcription factors (TFs), Crx and Nrl.

Predictive Value of FDG Uptake on PET for Future Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Mediated Colitis: A Case Series.

: Immune-mediated colitis (IMC) is a common immune-related adverse event during immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. This case series and review aimed to highlight atypical cases of IMC and explore the potential of PET/CT to predict imminent ICI colitis. : Through a descriptive, retrospective study at a tertiary cancer center, we identified adult patients receiving ICIs for any cancer between 2010 and 2022 who also underwent PET/CT for routine cancer surveillance during this time.

Impact of American Thyroid Association's Revised Cancer Management Guidelines on Thyroid Cancer Incidence Trends: A Retrospective Cohort Study, 2000-2020.

The past four decades have seen a steady increase in thyroid cancer in the United States (US). This study investigated the impact of the American Thyroid Association (ATA)'s revised cancer management guidelines on thyroid cancer incidence trends and how the trends varied by socioeconomic, histologic, geographic, and racial and ethnic characteristics from 2000 to 2020. We used data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to identify thyroid cancer cases diagnosed among US patients between 2000 and 2020.

CANGuard: An Enhanced Approach to the Detection of Anomalies in CAN-Enabled Vehicles.

As modern vehicles continue to evolve, advanced technologies are integrated to enhance the driving experience. A key enabler of this advancement is the Controller Area Network (CAN) bus, which facilitates seamless communication between vehicle components. Despite its widespread adoption, the CAN bus was not designed with security as a priority, making it vulnerable to various attacks.

Leveraging Segment Anything Model (SAM) for Weld Defect Detection in Industrial Ultrasonic B-Scan Images.

Automated ultrasonic testing (AUT) is a critical tool for infrastructure evaluation in industries such as oil and gas, and, while skilled operators manually analyze complex AUT data, artificial intelligence (AI)-based methods show promise for automating interpretation. However, improving the reliability and effectiveness of these methods remains a significant challenge. This study employs the Segment Anything Model (SAM), a vision foundation model, to design an AI-assisted tool for weld defect detection in real-world ultrasonic B-scan images.