Challenges and perspectives in the management of BRAF-mutated metastatic melanoma: Systemic treatment sequencing and brain metastases.

The global incidence of metastatic melanoma with BRAF mutations, characterized by aggressive behavior and poor prognosis, is rising. Recent treatment advances, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and targeted therapies (TT) such as BRAF and MEK inhibitors, have significantly enhanced patient outcomes. Although guidelines recommend sequencing strategies, real-world implementation can be influenced by clinical scenarios.

KPC pancreatic cancer cells are a novel immunocompetent murine model supporting human adenovirus replication and tumor oncolysis.

Oncolytic adenoviral therapy is a promising approach for pancreatic cancer treatment. However, the limited capacity of murine cells to produce infectious viral progeny precludes the full evaluation of the virotherapy in a suitable immunocompetent mouse model. Here, we report that the murine KPC-I cell line, established from pancreatic tumors developed in ; ; mice, is susceptible to adenoviral replication and generates a progeny of infective virions similar to those from infected human A549 cells.

Using Anal Cytology and Human Papillomavirus DNA and E6/E7 mRNA Detection to Optimize High-Resolution Anoscopy Referrals in Men Who Have Sex With Men With HIV.

Background: This study was conducted to evaluate screening procedures for anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) with anal liquid-based cytology (aLBC) and biomarkers to identify candidates for high-resolution anoscopy (HRA).

Methods: This cross-sectional study included men who have sex with men with HIV. Participants underwent HRA, aLBC, and biomarker testing.

Severe ARDS due to disseminated toxoplasmosis in a person with HIV successfully treated with ECMO: a case report.

Disseminated toxoplasmosis (DT) is an uncommon but severe complication associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). This case report describes the successful treatment of a 28-year-old male individual with AIDS who developed severe and life-threatening acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) resulting from DT, in which extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was employed effectively.

Endovascular Thrombectomy for Extracranial Internal Carotid Artery Occlusions With Large Ischemic Strokes: Insights From the SELECT2 Trial.

Background And Objectives: Although previous trials have established the efficacy and safety of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in large ischemic core strokes, most of them excluded patients with extracranial internal carotid artery (e-ICA) occlusion. We aimed to compare outcomes in patients with e-ICA occlusion and large ischemic core infarcts treated with EVT vs medical management (MM).

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of the SELECT2 trial, a randomized controlled trial conducted at 31 international sites.

Associations between degree of food processing and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a multicentre prospective cohort analysis in 9 European countries.

Background: Ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption has been linked with higher risk of mortality. This multi-centre study investigated associations between food intake by degree of processing, using the Nova classification, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality.

Methods: This study analyzed data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.

Caspase-4 Has Potential Utility as a Colorectal Tissue Biomarker for Dysplasia and Early-Stage Cancer.

Background And Aims: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most deadly cancer globally. The rapidly rising incidence rate of CRC, coupled with increased diagnoses in individuals <50 years, indicates that early detection of CRC, and those at an increased risk of CRC development, is paramount to improve the survival rates of these patients. Here, we profile caspase-4 expression across 2 distinct CRC development pathways, sporadic CRC (sCRC) and inflammatory bowel disease-associated CRC (IBD-CRC), to examine its utility as a novel biomarker for CRC risk and diagnosis.

Therapeutic alliance in a stepped digital psychosocial intervention for breast cancer patients: findings from a multicentre randomised controlled trial.

Background: Action mechanisms of therapeutic alliance in stepped and digital interventions remain unclear.

Aims: (a) To compare the development of therapeutic alliance between psychosocial treatment as usual (PTAU) and a stepped digital intervention designed to prevent distress in cancer patients; (b) to analyse the level of agreement between patients' and therapists' therapeutic alliance ratings; and (c) to explore variables associated with therapeutic alliance in the digital intervention.

Method: A multicentre randomised controlled trial with 184 newly diagnosed breast cancer women was conducted.

Brief Report: Preventing Infusion-related Reactions With Intravenous Amivantamab: Results From SKIPPirr, a Phase 2 Study.

Introduction: Amivantamab, an EGFR-MET bispecific antibody, is approved for multiple indications in EGFR-mutated advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as monotherapy or combined with other agents. Intravenous amivantamab is associated with a 67% infusion-related reactions (IRR) rate.

Methods: The phase 2 SKIPPirr study (NCT05663866) enrolled patients with EGFR-mutated (Ex19del/L858R) advanced NSCLC after progression on osimertinib and platinum-based chemotherapy who received intravenous amivantamab plus oral lazertinib (amivantamab-lazertinib), a third-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor.

Immunonutrition to improve the quality of life of upper gastrointestinal cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant treatment prior to surgery (NEOIMMUNE): double-blind randomized controlled multicenter clinical trial.

Background: Malnutrition is common with esophagogastric cancers and is associated with negative outcomes. We aimed to evaluate if immunonutrition during neoadjuvant treatment improves patient's health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and reduces postoperative morbidity and toxicities during neoadjuvant treatment.

Methods: A multicenter double-blind randomized controlled trial (RCT) was undertaken.

[Translated article] Activities of clinical pharmacists in intensive care units.

The main objective of the activity carried out in an intensive care unit (ICU) and in general, in all hospitalization units, is to provide all the human and material resources to offer the best therapeutic care to admitted patients. Work in multidisciplinary teams, made up of specialists in intensive care medicine as those responsible for the patients, doctors from other specialties, specialized nursing, physiotherapists, nutritionists, and clinical pharmacists is an optimal approach to achieve the proposed objective. The activities of the clinical pharmacist can be developed at different levels (basic, intermediate, and excellent) depending on the degree of involvement, the time dedicated, the training, and the available resources.

Development and Characterization of Lyophilized Chondroitin Sulfate-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles: Encapsulation Efficiency and Stability.

This study explores the development and characterization of lyophilized chondroitin sulfate (CHON)-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) as an innovative platform for advanced drug delivery. Solid lipid nanoparticles are increasingly recognized for their biocompatibility, their ability to encapsulate diverse compounds, their capacity to enhance drug stability, their bioavailability, and their therapeutic efficacy. CHON, a naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan with anti-inflammatory and regenerative properties, was integrated into SLN formulations using the hot microemulsion technique.

Comparison of COVID-19 and Non-COVID-19 Tracheostomised Patients: Complications, Survival, and Mortality Risk Factors.

To compare the outcomes of tracheostomised COVID-19 patients with non-COVID-19 tracheostomised patients to identify factors influencing severity and mortality. A retrospective, single-centre cohort study was conducted on COVID-19 tracheostomised patients admitted from May 2020 to February 2022, compared with a cohort of non-COVID-19 tracheostomised patients. COVID-19 tracheostomised patients had a higher mortality rate (50% vs.

Age-Related Changes in Gut Health and Behavioral Biomarkers in a Beagle Dog Population.

The gut and the gut microbiome communicate with the nervous system through the gut-brain axis via neuroimmune and neuroendocrine mechanisms. Despite existing research, studies exploring this link in aging dogs are limited. This study aims to examine multiple blood and fecal biomarkers of intestinal health, along with various behavioral indicators based on saliva, blood, observations, and activity, in different age populations (junior: <2 y.

Evaluating the Quality of Real-World Data on Adherence to Oral Endocrine Therapy in Breast Cancer Patients: How Real Is Real-World Data?

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare estimates of adherence to oral endocrine therapy (OET) based on real-world data (RWD) and on clinical evaluation in people diagnosed with breast cancer in the public healthcare system in Catalonia (Spain).

Methods: We conducted two retrospective cohort studies. Cohort 1 (RWD) consisted of women diagnosed with breast cancer in 2021 in the public healthcare system of Catalonia (Spain).

Swimmer's Shoulder: Ultrasound Anatomical Description of Shoulder Tendons in Elite Swimmers and Water Polo Players.

This study aimed to examine the differences in shoulder ultrasonographic parameters between overhead aquatic athletes and their relationship with shoulder pain. Sixty-four healthy junior subjects ( = 128 shoulders) participated in the study, including 17 healthy controls, 25 elite junior swimmers, and 22 elite junior water polo players. An ultrasonographic study of the shoulder was carried out to measure the thickness of the rotator cuff structures in sex- and age-paired groups.

Colorectal carcinogenesis in the Lynch syndromes and familial adenomatous polyposis: trigger events and downstream consequences.

Carcinogenesis encompasses processes that lead to increased mutation rates, enhanced cellular division (tumour growth), and invasive growth. Colorectal cancer (CRC) carcinogenesis in carriers of pathogenic APC (path_APC) and pathogenic mismatch repair gene (path_MMR) variants is initiated by a second hit affecting the corresponding wild-type allele. In path_APC carriers, second hits result in the development of multiple adenomas, with CRC typically emerging after an additional 20 years.

A new population pharmacokinetic model for dosing optimization of zonisamide in patients with refractory epilepsy.

Zonisamide exhibits significant pharmacokinetic variability, demanding for the development of population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) models to identify key factors influencing drug disposition. This study aimed to develop and validate a PopPK to optimize zonisamide posology in patients with refractory epilepsy. A total of 114 plasma concentrations of zonisamide, obtained from 64 patients, were used for PopPK model development, employing the nonlinear mixed-effects modelling approach.

Trends and Association between Smoking and the Socio-Demographic Index Among 11 South American Countries, 1990-2019.

Objectives: To examine prevalence trends in the use of smoked tobacco products in 11 South American (SA) countries (i.e., Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, and Venezuela) and their association with country-specific socio-demographic index (SDI) over 30 years.

The immune response to SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 as a recall response susceptible to immune imprinting: A prospective cohort study.

Unlabelled: The antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 does not follow the immunoglobulin isotype pattern of primary responses, conflicting with the current interpretation of COVID-19.

Methods: Prospective cohort study of 191 SARS-CoV-2 infection cases and 44 controls from the second wave of COVID-19. The study stratified patients by severity and analyzed the trajectories of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and multiple immune variables.

Clinician's perceptions and experiences with tobacco treatment in people who use cannabis: a qualitative study.

Introduction: Global demand for the treatment of cannabis use disorder has increased significantly, prompting a need to understand effective strategies for addressing concurrent cannabis and tobacco use. This study focuses on clinicians' experiences and perceptions in delivering tobacco cessation services to people who use cannabis.

Methods: Fifteen participants (12 females, 3 males) participated in three homogenous focus groups, including two groups with extensive experience in providing tobacco cessation among the substance use population in Catalonia, Spain, and one group of clinicians without such experience.

Learning Curve in the Extraction of Impacted Lower Third Molars: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Introduction: Third molar removal is one of the most common surgical procedures in dentistry. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the learning curve of dentists undergoing surgical training. Thus, the aims of this study were to assess the performance of oral surgery residents in third molar extractions based on operative time and the occurrence of incidents/complications, and to determine which variables are associated with surgical difficulty.

[Position statement of the Spanish Society of Primary Care Physicians (SEMERGEN) and Spanish Working Group on Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis (GETECCU) on the management of inflammatory bowel disease in Primary Care].

Primary Care is the first point of contact for most patients after the onset of symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Establishing an initial diagnostic process based on compatible symptoms and agreed criteria and referral pathways, depending on the degree of suspicion and the patient's situation, can reduce diagnostic delays. Once the patient is referred to the Digestive specialist and the diagnosis of IBD is established, a treatment and follow-up plan is structured.

Chronic kidney disease progression in patients with previous type 2 diabetes and/or hypertension: a population-based cohort study from primary care in Spain.

Objectives: To evaluate whether between hypertension and type 2 diabetes (T2D)-established drivers of chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression-one might be more strongly associated with CKD progression than the other.

Design: Cohort study using a primary care database (electronic health records).

Setting: Primary care in Catalonia, Spain.

Outcomes following immunosuppressive therapy withdrawal after complete renal response in proliferative lupus nephritis.

Objective: To investigate the rate and factors influencing renal relapse (RR) in proliferative lupus nephritis (LN) patients who discontinued immunosuppressive therapy (IST), as well as the long-term renal outcomes following RR.

Methods: Retrospective, single-centre study of biopsy-confirmed LN patients who had received IST for at least 36 months and maintained complete renal response (CRR) for a minimum of 12 months before therapy discontinuation.

Results: Of a total of 106 patients meeting the inclusion criteria, 76 with proliferative classes were selected for analysis.