486 results match your criteria: "Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians University[Affiliation]"

Objective: Evaluate the efficacy and safety of guselkumab, an interleukin (IL)-23 inhibitor, in a Phase 2, multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of patients with active lupus nephritis (LN).

Methods: Adults (18-75 years) with active LN (Class III-IV proliferative nephritis [kidney biopsy] and urine protein-to-creatinine ratio [UPCR)] of ≥ 1 mg/mg despite standard-of-care therapy) were randomized (1:1; planned sample = 60) to receive intravenous infusions of guselkumab 400 mg or placebo at Weeks 0, 4, and 8, then subcutaneous injections (guselkumab 200 mg or placebo) at Week12 and every 4 weeks through Week48 in addition to their background therapy. The primary end point was achievement of ≥ 50% decrease in proteinuria from baseline at Week24.

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Heterogeneity-driven phenotypic plasticity and treatment response in branched-organoid models of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Nat Biomed Eng

December 2024

Translational Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, München, Germany.

In patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), intratumoural and intertumoural heterogeneity increases chemoresistance and mortality rates. However, such morphological and phenotypic diversities are not typically captured by organoid models of PDAC. Here we show that branched organoids embedded in collagen gels can recapitulate the phenotypic landscape seen in murine and human PDAC, that the pronounced molecular and morphological intratumoural and intertumoural heterogeneity of organoids is governed by defined transcriptional programmes (notably, epithelial-to-mesenchymal plasticity), and that different organoid phenotypes represent distinct tumour-cell states with unique biological features in vivo.

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Association between white matter microstructural changes and aggressiveness. A case-control diffusion tensor imaging study.

Neuroimage Clin

November 2024

Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Intervention and Research on Adaptive and Maladaptive Brain Circuits Underlying Mental Health (C-I-R-C), Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, Germany. Electronic address:

Research has focused on identifying neurobiological risk factors associated with aggressive behavior in order to improve prevention and treatment efforts. This study aimed to characterize microstructural differences in white matter (WM) integrity in individuals prone to aggression. We hypothesized that altered cerebral WM microstructure may underlie normal individual variability in aggression and tested this using a case-control design in healthy individuals.

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Objectives: This study aimed to assess the accuracy of a two-stage deep learning (DL) model for (1) detecting mandibular third molars (MTMs) and the mandibular canal (MC), and (2) classifying the anatomical relationship between these structures (contact/no contact) on panoramic radiographs.

Method: MTMs and MCs were labeled on panoramic radiographs by a calibrated examiner using bounding boxes. Each bounding box contained MTM and MC on one side.

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Background: Following surgery, patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma frequently enter clinical trials. Nuanced risk assessment is warranted to reduce imbalances between study arms. Here, we aimed (I) to analyze the interactive effects of residual tumor with clinical and molecular factors on outcome and (II) to define a postoperative risk assessment tool.

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Artificial intelligence (AI) offers a wealth of opportunities for medicine, if we also bear in mind the risks associated with this technology. In recent years the potential future integration of AI with medicine has been the subject of much debate, although practical clinical experience of relevant cases is still largely absent. This case study examines a particular patient's experience with different forms of care.

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Quantitative MRI Measures and Cognitive Function in People With Drug-Resistant Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy.

Neurology

October 2024

From the Department of Neurology, Neurointensive Care and Neurorehabilitation (B.C.P., G.K., J.H., L.R., E.T.), Neuroscience Institute (B.C.P., G.K., J.H., M.K., E.T.), and Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (L.R.), Christian Doppler University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, Centre for Neuroscience Salzburg, Member of the European Reference Network, EpiCARE, Austria; Department of Clinical & Experimental Epilepsy (B.C.P., F.X., L.C., J.S.D., M.J.K., B.W.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London; Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy (B.C.P., F.X., L.C., J.S.D., M.J.K., B.W.), Chalfont St. Peter, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (L.C.), Inselspital, Sleep-Wake-Epilepsy-Center, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Department of Psychology (M.K.), University of Salzburg, Austria; Department of Neurology (C.V.), Epilepsy Center, University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Germany; Department of Public Health, Health Services Research and Health Technology Assessment (E.T.), UMIT-University of Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall in Tirol; and Karl Landsteiner Institute for Neurorehabilitation and Space Neurology (E.T.), Salzburg, Austria.

Background And Objectives: Neuroimaging studies have so far identified structural changes in individuals with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) when compared with controls. However, the underlying mechanisms of drug-resistant JME remain unknown. In this study, we aimed at characterizing the structural underpinnings of drug-resistant JME using MRI-derived cortical morphologic markers.

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Scientific Business Abstracts.

QJM

September 2024

Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.

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Exploring Associations of Somatic Symptom Disorder with Personality Dysfunction and Specific Maladaptive Traits.

Psychopathology

September 2024

Institute of General Practice and Health Services Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.

Introduction: According to ICD-11, personality disorders (PDs) are defined by the severity of self and interpersonal dysfunction in terms of personality functioning (PF) and an optional assessment of specific maladaptive personality trait expressions. Also, somatoform disorders are replaced by somatic symptom disorder (SSD). This study examines associations using the novel diagnostic criteria of SSD in an unselected primary care sample, PF, and maladaptive traits in patients with and without SSD.

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The Infiltrative Margins in Glioblastoma: Important Is What Has Been Left behind.

Clin Cancer Res

November 2024

Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

Supramaximal resection beyond the contrast-enhancing tumor borders represents an emerging surgical strategy for patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma. A recent study provides evidence detailing the interactive effects of more aggressive surgery on other clinical predictors of outcome, supporting guidance for surgical decision-making and informing clinical trialists about the need to stratify for extent of resection. See related article by Park et al.

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Background: Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is associated with cortical thinning of the motor areas. The relative contribution of antiseizure medication to cortical thickness is unknown. We aimed to investigate how valproate influences the cortical morphology of JME.

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Arteriovenous Oscillometric Plethysmography for Fistula Functional Testing.

Kidney Blood Press Res

August 2024

Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.

Introduction: The aim of the presented prospective observational study was to evaluate the effect of fistula flow on peripheral wave morphology and pulse wave velocity by means of the oscillometric Vicorder®-device with the purpose of fistula surveillance.

Methods: Digitized and normalized curves of 53 haemodialysis patients at the fistula and non-fistula arm were analysed. Slope parameters and the areas under the curve of characteristic sections of pulse waves as well as the power spectrum of the pulse waves and their first and second derivatives were computed.

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Acute Onset of Impaired Consciousness.

Dtsch Arztebl Int

July 2024

Emergency Department, Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich; Department of Medicine III, Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich; Interdisciplinary Emergency Department, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg; Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg; Kinderklinik und Kinderpoliklinik im Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich; Department of Neurology, Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich.

Article Synopsis
  • Patients with sudden impaired consciousness have a high mortality rate, with 10% not surviving, and multiple underlying causes are often found.
  • Impairment is categorized into quantitative (reduced wakefulness) and qualitative (abnormal content), with about 45-50% linked to neurological issues and 20% to metabolic or infectious origins.
  • Quick recognition of warning signs ("red flags") and immediate treatment in a shock room are crucial for managing these medical emergencies.
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Telestroke networks aim to improve acute stroke care within their catchment area. Through a teleconsultation service, the network centers provide support to network hospitals that lack continuous neurological expertise for acute stroke management decisions. Although the importance of telemedical treatment in stroke care is steadily increasing, so far no standards exist for the organization of the teleconsultation service in networks.

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Study Design: Retrospective bicentric Cohort Study.

Objective: Posterior (PLIF) and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) have been clinically proven for the surgical treatment of degenerative spinal disorders. Despite many retrospective studies, the superiority of either technique has not been proven to date.

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Erythrocytosis and CKD: A Review.

Am J Kidney Dis

October 2024

Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine IV, Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany.

Erythrocytosis or polycythemia is defined as an increase in red blood cell concentration above the age- and sex-specific normal levels. Unlike anemia, which is very common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), erythrocytosis is less frequent but requires specific understanding by health care professionals in order to provide the best care. Erythrocytosis, especially when undiagnosed and untreated, can lead to serious thrombotic events and higher mortality.

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A new era in the science and care of kidney diseases.

Nat Rev Nephrol

July 2024

European Kidney Health Alliance, Brussels, Belgium.

Notable progress in basic, translational and clinical nephrology research has been made over the past five decades. Nonetheless, many challenges remain, including obstacles to the early detection of kidney disease, disparities in access to care and variability in responses to existing and emerging therapies. Innovations in drug development, research technologies, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have the potential to improve patient outcomes.

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Purpose: Hybrid cervical spine surgery (HS) is a novel surgical strategy wherein an artificial disc replacement is done with a cervical fusion nearby with a stand-alone titanium cage to combine the advantages in both procedures. The aim of this study was to evaluate interactions of these devices within the same patient, and to analyze, if the different goal of each implant is accomplished.

Methods: Thirty-six patients were treated surgically within a non-randomized retrospective study framework with HS.

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Therapeutic benefit of idebenone in patients with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy: The LEROS nonrandomized controlled trial.

Cell Rep Med

March 2024

German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377 Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 81377 Munich, Germany; Friedrich Baur Institute at the Department of Neurology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany. Electronic address:

Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a mitochondrial disease leading to rapid and severe bilateral vision loss. Idebenone has been shown to be effective in stabilizing and restoring vision in patients treated within 1 year of onset of vision loss. The open-label, international, multicenter, natural history-controlled LEROS study (ClinicalTrials.

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