THE FORM AND FUNCTION OF SYNOVIAL CELLS IN TISSUE CULTURES : II. THE PRODUCTION OF MUCIN.

1. Synovial cultures are differentiated in tissue cultures from other tissues of mesenchymal origin by their type of growth and cell function. 2.

THE FORM AND FUNCTION OF SYNOVIAL CELLS IN TISSUE CULTURES : I. MORPHOLOGY OF THE CELLS UNDER VARYING CONDITIONS.

A detailed description is given of the various forms assumed by synovial cells in tissue cultures under varying conditions. A discussion of correlation between different morphologic appearances and certain functions of the cells is deferred until the end of the next paper (17).

OBSERVATIONS ON ATTEMPTS TO PRODUCE ACUTE DISSEMINATED ENCEPHALOMYELITIS IN MONKEYS.

No evidence was found to support the idea that vaccine virus placed in the cisterna magna is capable of producing an acute disseminated encephalomyelitis with perivascular demyelination either in normal or in partially immune monkeys. A testicular extract (Reynals' factor) did not induce vaccine virus to cause an acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in monkeys. Repeated intramuscular injections of brain extracts and brain emulsions into eight monkeys were followed in two instances by an inflammatory reaction, accompanied by demyelination, in the central nervous system.

OBSERVATIONS ON THE IMMUNOLOGICAL RELATION OF POLIOMYELITIS TO LOUPING ILL.

The results of the work presented in the present paper show that louping ill and poliomyelitis immunologically are not closely related. Although relatively few experiments were performed, the data obtained were sufficiently decisive for our purposes. Certainly nothing was found to indicate that one might be able to immunize human beings against poliomyelitis by the use of louping ill virus.

FURTHER OBSERVATIONS ON THE CULTIVATION OF VACCINE VIRUS IN LIFELESS MEDIA.

We have made ten attempts to cultivate vaccine virus in tissue extracts prepared according to the method described by Eagles and Kordi (4). Renal, testicular, and chick embryo extracts were employed with a dermal strain of vaccine virus and with the Levaditi strain of neuro-vaccine virus. In no instance were we able to show that the virus multiplied in the extract media.

THE VALUE OF THE SKIN TEST WITH TYPE-SPECIFIC CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE IN THE SERUM TREATMENT OF TYPE I PNEUMOCOCCUS PNEUMONIA.

Skin tests were made with Type I S.S.S.

A SEROLOGICAL DIFFERENTIATION OF HUMAN AND OTHER GROUPS OF HEMOLYTIC STREPTOCOCCI.

1. All except two of 106 strains of hemolytic streptococci isolated from man, other animals, milk, and cheese have been classified into five groups, which bear a definite relationship to the sources of the cultures. These broad groups may be subdivided into specific types by methods discussed elsewhere.

FURTHER OBSERVATIONS ON THE USE OF PNEUMOCOCCUS EXTRACTS IN EFFECTING TRANSFORMATION OF TYPE IN VITRO.

Pneumococcus extracts highly active in inducing the in vitro transformation of the specific types of Pneumococcus have been prepared by dissolving S cells with sodium desoxycholate, precipitating the dissolved material in alcohol in which the bile salt remains soluble, and extracting the precipitate in salt solution. Further purification of these active extracts has been attained by the removal of considerable inactive material by charcoal adsorption and by reprecipitation of the adsorbed extract in alcohol or acetone. The importance of using young cultures for extraction, and of preventing autolysis during the preparation of the extracts, is emphasized.

OBSERVATIONS ON THE CULTIVATION OF VACCINE VIRUS IN LIFELESS MEDIA.

No evidence was obtained to indicate that vaccine virus is capable of multiplication in media consisting of serum, Tyrode's solution, and extracts of tissues. Kendall's K. medium is not suitable for the cultivation of vaccine virus.

INFECTIOUS MYXOMATOSIS (SANARELLI) IN PREGNANT RABBITS.

Pregnancy in rabbits alters the reactivity of the tissues to the virus of infectious myxomatosis. The livers of pregnant animals with the myxoma have a central acidophilic necrosis. Secondary lesions in the lungs are much more numerous and larger in the pregnant than in the non-gravid animals.

STUDIES ON THE QUANTITATIVE ACTION OF A SPECIFIC ENZYME IN TYPE III PNEUMOCOCCUS DERMAL INFECTION IN RABBITS.

The enzyme which specifically decomposes the capsular polysaccharide of Type III Pneumococcus must be used in certain definite amounts in order to bring about the recovery of rabbits infected intradermally with this organism. The experiments reported in this paper indicate that the minimal amounts of enzyme required bear a definite relationship to the severity of the infection as gauged by the number of pneumococci present in the circulating blood.

THE DEGREE OF COMPENSATORY RENAL HYPERTROPHY FOLLOWING UNILATERAL NEPHRECTOMY : I. THE INFLUENCE OF AGE.

Compensatory hypertrophy of the kidney in albino rats becomes less as age advances. There is a rapid decrease from 5 days to 60 days of age and then a slow diminution throughout adult life.

A VIRUS DISEASE OF PARROTS AND PARRAKEETS DIFFERING FROM PSITTACOSIS.

The virus of parrots and parrakeets discovered by Pacheco, Bier, and Meyer is unrelated to the agent causing psittacosis either in birds or in man. The virus is fairly species-specific and manifests itself chiefly by the production of areas of focal necrosis in the liver and acidophilic intranuclear inclusions in affected cells.

THE ANTIPNEUMOCOCCUS PROPERTIES OF NORMAL SWINE SERUM.

Certain interesting facts have been obtained regarding the action of normal swine serum, but in the light of present knowledge it is not easy to interpret them. It has been found that the normal serum possesses the property of protecting mice from infection with virulent pneumococci, and of agglutinating virulent S pneumococi and also avirulent R pneumococci. The protective action of the serum is specific, that is, absorption of the serum with pneumococci of one type removes or destroys only the property of the serum which is responsible for its protective action against pneumococci of that particular type, leaving the serum still active against pneumococci of other types.

REACTIONS OF RABBITS TO INTRACUTANEOUS INJECTIONS OF PNEUMOCOCCI AND THEIR PRODUCTS : VII. THE RELATION OF HYPERSENSITIVENESS TO LESIONS IN THE LUNGS OF RABBITS INFECTED WITH PNEUMOCOCCI.

1. The intratracheal injection of egg albumin or pneumococcus protein induces an inflammatory reaction in the lungs of rabbits previously inoculated with the respective antigen. 2.