Crafting sustainable solutions: architecting biodegradable copolymers through controlled ring-opening copolymerization.

Polylactic acid (PLA) is a biodegradable and biocompatible polymer with versatile applications in packaging and medicine. It is derived from lactic acid and thus represents an eco-friendly option sourced from renewable raw materials. Despite its advantages, PLA exhibits few drawbacks, such as brittleness and relatively high melting and glass transition temperatures.

Rehabilitation Services for Young-Onset Dementia: Examples from High- and Low-Middle-Income Countries.

The WHO Dementia Global Action Plan states that rehabilitation services for dementia are required to promote health, reduce disability, and maintain quality of life for those living with dementia. Current services, however, are scarce, particularly for people with young-onset dementia (YOD). This article, written by an international group of multidisciplinary dementia specialists, offers a three-part overview to promote the development of rehabilitation services for YOD.

Efficient cationic dye removal from water through skin-derived carbon nanospheres: a rapid and sustainable approach.

The present study investigates the potential of skin-derived carbon nanospheres (CNSs) as an efficient adsorbent for the rapid removal of cationic dyes from aqueous solutions. The CNSs were synthesized through a facile, cost-effective, catalyst-free and environmentally friendly process, utilizing skin waste as a precursor. This is the first reported study on the synthesis of mesoporous carbon nanospheres from skin.

Ventrolateral medullary compression by vascular contact in primary hemifacial spasm: a radiological analysis.

Background: The neurovascular conflict (NVC) causing hemifacial spasm (HFS) can also cause compression of ventrolateral medulla (VLM) which contains the central sympathetic neurons. VLM compression has been associated with hypertension. Whether the VLM compression in HFS patients is associated with hypertension is not clear.

Investigational applications of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in Mood Disorders: Studies from a tertiary care center in India.

The investigational potential of TMS in psychiatry is largely underutilized. In the current article, we present the results of five studies with similar TMS protocols that looked at the investigative applications of TMS via measuring cortical reactivity as potential biomarkers in mood disorders. The first two studies, evaluate potential of TMS parameters and Motor neuron system (MNS) as state or trait markers of BD.

ECM-mimetic, NSAIDs loaded thermo-responsive, immunomodulatory hydrogel for rheumatoid arthritis treatment.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease, and it leads to irreversible inflammation in intra-articular joints. Current treatment approaches for RA include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs), corticosteroids, and biological agents. To overcome the drug-associated toxicity of conventional therapy and transdermal tissue barrier, an injectable NSAID-loaded hydrogel system was developed and explored its efficacy.

Unprecedented ROP of quinazolinones to polyacylamidines using a cesium catalyst.

Unprecedented ring-opening polymerization of quinazolinones to produce novel polyacylamidines, led by a unique cooperation between a cesium metal center and imino-phosphanamidinate ligand, was developed. Morphological studies revealed the formation of a unique macromolecular assembly producing nanofibers in the absence of a templating agent with excellent control of molecular weights and polydispersity index.

Sustainable carbonaceous nanomaterial supported palladium as an efficient ligand-free heterogeneouscatalyst for Suzuki-Miyaura coupling.

A novel ligand-free heterogeneous catalyst was synthesized pyrolysis of pods to produce carbon nanospheres (SS-CNSs), which served as a carbon support for immobilizing palladium nanoparticles through an reduction technique (Pd/SS-CNS). The SS-CNSs effectively integrated 3% of Pd on their surfaces with no additional activation procedures needed. The nanomaterials obtained underwent thorough characterization employing various techniques such as FT-IR, XRD, FE-SEM, TEM, EDS, ICP-AES, and BET.

Unraveling the regulatory landscape of Parkinson disease: A molecular symphony of miRNAs, transcription factors, and high-risk genes.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators of post-transcriptional gene expression, impacting various biological processes (development, differentiation, and progression). In medicine, miRNAs are promising diagnostic biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD). The current study aims at exploring the role of miRNAs and transcription factors (TFs) in regulating genes-associated with PD.

Conservation of Endangered Cordyceps sinensis Through Artificial Cultivation Strategies of C. militaris, an Alternate.

Cordyceps, an entomopathogenic fungus belonging to the Ascomycota phylum, is a familiar remedial mushroom that is extensively used in the traditional medicinal system, especially in South Asian nations. The significance of this genus' members in a range of therapeutic and biotechnological applications has long been acknowledged. The exceedingly valuable fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis (Cordyceps sinensis) is found in the alpine meadows of Bhutan, Nepal, Tibet, and India, where it is severely harvested.

Altered neuroepithelial morphogenesis and migration defects in iPSC-derived cerebral organoids and 2D neural stem cells in familial bipolar disorder.

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe mental illness that can result from neurodevelopmental aberrations, particularly in familial BD, which may include causative genetic variants. In the present study, we derived cortical organoids from BD patients and healthy (control) individuals from a clinically dense family in the Indian population. Our data reveal that the patient organoids show neurodevelopmental anomalies, including organisational, proliferation and migration defects.

Development of a fluorescent scaffold by utilizing quercetin template for selective detection of Hg: Experimental and theoretical studies along with live cell imaging.

Quercetin is an important antioxidant with high bioactivity and it has been used as SARS-CoV-2 inhibitor significantly. Quercetin, one of the most abundant flavonoids in nature, has been in the spot of numerous experimental and theoretical studies in the past decade due to its great biological and medicinal importance. But there have been limited instances of employing quercetin and its derivatives as a fluorescent framework for specific detection of various cations and anions in the chemosensing field.

Unravelling Post-harvest Ripening Metabolomics of a New White Variety Guava Fruit (Cv Arka Mridula) with Special Emphasis on Phenolics and Corresponding Antioxidants.

The phenolic, antioxidant and metabolic profiling of a new white variety guava fruit Arka Mridula (AM) was performed during its storage at the room temperature (28 ± 2 °C). The comparative profiles were generated at three ripening stages (pre-ripe, ripe and over-ripe) of the fruit. Generally, a steady decrease of the phenolic and antioxidant content from the pre-ripe to the ripe stage and a subsequent increase from the ripe to over-ripe stage was observed.

Differential patterns of functional connectivity in tremor dominant Parkinson's disease and essential tremor plus.

Tremor dominant Parkinson's disease (TDPD) and essential tremor plus (ETP) syndrome are commonly encountered tremor dominant neurological disorders. Although the basal ganglia thalamocortical (BGTC) and cerebello thalamocortical (CTC) networks are implicated in tremorogenesis, the extent of functional connectivity alterations across disorders is uncertain. This study aims to evaluate functional connectivity of the BGTC and CTC in TDPD and ETP.

Mitochondria in biology and medicine - 2023.

Mitochondria are an indispensable part of the cell that plays a crucial role in regulating various signaling pathways, energy metabolism, cell differentiation, proliferation, and cell death. Since mitochondria have their own genetic material, they differ from their nuclear counterparts, and dysregulation is responsible for a broad spectrum of diseases. Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with several disorders, including neuro-muscular disorders, cancer, and premature aging, among others.

Corrigendum to "Second round statewide sentinel-based population survey for estimation of the burden of active infection and anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in the general population of Karnataka, India, during January-February 2021" [IJID Regions Vol 1(2021) pages 107-116].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.ijregi.

Overview of management of infection-related movement disorders with focus on specific-infections.

Infections are important treatable causes of secondary movement disorders (MD) that can have heterogeneous presentations. According to various studies, infection-related movement disorders (IRMD) account for around 10-20% of secondary MD. Certain infections have a predilection for causing various MD, and some MD phenomenologies, such as acute cerebellar ataxia and opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia syndromes (OMAS), suggest a strong possibility of an underlying infectious cause.

A Prompt Study on Recent Advances in the Development Of Colorimetric and Fluorescent Chemosensors for "Nanomolar Detection" of Biologically Important Analytes.

Fluorescent and colorimetric chemosensors for selective detection of various biologically important analytes have been widely applied in different areas such as biology, physiology, pharmacology, and environmental sciences. The research area based on fluorescent chemosensors has been in existence for about 150 years with the development of large number of fluorescent chemosensors for selective detection of cations as metal ions, anions, reactive species, neutral molecules and different gases etc. Despite the progress made in this field, several problems and challenges still exist.

Cardiac Computed Tomography Angiography in Infants and Young Children Without Sedation.

Cardiac computed tomography (CT) imaging plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis and management of infants and young children with congenital heart disease (CHD). While the benefits of CT imaging are well-established, the challenge lies in adapting these procedures to the unique requirements of infants and young children. Traditionally, sedation has been a common practice to ensure cooperation and motion control during imaging.

A Unified Approach to Two-Dimensional Brinkman-Bénard Convection of Newtonian Liquids in Cylindrical and Rectangular Enclosures.

A unified model for the analysis of two-dimensional Brinkman-Bénard/Rayleigh-Bénard/ Darcy-Bénard convection in cylindrical and rectangular enclosures (CE/RE) saturated by a Newtonian liquid is presented by adopting the local thermal non-equilibrium (LTNE) model for the heat transfer between fluid and solid phases. The actual thermophysical properties of water and porous media are used. The range of permissible values for all the parameters is calculated and used in the analysis.