Artificial intelligence in vascular surgical decision making.

Despite advances in prevention, detection, and treatment, cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of mortality and represents a major health problem worldwide. Artificial intelligence and machine learning have brought new insights to the management of vascular diseases by allowing analysis of huge and complex datasets and by offering new techniques to develop advanced imaging analysis. Artificial intelligence-based applications have the potential to improve prognostic evaluation and evidence-based decision making and contribute to vascular therapeutic decision making.

Artificial intelligence-based predictive models in vascular diseases.

Cardiovascular disease represents a source of major health problems worldwide, and although medical and technical advances have been achieved, they are still associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Personalized medicine would benefit from novel tools to better predict individual prognosis and outcomes after intervention. Artificial intelligence (AI) has brought new insights to cardiovascular medicine, especially with the use of machine learning techniques that allow the identification of hidden patterns and complex associations in health data without any a priori assumptions.

Comprehensive Review of Natural Language Processing (NLP) in Vascular Surgery.

Objective: The use of Natural Language Processing (NLP) has attracted increased interest in healthcare with various potential applications including identification and extraction of health information, development of chatbots and virtual assistants. The aim of this comprehensive literature review was to provide an overview of NLP applications in vascular surgery, identify current limitations, and discuss future perspectives in the field.

Data Sources: The MEDLINE database was searched on April 2023.

Machine Learning and Omics Analysis in Aortic Aneurysm.

Aortic aneurysm is a life-threatening condition and mechanisms underlying its formation and progression are still incompletely understood. Omics approach has brought new insights to identify a broad spectrum of biomarkers and better understand cellular and molecular pathways involved. Omics generate a large amount of data and several studies have highlighted that artificial intelligence (AI) and techniques such as machine learning (ML)/deep learning (DL) can be of use in analyzing such complex datasets.

Natural Language Processing for Literature Search in Vascular Surgery: A Pilot Study Testing an Artificial Intelligence Based Application.

Introduction: The use of natural language processing (NLP) for a literature search has been poorly investigated in vascular surgery so far. The aim of this pilot study was to test the applicability of an artificial intelligence (AI) based mobile application for literature searching in a topic related to vascular surgery.

Technique: A focused scientific question was defined to evaluate the performance of the AI application for a literature search and compare the results with the ground truth provided via a traditional literature search performed by human experts.

Editor's Choice - Long Term Outcomes After Invasive Treatment of Carotid Artery Stenosis: a Longitudinal Study of German Health Insurance Claims.

Objective: There is a paucity of observational data including long term outcomes after invasive treatment for carotid artery stenosis.

Methods: This retrospective study used nationwide insurance claims from the third largest provider in Germany, DAK-Gesundheit. Patients who underwent inpatient carotid endarterectomy (CEA) or carotid artery stenting (CAS) between 1 January 2008 and 31 May 2017 were included.

Automatic Detection of Visceral Arterial Aneurysms on Computed Tomography Angiography Using Artificial Intelligence Based Segmentation of the Vascular System.

Introduction: Visceral arterial aneurysms (VAAs) are life threatening. Due to the paucity of symptoms and rarity of the disease, VAAs are underdiagnosed and underestimated. Artificial intelligence (AI) offers new insights into segmentation of the vascular system, and opportunities to better detect VAAs.

Nationwide Study in France To Predict One Year Major Bleeding and Validate the OAC3-PAD Score in Patients Undergoing Revascularisation for Lower Extremity Arterial Disease.

Objective: Antithrombotic strategies are currently recommended for the treatment of lower extremity artery disease (LEAD) but specific scores to assess the risk of bleeding in these patients are scarce. To fill the gap, the OAC3-PAD bleeding score was recently developed and validated in German cohorts. The aim of this study was to determine whether this score performs appropriately in another real world nationwide cohort.

Study Protocol of a Prospective Multicenter Observational Study Evaluating Acute Lower Limb Ischemia.

Introduction: Acute lower limb ischemia (ALI) is a limb- and potentially life-threatening condition which requires urgent evaluation and treatment. Contemporary data on optimal therapy and prognosis of ALI are lacking, while surgical, hybrid, and foremost endovascular techniques have rapidly evolved over the past decades. Available clinical guidelines are not based on high-level evidence and do not fully reflect day-do-day practice.

Telemedicine and Digital Health Applications in Vascular Surgery.

Background: Telemedicine has the potential to revolutionize healthcare. While the development of digital health technologies for the management of patients with cardiovascular diseases has been increasingly reported, applications in vascular surgery have been far less specifically investigated. The aim of this review is to summarize applications related to telemedicine in vascular surgery, highlighting expected benefits, current limits and future directions.

Antithrombotic Treatment Patterns of Patients with Symptomatic Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease in Germany: Evidence from Health Insurance Claims Data.

Objectives: Patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) are at risk of worsening limb symptoms, major adverse cardiovascular events and exhibit an impaired life expectancy. There is a lack of evidence on the extent of pharmacological secondary prevention in PAOD patients. This study assesses treatment patterns of antithrombotic agents in symptomatic PAOD patients.

e-Health in Vascular Diseases: Integrating Digital Innovation in Everyday Clinical Practice.

Healthcare systems are confronted with major challenges [...

Applications of artificial intelligence for patients with peripheral artery disease.

Objective: Applications of artificial intelligence (AI) have been reported in several cardiovascular diseases but its interest in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) has been so far less reported. The aim of this review was to summarize current knowledge on applications of AI in patients with PAD, to discuss current limits, and highlight perspectives in the field.

Methods: We performed a narrative review based on studies reporting applications of AI in patients with PAD.

A pilot study investigating the feasibility of using a fully automatic software to assess the RENAL and PADUA score.

Purpose: Image-based morphometric scoring systems such as the RENAL and PADUA scores are useful to evaluate the complexity of partial nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The main aim of this study was to develop a new imaging software to enable an automatic detection and a 3D visualization of RCC from CT angiography (CTA) and to address the feasibility to use it to evaluate the features of the RENAL and the PADUA scores.

Methods: A training dataset of 210 patients CTA-scans manually segmented was used to train a deep learning algorithm to develop the automatic detection and 3D-visualization of RCC.

Impact of Female Sex on Outcomes of Patients Undergoing Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Aneurysm Repair: A Ten-Year Retrospective Nationwide Study in France.

The impact of sex on the outcomes of patients with cardiovascular disease is still incompletely understood. The aim of this nationwide multicenter observational study was to investigate the impact of sex on post-operative outcomes in patients undergoing thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) for intact thoracic aortic aneurysm (iTAA). The French National Health Insurance Information System was searched to identify these patients over a ten-year retrospective period.

Automatic Measurement of Vascular Calcifications in Patients with Aorto-Iliac Occlusive Disease to Predict the Risk of Re-intervention After Endovascular Repair.

Background: There is currently a lack of consensus and tools to easily measure vascular calcification using computed tomography angiography (CTA). The aim of this study was to develop a fully automatic software to measure calcifications and to evaluate the interest as predictive factor in patients with aorto-iliac occlusive disease.

Methods: This study retrospectively included 171 patients who had endovascular repair of an aorto-iliac occlusive lesion at the University Hospital of Nice between January 2011 and December 2019.