[Use and outcomes of antioxidant therapy in ophthalmic practice].

Advances in medical diagnostic technologies, particularly in ophthalmology, help researchers understand histological characteristics of the human eye and study vision at the cellular level. In addition to its role in the ocular function associated with the control of movements, senses and protective responses, the nervous system plays a key role in regulation of the visual process. Neurodegenerative disorders hold a special place among systemic diseases.

[Optimization of rehabilitation of elderly and senile patients with primary traumatic dislocation of the shoulder.].

Тhe aim of the study is to improve the treatment outcomes of elderly patients with primary traumatic shoulder dislocation by developing an atraumatic rehabilitation method. The study included 56 patients aged over 60 years with primary traumatic dislocation of the shoulder. The patients of the first group (29 patients) after the dislocation of the shoulder was corrected, functional treatment was performed using orthoses and a developed course of physical therapy.

Septic arthritis of the hand: Current issues of etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment.

Septic arthritis of the hand is a serious disease that often results in dysfunction of the joint or even the need to perform amputation of the finger. They rank second in the frequency of occurrence after lesions of the knee joint. Many points concerning the etiology, the timing of the development of cartilage destruction and the development of osteomyelitis, approaches to surgical treatment, the duration of antibiotic therapy, and the start of rehabilitation measures remain the subject of numerous discussions.

The Influence of ABCB1 (rs1045642 and rs4148738) Gene Polymorphisms on Rivaroxaban Pharmacokinetics in Patients Aged 80 Years and Older with Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation.

Introduction: ABCB1 gene polymorphisms are associated with rivaroxaban distribution changes and adverse reactions but the data are controversial.

Aim: To evaluate the influence of ABCB1 (rs1045642 and rs4148738) gene polymorphisms on rivaroxaban pharmacokinetics in patients aged 80 years and older with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NAF).

Methods: 128 patients aged 80 years and older (median [Me] age 87.

[A multidisciplinary approach in the treatment of elderly and senile patients with complications of colon cancer.].

The article presents the results of treatment of elderly and senile patients with complications of colon cancer, in whose perioperative management a multidisciplinary approach was used. The peculiarity of patients in older age groups, caused by polymorbidity, the phenomenon of mutual complication, requires the use of a non-standard approach in the treatment of complicated colon cancer, since the latter is accompanied by negative results. A comparative analysis of the results of treatment of 289 elderly and senile patients with complicated colon cancer by the traditional method and using a multidisciplinary approach was carried out.

Mental disorders as an indication for surgical treatment of drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy.

This study recruited 82 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE): 41 men and 41 women, who underwent an open epilepsy surgery to remove the epileptic focus from 1963 to 1970. The patients before surgery were divided into two groups: group I included 49 patients with minor mental disorders and group II included 33 patients with major mental disorders. Features of mental disorders in patients with monotemporal lobe epilepsy were identified.

[Structure and main stages of the process of long-term state support by the state of elderly generation.].

The article deals with the problem of modeling the process of providing the state support aimed senior citizens. Its structuring is substantiated with the allocation of individual modules - functional stages and the relevant typed statuses of patients. The influence of the main groups of factors on the formation of personal packages of services, including medical, social, psychological and educational components, is considered.

MicroRNAs as novel biomarkers for rivaroxaban therapeutic drug monitoring.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess micro-RNAs miR-142 and miR-39 as potential biomarkers for drug-monitoring of rivaroxaban among elderly patients with atrial fibrillation.

Methods: The study involved 57 patients with median (ME) age 87 years [80-94 years old] with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation admitted to a multidisciplinary hospital in Moscow. High-performance liquid chromatography with mass-spectrometry detection (HPLC-MS) was carried out to measure rivaroxaban concentrations.

Frostbite of the upper extremities: Hot issues in diagnosis and surgical treatment (review).

Background: Frostbite is a severe thermal injury, which characterized by tissue necrosis with a high percentage of amputations, disability of patients.

Methods: According to the databases Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, E-library down to 2001-2021 the search for works related to the problem of diagnosis, treatment of frostbite of the upper extremities was made. Actual possibilities of diagnostics, the questions of classification, treatment of frostbite, including the features of plastic surgery operations used to close hand defects after excision of necrotic tissues have been analyzed.

Biomarkers in PTSD-susceptible and resistant veterans with war experience of more than ten years ago: FOCUS ON cortisol, thyroid hormones, testosterone and GABA.

In the present study we measured the concentrations of cortisol, thyroid hormones, testosterone, and GABA (gamma aminobutyric acid) in am blood plasma samples of combatants with an at least 10 year history of military psychological trauma (N = 74) divided in groups that either suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (N = 37) or are resistant (N = 37) as well as in a control group without traumatic experience in the anamnesis, (N = 34). PTSD symptoms were assessed using the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS). The results show that the am blood cortisol levels of individuals that were exposed to war zone experiences irrespective susceptibility for or resistance to PTSD were significantly higher than the values observed in the controls.

[Optimization of trauma care to victims of older age groups with fractures of the proximal femur.].

The objective of the study was to improve the treatment outcome of patients of older age groups with fractures of the proximal femur by developing an algorithm for providing medical care while taking into account the nature of a fracture and the comorbid background of a patient. The article describes approaches to the choice of tactics and techniques of medical assistance to patients of older age groups with fractures of the proximal femur. 4 491 patients with fractures of the proximal femur who had been treated at the Hospital for War Veterans in Saint Petersburg from 2010 to 2019 were included for analysis.

[Analysis of disability among the elderly and senile on the example of the Rostov region.].

The article analyzes the dynamics of the main indicators of disability among people older than working age in the Rostov region. The trend decline in surveys of persons in this age group, including reducing the number of first and repeatedly recognized as disabled, on the background of growth in the region's population share of persons above working age. At the same time, there was an increase in accumulated disability.

Candidate Genes of Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Energy Metabolism in Athletes.

All biological processes associated with high sports performance, including energy metabolism, are influenced by genetics. DNA sequence variations in such genes, single nucleotide variants (SNVs), could confer genetic advantages that can be exploited to achieve optimal athletic performance. Ignorance of these features can create genetic "barriers" that prevent professional athletes from pursuing a career in sports.

[Laparoscopic ONLAY ureteroplasty using buccal mucosa graft for long recurrent stricture of the upper third of the ureter].

Long strictures of the upper third of the ureter are most often recurrent and occur after endourological and reconstructive procedures. The lack of native tissues and an impossibility of substitution by bowel segment in some cases dictates the use of alternative surgical techniques. Our first experience of laparoscopic onlay ureteroplasty using buccal graft for long stricture of the upper third of the ureter is described in the article.

[Efficacy and safety of magnet therapy using portable device for knee osteoarthritis. 55-week double-blind study results].

Unlabelled: Instrumental physiotherapeutic treatment using portable devices is optimal for patients with rheumatic diseases due to the devices' greater accessibility. However, there are still issues concerning the efficacy of physical factors generated by portable equipment in osteoarthritis (OA), mostly due to the limited evidence.

Objective: To study the efficacy and safety of long-term use of the portable magnet therapy device ALMAG+ () in knee OA (KOA).

[Risk and course of COVID-19 in patients with Parkinson's disease].

The article provides an overview of the data on the impact of Parkinson's disease on the risk of infection and the course of COVID-19, and also assesses the possible pathogenetic relationship between the SARS-CoV-2 virus, COVID-19 and PD. By penetrating the central nervous system, SARS-CoV-2 can cause not only neurological symptoms, but also exacerbate the course of an existing neurological disease. The impact of Parkinson's disease on the risk of infection and the course of COVID-19 is controversial.

[Endoscopic treatment of choledocholithiasis in patients over 80 years old].

Objective: To analyze endoscopic treatment of choledocholithiasis in patients over 80 years old.

Material And Methods: A single-center retrospective study included 90 consecutive patients aged ≥80 years and 58 patients aged 60-79 years. Early outcomes including efficacy of calculus removal, incidence of complications and their risk factors were evaluated.

The Role of Polymorphisms in Collagen-Encoding Genes in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration.

(1) Background: The purpose of this review is to analyze domestic and foreign studies on the role of collagen-encoding genes polymorphism in the development of intervertebral discs (IVDs) degeneration in humans. (2) Methods: We have carried out a search for full-text articles published in e-Library, PubMed, Oxford Press, Clinical Case, Springer, Elsevier and Google Scholar databases. The search was carried out using keywords and their combinations.

[The particular medical social problems of individuals of elderly and senile age as exemplified by the Rostov Oblast].

The article analyzes dynamics of main indices of disability in population older than able-bodied age in the Rostov Oblast. The trend of decreasing of scope of examinations of individuals of the mentioned age group, including decreasing the number of first and iteratively recognized as the disabled, against the background of increasing in the population structure of percentage of individuals older than able-bodied age. At the same time, increasing of accumulated disability was established in the studied category of population.

[Some aspects of improving the medical and social rehabilitation of the elderly who permanently live in general-type boarding schools.].

The article reflects the age and gender structure of the contingent of elderly people living in a General boarding house. The most common diseases in this category of persons, the presence of a disability group and individual programs for rehabilitation (habilitation) of the disabled person were established. The need for medical care, including medicines, was studied.

Interim Results of the BYHEART Observational Study: Exogenous Phosphocreatine Effect on the Quality of life of Patients with Chronic Heart Failure.

Aim      Improvement of quality of life is one of the most important goals for the treatment of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). This study searched for ways to increase the efficiency of CHF treatment based on parameters of quality of life in CHF patients during and after the treatment with exogenous phosphocreatine (EP).Material and methods  The effect of a single course of EP treatment on quality of life of patients with functional class (FC) II-IV CHF with reduced or mid-range left ventricular ejection fraction was studied as a part of the all-Russia prospective observational study BYHEART.

MicroRNAs as novel biomarkers for rivaroxaban therapeutic drug monitoring.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess micro-RNAs miR-142 and miR-39 as potential biomarkers for drug-monitoring of rivaroxaban among elderly patients with atrial fibrillation.

Methods: The study involved 57 patients with median (ME) age 87 years [80-94 years old] with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation admitted to a multidisciplinary hospital in Moscow. High-performance liquid chromatography with mass-spectrometry detection (HPLC-MS) was carried out to measure rivaroxaban concentrations.

Hypoxia - as a Possible Regulator of the Activity of Epicardial Mesothelial Cells After Myocardial Infarction.

Aim      To study the effect of hypoxia on the activity of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in epicardial cells, which provides formation of a specialized microenvironment.Material and methods   This study used a model of experimental myocardial infarction created by ligation of the anterior descendent coronary artery. The activity of epicardial cells after a hypoxic exposure was studied with the hypoxia marker, pimonidazole, bromodeoxyuridine, immunofluorescent staining of heart cryosections, and in vitro mesothelial cell culture.

[Loss of masticatory apparatus integrity - Disability or Disablement.].

We examined 408 patients (151 male, 257 female) in an age range from 54 to 85 years (mean age 73,9±4,9) performing clinical (anamnesis, visual analysis, palpation, percussion, auscultation) sociological (GOHAI), additional (chewing efficiency evaluation, phonetic analysis, weight deficit of body calculation, OPG, CBCT) assessment. Among 322 of examined subjects working syndromological diagnosis was «decompensated dentition» related to lower jaw in 167 cases, 65 to upper jaw, 90 to both upper and lower jaws (altogether 412 dental arches). Chewing efficiency among edentulous patients was low considering that majority of patients had dentures.

Prospects for the Personalized Multimodal Therapy Approach to Pain Management via Action on NO and NOS.

Chronic pain syndromes are an important medical problem generated by various molecular, genetic, and pathophysiologic mechanisms. Back pain, neuropathic pain, and posttraumatic pain are the most important pathological processes associated with chronic pain in adults. Standard approaches to the treatment of them do not solve the problem of pain chronicity.