Neoadjuvant treatment does not influence PD-L1 expression in stage III non-small-cell lung cancer: a retrospective analysis of tumor samples from the trials SAKK 16/96, 16/00, 16/01, and 16/14.

Background: The inclusion of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the treatment of operable stage III non-small-cell lung cancer is becoming a new standard. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) protein expression on tumor cells has emerged as the most important biomarker for sensitivity to ICIs targeting the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)-PD-L1 axis. Little is known about the impact of neoadjuvant treatment on PD-L1 expression.

Analgesia for the Bayesian Brain: How Predictive Coding Offers Insights Into the Subjectivity of Pain.

Purpose Of Review: In order to better treat pain, we must understand its architecture and pathways. Many modulatory approaches of pain management strategies are only poorly understood. This review aims to provide a theoretical framework of pain perception and modulation in order to assist in clinical understanding and research of analgesia and anesthesia.

The Effect of Perioperative Auditory Stimulation with Music on Procedural Pain: A Narrative Review.

Purpose Of Review: Music therapy has seen increasing applications in various medical fields over the last decades. In the vast range of possibilities through which music can relieve suffering, there is a risk that-given its efficacy-the physiological underpinnings are too little understood. This review provides evidence-based neurobiological concepts for the use of music in perioperative pain management.

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) and the Value of Early Detection.

Purpose Of Review: The goal of this narrative review is to describe the current understanding of the pathology of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS), as well as diagnostic standards and therapeutic options. We will then make the case for early recognition and management.

Recent Findings: CRPS remains an enigmatic pain syndrome, comprising several subtypes.

Cultural Framing and the Impact On Acute Pain and Pain Services.

Purpose Of Review: Optimal treatment requires a thorough understanding of all factors contributing to pain in the individual patient. In this review, we investigate the influence of cultural frameworks on pain experience and management.

Recent Findings: The loosely defined concept of culture in pain management integrates a predisposing set of diverse biological, psychological and social characteristics shared within a group.

Prevalence and risk factors of unruptured intracranial aneurysms in ischemic stroke patients - A global meta-analysis.

Background: Unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) have an estimated global prevalence of 2.8% in the adult population; however, UIA was identified among more than 10% of ischemic stroke patients. Many epidemiological studies and reviews have pointed to the presence of UIA among patients with ischemic stroke; yet, the extent of this association is not fully known.

Gum Chewing and Coffee Consumption but not Caffeine Intake Improve Bowel Function after Gastrointestinal Surgery: a Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.

Background: Postoperative ileus is common after gastrointestinal surgery. This network meta-analysis aimed to compare the effectiveness of gum chewing and coffee and caffeine intake on ileus-related outcomes.

Methods: A systematic literature review was performed to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing noninvasive treatments for ileus after gastrointestinal surgery.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients Utilizing Complementary Medicine at a Tertiary Referral Hospital in Eastern Switzerland.

Background: In 2012, the Cantonal Hospital of St. Gallen, a tertiary referral hospital in Eastern Switzerland, opened its Center for Integrative Medicine (ZIM). This study aims to characterize disease and treatment characteristics of adult patients treated at the ZIM.

Impact of Integrase Inhibitors on Cardiovascular Disease Events in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Starting Antiretroviral Therapy.

Background: Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) have been associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. We investigated the impact of starting INSTI-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) on CVD events among treatment-naïve people with human immunodeficiency virus using a target trial framework, which reduces the potential for confounding and selection bias.

Methods: We included Swiss HIV Cohort Study participants who were ART-naïve after May 2008, when INSTIs became available in Switzerland.

Development of a tool for palliative care needs assessment and intervention: mixed methods research at a Swiss tertiary oncology clinic.

Background: Palliative care interventions improve quality-of-life for advanced cancer patients and their caregivers. The frequency and quality of service provision could be improved by a clinical tool that helps oncology professionals to assess unmet needs for palliative care interventions and to structure the interventions delivered. This paper aims to answer the following research question: what do oncology professionals and cancer patients view as important elements in a clinical tool for assessing unmet palliative care needs? Based on the feedback from professionals and patients, we developed and refined an intervention-focused clinical tool for use in cancer care.

Efficacy of the Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists Liraglutide and Semaglutide for the Treatment of Weight Regain After Bariatric surgery: a Retrospective Observational Study.

Purpose: Weight regain after bariatric surgery occurs in up to a third of patients and reduces treatment-associated health benefits. The efficacy of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RA) for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity is well established, but their role in the treatment of weight regain after bariatric surgery remains to be defined.

Materials And Methods: This was a single centre retrospective observational study conducted at a Swiss bariatric reference centre.

Prevalence of medically induced psychological trauma and its influence on women's health.

Objective: The aim of the present study was three-fold. One, to assess the prevalence of medical traumatization in outpatients of a gynecologic department; two, to analyze the relationship of medical traumatization with adverse childhood events; and three, to investigate the extent to which medical traumatization affects the health outcomes of woman.

Methods: Between January and September 2022, a prospective cross-sectional study recruited patients of a gynecologic outpatient clinic at St.

Identification of Risk Factors for Sexual Dysfunction after Multimodal Therapy of Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer and Their Impact on Quality of Life: A Single-Center Trial.

Purpose: Sexual function is crucial for the quality of life and can be highly affected by preoperative therapy and surgery. The aim of this study was to identify potential risk factors for poor sexual function and quality of life.

Methods: Female patients were asked to complete the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI-6).

Viral Mimicry Response Is Associated With Clinical Outcome in Pleural Mesothelioma.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate endogenous retrovirus (ERV) expression and type I interferon (IFN) activation in human pleural mesothelioma (PM) and their association with clinical outcome.

Methods: The expression of ERV was determined from PM cohorts and mesothelial precursor RNA sequencing data. The expression of ERV was confirmed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).

Accuracy of Point-of-care Ultrasound in Diagnosing Acute Appendicitis During Pregnancy.

Introduction: Acute appendicitis is the most common non-obstetrical surgical emergency in pregnancy. Ultrasound is the imaging tool of choice, but its use is complicated due to anatomical changes during pregnancy and depends on the clinician's expertise. In this study, our aim was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) in suspected appendicitis in pregnant women.

Expanding the indications for measurement of objective functional impairment in spine surgery: A pilot study of four patients with diseases affecting the spinal cord.

•The TUG test and the 6WT are feasible to apply in ambulatory patients with spinal cord affection.•The objective measurement of functional impairment resembled the functional status of four patients in this pilot study.•The TUG test and the 6WT may detect and quantify functional decline and/or improvement resulting from spinal cord affection.

The association of patient age with postoperative morbidity and mortality following resection of intracranial tumors.

Introduction: The postoperative functional status of patients with intracranial tumors is influenced by patient-specific factors, including age.

Research Question: This study aimed to elucidate the association between age and postoperative morbidity or mortality following the resection of brain tumors.

Material And Methods: A multicenter database was retrospectively reviewed.

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Replication During Tenofovir Therapy Is Frequent in Human Immunodeficiency Virus/HBV Coinfection.

In the Swiss HIV Cohort Study, 61 of 222 (27%) HIV-suppressed persons with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection had HBV replication after 2 years on tenofovir, of whom 77% were suppressed thereafter. Self-reported adherence to therapy and HBV viral load at tenofovir initiation were predictors of persistent replication.

Trends in pancreatic surgery in Switzerland: a survey and nationwide analysis over two decades.

Background: Centralisation of highly specialised medicine (HSM) has changed practice and outcome in pancreatic surgery (PS) also in Switzerland. Fewer hospitals are allowed to perform pancreatic surgery according to nationally defined cut-offs.

Objective: We aimed to examine trends in PS in Switzerland.

Object-centered sensorimotor bias of torque control in the chronic stage following stroke.

When lifting objects whose center of mass (CoM) are not centered below the handle one must compensate for arising external torques already at lift-off to avoid object tilt. Previous studies showed that finger force scaling during object lifting may be impaired at both hands following stroke. However, torque control in object manipulation has not yet been studied in patients with stroke.