ASRA Pain Medicine consensus practice infection control guidelines for regional anesthesia and pain medicine.

Background: To provide recommendations on risk mitigation, diagnosis and treatment of infectious complications associated with the practice of regional anesthesia, acute and chronic pain management.

Methods: Following board approval, in 2020 the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine (ASRA Pain Medicine) commissioned evidence-based guidelines for best practices for infection control. More than 80 research questions were developed and literature searches undertaken by assigned working groups comprising four to five members.

Sleep Disturbance and Postconcussive Symptoms in Pediatric Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Orthopedic Injury.

Objective: Sleep disturbance (SD) is common after pediatric mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and may predict increased postconcussive symptoms (PCS) and prolonged recovery. Our objective was to investigate the relation of SD with PCS in children with mTBI and those with orthopedic injury (OI).

Setting: Emergency departments (EDs) at 2 children's hospitals in the Midwestern United States.

Validation and Recalibration of a Model for Predicting Surgical-Site Infection After Pelvic Organ Prolapse Surgery.

Introduction And Hypothesis: The objective was to externally validate and recalibrate a previously developed model for predicting postoperative surgical-site infection (SSI) after pelvic organ prolapse (POP) surgery.

Methods: This study utilized a previously validated model for predicting post-POP surgery SSI within 90 days of surgery using a Medicare population. For this study, the model was externally validated and recalibrated using the Premier Healthcare Database (PHD) and the National Surgical Quality Improvement Project (NSQIP) database.

Influenza and Aging: Clinical Manifestations, Complications, and Treatment Approaches in Older Adults.

Influenza, a highly contagious respiratory viral illness, poses significant global health risks, particularly affecting older and those with chronic health conditions. Influenza viruses, primarily types A and B, are responsible for seasonal human infections and exhibit a propensity for antigenic drift and shift, contributing to seasonal epidemics and pandemics. The severity of influenza varies, but severe cases often lead to pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and multiorgan failure.

Influenza vaccine effectiveness against medically attended outpatient illness, United States, 2023-24 season.

Background: The 2023-24 U.S. influenza season was characterized by a predominance of A(H1N1)pdm09 virus circulation with co-circulation of A(H3N2) and B/Victoria viruses.

Elevated cell-free hemoglobin: A novel early biomarker following traumatic injury.

Background: Cell-free hemoglobin (CFH) and free heme are potent mediators of endotheliopathy and organ injury in sepsis, but their roles in other hemolytic pathologies are not well-defined. A prime example is trauma where early hemolysis may initiate damage and predict outcome. Here, we investigated the presence of plasma CFH, heme, and their major scavengers after traumatic injury.

2024 Update of the RECOVER-Adult Long COVID Research Index.

Importance: Classification of persons with long COVID (LC) or post-COVID-19 condition must encompass the complexity and heterogeneity of the condition. Iterative refinement of the classification index for research is needed to incorporate newly available data as the field rapidly evolves.

Objective: To update the 2023 research index for adults with LC using additional participant data from the Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER-Adult) study and an expanded symptom list based on input from patient communities.

Machine Learning-based Prognostic Subgrouping of Glioblastoma: A Multi-center Study.

Background: Glioblastoma is the most aggressive adult primary brain cancer, characterized by significant heterogeneity, posing challenges for patient management, treatment planning, and clinical trial stratification.

Methods: We developed a highly reproducible, personalized prognostication and clinical subgrouping system using machine learning (ML) on routine clinical data, MRI, and molecular measures from 2,838 demographically diverse patients across 22 institutions and 3 continents. Patients were stratified into favorable, intermediate, and poor prognostic subgroups (I, II, III) using Kaplan-Meier analysis (Cox proportional model and hazard ratios [HR]).

Androgen receptor inhibition increases MHC Class I expression and improves immune response in prostate cancer.

Tumors escape immune detection and elimination through a variety of mechanisms. Here, we used prostate cancer as a model to examine how androgen-dependent tumors undergo immune evasion through downregulation of the major histocompatibility complex class I (MHCI). We report that response to immunotherapy in late-stage prostate cancer is associated with elevated MHC expression.

Evaluation of a Reiki Volunteer Program within Two Cancer Infusion Centers.

Context: Reiki is a biofield therapy from Japan currently used in many US hospitals. Evidence supports Reiki's effectiveness for addressing cancer and treatment-related symptoms such as pain and anxiety. However, no study to date has assessed changes in nausea following Reiki received during infusion treatments or assessed patients from multiple healthcare locations.

Clinical Vignettes Illustrating the Spectrum of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Presentation and Treatment.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presentation reflects a complex interaction between cancer stage, severity of liver disease, and overall functional status. This article provides clinical vignettes that illustrate these complex interactions and how a multidisciplinary approach can result in rational, evidence-based plans of care that factor in the local standard of care as well as patient preference. The vignettes range from a patient with early stage HCC and good liver function to a patient with metastatic disease.

Quantifying the Scope of Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Writing in Orthopaedic Medical Literature: An Analysis of Prevalence and Validation of AI-Detection Software.

Introduction: The popularization of generative artificial intelligence (AI), including Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT), has raised concerns for the integrity of academic literature. This study asked the following questions: (1) Has the popularization of publicly available generative AI, such as ChatGPT, increased the prevalence of AI-generated orthopaedic literature? (2) Can AI detectors accurately identify ChatGPT-generated text? (3) Are there associations between article characteristics and the likelihood that it was AI generated?

Methods: PubMed was searched across six major orthopaedic journals to identify articles received for publication after January 1, 2023. Two hundred and forty articles were randomly selected and entered into three popular AI detectors.

Changes to inflammatory markers during 5 years of viral suppression and during viral blips in people with HIV initiating different integrase inhibitor based regimens.

Background: Heightened levels of inflammatory markers are linked to increased morbidity/mortality in people with HIV (PWH) and often remain elevated after virologic suppression by antiretroviral therapy (ART). As new combinations of ART become available, an evaluation of their effects on immune activation and inflammation is warranted. Additionally, it remains unknown whether transient increases in viral load ("blips") during ART are associated with increases in inflammation.

Bimekizumab Efficacy in High-Impact Areas: Pooled 2-Year Analysis in Scalp, Nail, and Palmoplantar Psoriasis from Phase 3/3b Randomized Controlled Trials.

Introduction: Psoriasis in high-impact areas, including the scalp, nails, palms, and soles, can disproportionately impair patient quality of life. Here, we evaluate the 2-year efficacy of bimekizumab treatment in patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis in post hoc analyses of five phase 3/3b trials.

Methods: High-impact area efficacy data were pooled through 2 years across five phase 3/3b trials: BE VIVID, BE READY, BE SURE, their ongoing open-label extension (OLE) BE BRIGHT, and BE RADIANT (including its double-blinded treatment period and the first year of its OLE).

Influenza vaccine effectiveness against medically attended outpatient illness, United States, 2023-24 season.

Background: The 2023-24 U.S. influenza season was characterized by a predominance of A(H1N1)pdm09 virus circulation with co-circulation of A(H3N2) and B/Victoria viruses.

Evaluation of a Stress, Coping, and Resourcefulness Program for VA Nurses During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic, combined with the shortage of nursing staff, contributed to higher levels of stress. Sustained stress has been associated with burnout. However, nurses have traditionally demonstrated resourcefulness skills that resulted in building resilience.

Primary Care Guidance for Providers of Care for Persons With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: 2024 Update by the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

Advances in antiretroviral therapy (ART) have made it possible for persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to live a lifespan approaching that of people without HIV, without progressing to AIDS or transmitting HIV to sexual partners or infants. There is, therefore, increasing emphasis on maintaining health throughout the lifespan. To receive optimal medical care and achieve desired outcomes, persons with HIV must be consistently engaged in care and able to access uninterrupted treatment, including ART.

Workplace violence in trauma centers: an American Trauma Society Position Statement.

In 1966, the National Academy of Sciences and National Research Council published 'Accidental Death and Disability: the Neglected Disease of Modern Society' which served as a national call to action to address the apparent public apathy towards the devastating and unnecessary toll that injury was taking on America. This white paper recommended the establishment of a National Trauma Association to drive public demand for injury prevention and mitigation. The American Association for the Surgery of Trauma heeding that call, founded the American Trauma Society (ATS) in 1968.

Patient Experience and Attitudes Toward Electronic Intake and Patient-Reported Outcomes Within an Outpatient Whole Health Center.

The use of electronic intake forms within the electronic health record (EHR) is an emerging method for routinely collecting patient-reported outcomes (PRO). However, few studies have evaluated experiences/perspectives toward electronic forms among outpatients receiving care within Integrative Health and Medicine (IHM) clinics. The study purpose was to understand patients' perspectives of electronic intake and PRO forms in the outpatient IHM setting.