Epidemiology and outcome of infantile spasms in Denmark in 1996-2019.

Purpose: To investigate the treatment of infantile epileptic spasm syndrome (IESS) in Denmark.

Methods: National retrospective cohort study of all patients born 1996-2019 who had a diagnosis of IESS in the National Patient Registry. Medical records were reviewed to evaluate the diagnosis.

Imaging of odontogenic keratocysts: a pictorial review.

Introduction: The aim of the present article was to review and depict the main radiological features of odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs), thus helping the differential diagnoses from other odontogenic cysts and neoplasms.

Evidence Acquisition: A review of articles published between January 2000 and October 2020 using Medline and the MeSH Term "odontogenic keratocyst" in combination with the following terms "imaging," "radiology," "panoramic radiograph," and "computed tomography," was performed.

Evidence Synthesis: Radiographically, OKCs are well-defined unilocular or multilocular radiolucencies bounded by corticated margins.

Metronomic treatment of vinorelbine with oral capecitabine is tolerable in the randomized Phase 2 study XeNa including patients with HER2 non-amplified metastatic breast cancer.

Background: Metronomic treatment is hypothesized to be less toxic and more effective as compared to standard maximal tolerable dosing treatment in metastatic cancer disease.

Material And Methods: We tested the metronomic treatment principle with vinorelbine in a randomized phase 2 setting combined with standard capecitabine treatment in the XeNa trial with Clinical Trials.gov identifier number: NCT0141771.

Maintenance of indwelling urinary catheters with a novel polyhexanide-based solution: user experience.

Background: Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) can significantly affect patients' quality of life and increase healthcare costs.

Aims: This study aimed to capture patients' and nurses' experience of catheter maintenance using a polyhexanide-based solution (PS) in everyday practice.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of data was collected for a product evaluation.

Pulsed dye laser followed by intradermal botulinum toxin type-A in the treatment of rosacea-associated erythema and flushing.

Rosacea is a common inflammatory skin disease characterized by erythema, episodes of flushing, and inflammatory lesions. It typically affects the face and is more prevalent among fair skin individuals affecting women more than men. Various treatments are available for rosacea with light-based therapies commonly used in the management of erythema.

A Nano-Dose Protocol For Cobb Angle Assessment in Children With Scoliosis: Results of a Phantom-based and Clinically Validated Study.

Study Design: This was a prospective validation study with technical notes.

Objective: This study aimed to validate a new ultra-low-dose full-spine protocol for reproducible Cobb angle measurements-the "nano-dose" protocol.

Summary Of Background Data: Scoliosis is a 3-dimensional (3D) deformity of the spine characterized by 3D clinical parameters.

A reduced micro-dose protocol for 3D reconstruction of the spine in children with scoliosis: results of a phantom-based and clinically validated study using stereo-radiography.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to validate the reproducibility of 3D reconstructions of the spine using a new reduced micro-dose protocol.

Methods: First, semi-quantitative image analysis was performed using an anthropomorphic child phantom undergoing low-dose biplanar radiography. This analysis was used to establish a "lowest dose" allowing for acceptable visibility of spinal landmarks.

Evaluation of intraoperative glove change in prevention of postoperative cerebrospinal fluid shunt infections, and the predictors of shunt infection.

Background: We have previously suggested that surgical gloves could be a possible means for transferring microorganisms from skin flora to shunt material during surgery. The objectives of this study were to examine (1) whether the rate of shunt infections was reduced after introducing intraoperative glove change before handling the shunt material; (2) clinical presentation of shunt infections, microbiological data, and treatment management; and (3) predictors of shunt infections.

Methods: A retrospective study of 432 shunt operations in 295 adults was undertaken over a 7-year period.

Bacterial contamination of surgeons gloves during shunt insertion: a pilot study.

Bacterial infection is a major cause of shunt dysfunction. It is well-known that the majority of pathogenic micro-organisms are low-virulent bacteria normally found on intact skin. Probably shunts become contaminated during surgery either by contact to the patient skin, or contact from contaminated gloves or instruments.

Bilateral Wyburn-Mason syndrome presenting as acute subarachnoid haemorrhage - a very rare congenital neurocutaneous [corrected] disorder.

A 30 year old young male was admitted to our department after experiencing clinical symptoms of a subarachnoid haemorrhage. Imaging studies revealed large cerebral AVMs. Fundus examination of the left eye demonstrated a retinal racemose AVM almost completely covering the posterior pole of the eye.

Therapeutic effect of turquoise versus blue light with equal irradiance in preterm infants with jaundice.

Aim: To compare the efficiency of turquoise light with that of TL52 blue in treatment of preterm infants with jaundice at the same level of body irradiance.

Methods: Infants with gestational age 28-37 weeks and non-haemolytic hyperbilirubinemia were treated for 24 h with either turquoise light (OSRAM L18W/860 fluorescent lamps) or blue light (Philips TL20W/52 fluorescent lamps). The concentrations of serum total bilirubin and bilirubin isomers were measured by the Vitros routine method and by HPLC, respectively.

Stereotactic electrical stimulation of the pontine micturition centre in the pig.

Objective: To apply stereotactic electrical stimulation of the pig brainstem and thus identify a pontine micturition centre.

Materials And Methods: In 10 anaesthetized female Vietnamese minipigs a needle-electrode was positioned in the pontine region. Pressure responses in the lower urinary tract identified the micturition centre functionally during electrical stimulation.

Randomized clinical trial of the effect of pneumoperitoneum on cardiac function and haemodynamics during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Background: Conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy (CLC) with carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum may cause major cardiovascular changes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum and positional changes on haemodynamics and cardiac function in patients assigned randomly to CLC or gasless laparoscopic cholecystectomy (GLC).

Methods: Fifty patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I and II were randomly allocated to CLC (28 patients) or GLC (22).

Spinal epidural abscesses: conservative treatment for selected subgroups of patients.

The aim of this study was to emphasize the importance of non-surgical treatment for subgroups of patients with spinal epidural abscesses (SEA). From 1988 to 2000, thirty cases of epidural spinal abscesses were retrospectively included in the study. The records and radiological studies were evaluated.

Phototherapy with turquoise versus blue light.

Preterm jaundiced infants were treated by phototherapy with a new turquoise fluorescent lamp. This was more effective in reducing plasma total bilirubin in relation to light irradiance than the ubiquitously used blue fluorescent lamp.

Hyperhomocysteinemia in rheumatoid arthritis: influence of methotrexate treatment and folic acid supplementation.

Objective: To examine the effect of methotrexate (MTX) and folic acid supplementation on the homocysteine level in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: A cross sectional study was performed in 81 patients with RA, comprising a standardized clinical interview, an examination, and a blood specimen test.

Results: P-homocysteine tended to be lower in 41 patients receiving MTX, compared with 40 patients not receiving MTX.

Reduced medication and normalization of vascular structure, but continued hypertension in renovascular patients after revascularization.

Objective: The effect of invasive treatment of renal artery stenosis on the use of antihypertensive medication, blood pressure, and morphology and function of resistance arteries was investigated in 14 renovascular hypertensive patients before and after treatment compared to normotensive controls.

Methods: Use of antihypertensive medication was calculated as defined daily doses (DDD). Resistance arteries were taken from gluteal subcutaneous biopsies and analyzed in a myograph.

Multiple sclerosis and organic solvents.

We investigated a possible causal relation between exposure to organic solvents in Danish workers (housepainters, typographers/printers, carpenters/cabinetmakers) and onset of multiple sclerosis. Data on men included in the Danish Multiple Sclerosis Register (3,241 men) were linked with data from the 1970 census from the National Bureau of Statistics in Denmark, which has data on occupational status for 1,768,846 men between 15 and 74 years of age. From this census, we ascertained a group of 124,766 "solvent-exposed" men and an "unexposed" group of 87,501 male electricians, bricklayers, and butchers.

Neonatal vitamin K prophylaxis in Denmark: three years' experience with oral administration during the first three months of life compared with one oral administration at birth.

A Danish surveillance group established after the introduction of oral vitamin K prophylaxis monitored Danish cases with late onset vitamin K deficiency bleeding by regular questionnaires to all paediatric departments. Six cases were reported, one of whom died and three are severely handicapped. All cases occurred among an estimated 134,500 infants given a single oral 1 mg vitamin K dose at birth.

The risk of male subfecundity attributable to welding of metals. Studies of semen quality, infertility, fertility, adverse pregnancy outcome and childhood malignancy.

These studies were initiated by the results of two Danish investigations of infertility clients, which indicated the reduced fecundity of male metal welders. The objective was to refute or corroborate the effects of welding on male reproductive capability and--if there was any effect--to identify the causal exposures. The initial hypothesis postulated reduced spermatogenesis, spontaneous abortion, congenital malformation and childhood malignancy following exposure to hexavalent chromium among stainless steel welders.

The risk of bilirubin encephalopathy, as estimated by plasma parameters, in neonates strongly suspected of having sepsis.

The study comprises 18 mature newborns, strongly suspected of having sepsis, and a control group of 18 mature, healthy newborns with the same postnatal age. The object of the investigation was to compare the risk of development of bilirubin encephalopathy between the two groups, as estimated by plasma parameters. The sepsis group had significantly lower reserve albumin concentration for binding of MADDS (p < 0.

The possible risk of bilirubin encephalopathy as predicted by plasma parameters in neonates with previous severe asphyxia.

The study group consisted of nine mature newborn infants with a previous history of severe asphyxia and a control group of 18 mature, healthy newborns with the same postnatal age and sex. The object of the investigation was to compare the possible risk of development of bilirubin encephalopathy between the two groups as estimated by plasma parameters. The asphyxia group had a significantly lower reserve albumin concentrations for binding of monoacetyldiaminodiphenyl sulphone (P = 0.

Reduced albumin binding of MADDS--a measure of bilirubin binding--during pregnancy and delivery.

It was the purpose of the present study to investigate whether the decrease in the ability of plasma albumin to bind bilirubin, noted in pregnancy and during delivery, takes place in one step, during pregnancy alone, or in two steps, during both pregnancy and delivery. Furthermore, it was investigated whether a possible decrease during labor was related to the method of delivery itself. The material comprised (a) 17 pregnant women who delivered vaginally; (b) 25 women who were delivered by Cesarean Section; and (c) a group of 25 non-pregnant women.

Sex hormones and semen quality in welders exposed to hexavalent chromium.

Recent experimental studies in rodents document the spermatotoxic effects of water-soluble hexavalent chromium. Welders comprise, worldwide, a major occupational group with acknowledged exposure to chromium. This study examines the relationship between semen quality and chromium in the urine and blood of a population of 30 tungsten inert gas (TIG) stainless steel welders, 30 mild steel welders and 47 non-welding workers.