Can optical evaluation distinguish between T1a and T1b esophageal adenocarcinoma: an international expert interobserver agreement study.

Background:  Piecemeal endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is an acceptable technique for T1a esophageal adenocarcinoma, but en bloc R0 excision is advocated for T1b disease as it may offer a potential cure and mitigate recurrence. Thus, distinguishing between T1a and T1b disease is imperative under current treatment paradigms. We investigated whether expert Barrett's endoscopists could make this distinction based on optical evaluation.

Patient's Perception of Outcome after Extracapsular Fractures of the Mandibular Condyle Differs from Objective Evaluation-Experience of a Third-Level Hospital.

: The aim of this study is to assess patients' subjective perception of treatment outcome after extracapsular fractures of the mandibular condyle. : A questionnaire survey regarding facial nerve palsy (FNP), malocclusion, pain, reduction in maximum mouth opening (MMO) and further discomfort after 3, 6, and 12 months was carried out. Patients aged 18 or more presenting with an extracapsular condylar fracture between 2006 and 2020 were identified by purposive sampling Questionnaires were received from 115 patients.

Effect of continuous drainage of cranial arachnoid cysts into the ventricular system by stereotactic placed catheters.

Surgical treatment of intracranial arachnoid cysts (iACs) is challenging. Microsurgical resection, endoscopic fenestration and cysto-peritoneal shunting are the most frequently used methods, each implying their own drawbacks. Stereotactic-guided cysto-ventricular drainage has been described as an alternative method.

Prehabilitation of dysphagia in the therapy of head and neck cancer- a systematic review of the literature and evidence evaluation.

Background: Prehabilitation is becoming increasingly important in oncology because of the significant survival benefits that the reduction of malnutrition provide. Specifically, tumor- and therapy-related dysphagia leads to malnutrition in more than half of head and neck tumor patients. Studies describe the positive effects of an early onset of swallow-specific prehabilitation on the protection of the swallowing function.

Animal Bite Injuries to the Face: A Retrospective Evaluation of 111 Cases.

The treatment of bite wounds to the face is discussed controversially in relation to surgery and antibiotics. The aim of this study is a retrospective evaluation of 111 cases of animal bite injuries to the face that presented to our unit of oral and maxillofacial surgery over a 13-year period. Children under 10 years of age were predominantly involved.

Effects of the Pandemic on the Care of Patients With Colorectal Cancer.

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a decrease in the rates of diagnosis and treatment of cancer. However, only a few detailed analyses have been made to date regarding the effect of the pandemic on the care of cancer patients in Germany. Such studies are needed as the basis for well-founded recommendations on health-care delivery priorities during pandemics and other, comparable situations of crisis.

OSCC in Never-Smokers and Never-Drinkers Is Associated with Increased Expression of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes and Better Survival.

The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical, histopathologic, and immunologic differences of oral squamous cell carcinoma of never-smokers/never-drinkers and smokers/drinkers. Immunohistochemical staining for CD4, CD8, FoxP3, CD1a, and p16 was performed in 131 oral squamous cell carcinomas from smokers/drinkers and never-smokers/never-drinkers. Associations of smoking/drinking status with clinicopathologic data, immunohistochemical antibody expression, and survival were examined.

Direct Anthropometry Overestimates Cranial Asymmetry-3D Digital Photography Proves to Be a Reliable Alternative.

This study compared manual and digital measurements of plagiocephaly and brachycephaly in infants and evaluated whether three-dimensional (3D) digital photography measurements can be used as a superior alternative in everyday clinical practice. A total of 111 infants (103 with plagiocephalus and 8 with brachycephalus) were included in this study. Head circumference, length and width, bilateral diagonal head length, and bilateral distance from the glabella to the tragus were assessed by manual assessment (tape measure and anthropometric head calipers) and 3D photographs.

Adjuvant Radiotherapy in Patients with Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Cavity or Oropharynx and Solitary Ipsilateral Lymph Node Metastasis (pN1)-A Prospective Multicentric Cohort Study.

(1) Background: Evaluation of impact of adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity/oropharynx (OSCC) of up to 4 cm (pT1/pT2) and solitary ipsilateral lymph node metastasis (pN1). A non-irradiated group with clinical follow-up was chosen for control, and survival and quality of life (QL) were compared; (2) Methods: This prospective multicentric comprehensive cohort study included patients with resected OSCC (pT1/pT2, pN1, and cM0) who were allocated into adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) or observation. The primary endpoint was overall survival.

Postoperative Delirium after Reconstructive Surgery in the Head and Neck Region.

Postoperative delirium (POD) is an acute and serious complication following extended surgery. The aim of this study was to identify possible risk factors and scores associated with POD in patients undergoing reconstructive head and neck surgery. A collective of 225 patients was retrospectively evaluated after receiving reconstructive surgery in the head and neck region, between 2013 to 2018.

Association of Repetitive Dosing of Levosimendan with Reduction of NYHA Class and NT-proBNP Levels in Decompensated Heart Failure: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: There is evidence that repetitive administration of levosimendan can improve outcome in chronic heart failure patients.

Objective: The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the effect of therapy with levosimendan (LEV) additional to standard medical care in patients with symptomatic heart failure (HFrEF = heart failure with reduced ejection fraction) on NYHA class, NT-proBNP values, ejection fraction (EF) and body weight.

Patients And Methods: 178 participating patients (125 male, 53 female; mean age of 73 ± 13 years) were grouped according to whether LEV was given once (group 1) or repetitively (group 2).

The In-Vitro Activity of a Cold Atmospheric Plasma Device Utilizing Ambient Air against Bacteria and Biofilms Associated with Periodontal or Peri-Implant Diseases.

Due to its antimicrobial and healing-promoting effects, the application of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) appears to be a promising modality in various fields of general medicine and dentistry. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antibacterial and anti-biofilm activity of a handheld device utilizing ambient air for plasma generation. Suspensions of 11 oral bacteria (among them , , , , and ) were exposed to CAP for 10, 30, 60, and 120 s.

The Antimicrobial Effect of Cold Atmospheric Plasma against Dental Pathogens-A Systematic Review of In-Vitro Studies.

Interest in the application of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) in the medical field has been increasing. Indications in dentistry are surface modifications and antimicrobial interventions. The antimicrobial effect of CAP is mainly attributed to the generation of reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species.

Patients' quality of life improves after surgical intervention of stage III medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw.

Purpose: The treatment of advanced stages of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) remains challenging. In order to improve decision making concerning the therapy, we examined the change of patients' quality of life (QoL) after surgical treatment of MRONJ stage III.

Method: The primary outcome variable was patients' QoL.

Surgical treatment of advanced medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws: Comparison of soft tissue closure techniques and evaluation of side effects.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the surgical outcome of patients with advanced medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) treated with different flaps for soft tissue closure. Only MRONJ stage III patients with a minimum follow-up of 6 months were included in our prospective study. The soft tissue closure techniques were: Mylohyoid Muscle Flap, Buccal Fat Flap and mucoperiosteal flap alone.

Update on endoscopic treatment of Barrett's oesophagus and Barrett's oesophagus-related neoplasia.

Endoscopic therapy of early Barrett's oesophagus-related neoplasia is the treatment of choice for low-grade-dysplasia, high-grade dysplasia and mucosal Barrett's cancer. Low-grade-dysplasia without any visible lesion should be ablated, preferably with radiofrequency ablation. In cases with the presence of a visible lesion, high-grade dysplasia and early Barrett's adenocarcinoma, endoscopic resection techniques like multiband ligation endoscopic resection or endoscopic submucosal dissection should be applied.

A decade of reconstructive surgery: outcome and perspectives of free tissue transfer in the head and neck. Experience of a single center institution.

Purpose: Free flaps have become the standard option in reconstructive surgery of the head and neck. Even though many authors have outlined the reliability of free transplants, there is an ongoing discussion about treatment options for patients bearing particular risks as previous irradiation treatment. In this analysis, we aim to address these patients with particular risk profiles by comparing different flap entity outcome parameters.

Severe postoperative dysphagia as an early predictor for decreased overall survival in patients with oral cancer.

Objectives: The aim of this retrospective study was to analyze the early postoperative swallowing outcome in oral cancer patients considering risk factors and localization.

Materials And Methods: Four hundred patients with primary cases of oral cancer were included. Tumors' locations were categorized into four main groups (central, lateral, anterior and posterior).

Physiological concentrations of denosumab enhance osteogenic differentiation in human mesenchymal stem cells of the jaw bone.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible influence of denosumab and zoledronate on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of alveolar bone stem cells.

Design: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and dental follicle cells (DFCs) were grown under osteogenic differentiation with concentrations from 0.25 μM to 10 μM (zoledronate) and to 20 μM (denosumab).

Patients with unilateral squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue and ipsilateral lymph node metastasis do not profit from bilateral neck dissection.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the necessity of elective bilateral neck dissection for treating strict unilateral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the tongue.

Methods: A cohort of 169 patients with unilateral non-midline crossing SCCs of the tongue treated by local resection and neck dissection was investigated. Study endpoints were nodal relapse and overall survival.

Dental stem cells in tooth regeneration and repair in the future.

Introduction: Human dental stem cells can be obtained from postnatal teeth, extracted wisdom teeth or exfoliated deciduous teeth. Due to their differentiation potential, these mesenchymal stem cells are promising for tooth repair. Therefore, the development of dental tissue regeneration represents a suitable but challenging, target for dental stem cell therapies.

The dexamethasone induced osteogenic differentiation of dental follicle cells.

Mesenchymal stem cells are excellent for in vitro studies about biological processes during the differentiation of osteogenic progenitor cells into mineralizing cells such as osteoblasts. Human dental follicle cells (DFCs) are dental mesenchymal stem cells and they can be isolated from third molar teeth. Because DFCs are the genuine progenitor cells of periodontal tissue cells, they have been used for the evaluation of molecular mechanisms during the differentiation of undifferentiated stem cells into alveolar osteoblasts and cementoblasts.

WNT3A and the induction of the osteogenic differentiation in adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells.

Adipose tissue derived stem cells (ASCs) can easily be isolated, but the osteogenic differentiation potential is limited. To improve this differentiation potential, more investigations are required about signaling proteins for the induction of the osteogenic differentiation. This study focused on the WNT3A protein, because little is known about the canonical WNT signaling pathway and the osteogenic differentiation of ASCs.