[Morpheiform sarcoidosis as atypical manifestation of sarcoidosis. Review of the literature and differential diagnosis].

Sarcoidosis is an idiopathic multisystem granulomatous disease that commonly involves the skin in 25% of affected patients. Because lesions assume a vast array of morphologies, a classification dividing them into specific (with presence of typical granulomas in the biopsy) or nonspecific (not containing granulomas) has been proposed. In the first group the variant morpheaform is considered exceptional.

Comorbidity of personality disorders and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults.

Introduction: A high comorbidity has been observed among attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and categorical personality disorders (PD). A study is conducted on the dimensional traits associated with ADHD and PD, in order to determine whether there are any differences.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 78 outpatients attending a Mental Health Clinic in Arganda (Madrid) from January 2013 to June 2015.

Effect of Peritoneal Lavage with Clindamycin-Gentamicin Solution on Post-Operative Pain and Analytic Acute-Phase Reactants after Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy.

Background: Peritoneal lavage has been proposed to remove bacterial contamination and other materials promoting bacterial proliferation and pro-inflammatory cytokines that may enhance local inflammation. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of peritoneal lavage with physiologic saline or an antibiotic solution (clindamycin-gentamicin) on post-operative pain and analytic acute-phase reactants and to determine the microbiologic impact of both irrigations on peritoneal contamination in patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) as a bariatric procedure.

Methods: The patients were randomized into two groups: Those undergoing an intra-abdominal lavage with physiologic saline (Group 1; n = 40) and those undergoing a similar lavage with a gentamicin-clindamycin solution (Group 2; n = 40).

Quality of life in patients with food allergy.

Food allergy has increased in developed countries and can have a dramatic effect on quality of life, so as to provoke fatal reactions. We aimed to outline the socioeconomic impact that food allergy exerts in this kind of patients by performing a complete review of the literature and also describing the factors that may influence, to a greater extent, the quality of life of patients with food allergy and analyzing the different questionnaires available. Hitherto, strict avoidance of the culprit food(s) and use of emergency medications are the pillars to manage this condition.

[Bullous dermatosis at distant sites in patients treated with heparin].

Since Perrinaud in 2006 first described three patients with hemorrhagic bullae in relation to the use of heparins, numerous cases have been published. Currently, this entity has been established as a clearly defined pathology. We review all reported cases, diagnostic features and features that differentiate it from other skin manifestations caused by heparin having a worse prognosis and requiring a precise identification.

Association between Triclosan-Coated Sutures for Abdominal Wall Closure and Incisional Surgical Site Infection after Open Surgery in Patients Presenting with Fecal Peritonitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: A factor that may influence the incidence of surgical site infections (SSIs) is the suture used for closure of the abdominal wall because bacteria may adhere to the suture material. Sutures can be coated with antibacterial substances that may reduce the bacterial load in the incision.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of triclosan-coated sutures used in abdominal wall closure in patients with fecal peritonitis.

Centenarians and their hearts: A prospective registry with comprehensive geriatric assessment, electrocardiogram, echocardiography, and follow-up.

Background: Data on the cardiac characteristics of centenarians are scarce. Our aim was to describe electrocardiogram (ECG) and echocardiography in a cohort of centenarians and to correlate them with clinical data.

Methods: We used prospective multicenter registry of 118 centenarians (28 men) with a mean age of 101.

Comorbidity and intervention in octogenarians with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis.

Background: The benefit from intervention in elderly patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis (AS) and high comorbidity is unknown. Our aims were to establish the correlation between the Charlson comorbidity index and the prognosis of octogenarians with symptomatic sever AS and to identify patients who might not benefit from intervention.

Methods: We used the data from PEGASO (Pronóstico de la Estenosis Grave Aórtica Sintomática del Octogenario--Prognosis of symptomatic severe aortic stenosis in octogenarians), a prospective registry that included consecutively 928 patients aged ≥ 80 years with severe symptomatic AS.

[Neurological health care activity in a recently created district hospital: model of high efficiency].

Aim: To analyze the neurological attention of a county hospital of recent creation, with a special emphasis in the health care indicators, both in hospital out-patients consultations and in patients admitted to the hospital.

Patients And Methods: We have made a descriptive analysis of the neurological attention developed by our Neurology Section between the years 2008 and 2013. We also made a comparative analysis of health care indicators corresponding to the years 2012 and 2013 (5th and 6th years of clinical activity) of our hospital with those of two other hospitals with similar features, other three hospitals of secondary level, and four of tertiary level.

Nevus anemicus: a distinctive cutaneous finding in neurofibromatosis type 1.

Nevus anemicus (NA) is a cutaneous anomaly characterized by pale, well-defined patches with limited vascularization after rubbing. They are largely known to be associated with neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) and have received little attention in the literature until recently. We sought to characterize the prevalence and clinical features of patients with NA and NF1.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a paradigm of innate immune cross-tolerance.

Infections are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The pathogenesis of infections is multifactorial and includes hypogammaglobulinemia, conventional therapy with alkylating drugs, and recently, purine analogs and mAb-associated T cells. Patients without these risk factors also suffer from infections, although the mechanism remains unknown.

[Factors determining irregular attendance to follow-up visits among human immunodeficiency virus patients: results of the hospital survey of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus].

Introduction: To describe the occurrence of non-regular attendance to follow-up visits among HIV patients and to analyze the determining factors.

Methods: One-day survey carried out annually (2002-2012) in public hospitals. Epidemiological, clinical and behavioral data are collected in all HIV-infected inpatients and outpatients receiving HIV-related care on the day of the survey.

The usefulness of ultrasound imaging in digital and extradigital glomus tumors.

Recent years have witnessed an increase in the use of ultrasound imaging of the skin in the field of dermatology, as the technique reveals details of vessels and other structures that cannot be detected on physical examination. Extradigital glomus tumors are rarely seen in clinical practice and can pose a diagnostic challenge for dermatologists. We report on 4 patients with a clinical suspicion of extradigital glomus tumor and on 1 patient with a clinical suspicion of subungual glomus tumor.

[Clostridium difficile infections in Spanish Internal Medicine departments during the period 2005-2010: the burden of the disease].

Introduction: Clostridium Difficile infection (CDI) is increasing in Spain. A review is presented of this infection in order to evaluate the burden of the disease in this country.

Material: An analytical retrospective and descriptive study was conducted by analyzing the Minimum Basic Data Set of patients admitted to Internal Medicine Departments and with and without CDI between the years 2005-2010.

[Maternal autoimmune thyroid disease: relevance for the newborn].

Background And Objective: Autoimmune thyroid disease is amongst the most frequent endocrine disorders during pregnancy. It is associated with an increase in perinatal morbidity, congenital defects, neurological damage, fetal and neonatal thyroid dysfunction. Maternal thyroid hormones play a key role in child neurodevelopment.

Oseltamivir treatment for influenza in hospitalized children without underlying diseases.

Aim: To determine whether the treatment with oseltamivir improves the outcome of children with confirmed influenza infection and no other underlying disease.

Methods: Multicentric, retrospective study performed in 10 hospitals of Madrid between September 2010 and June 2012. All children admitted to the hospitals with confirmed influenza infections were eligible.

Lack of interaction of beta-cell-function-associated variants with hypertension on change in fasting glucose and diabetes risk: the Framingham Offspring Study.

Objective: To test whether pancreatic beta-cell genetic frailty and hypertension (HTN) interact in their associations with change over time in fasting glucose (ΔFG) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) risk.

Methods And Results: We pooled data from 3471 Framingham Offspring Study participants into six ∼4-year periods (15 852 person-examinations; mean age 52; 54% women). We defined two genetic exposures reflecting beta-cell genetic risk burden: single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) score counts of fasting glucose-associated and T2D-associated risk alleles at 16 and 33 putative beta-cell loci, respectively; and three HTN exposures: HTN versus no-HTN; treated versus untreated HTN; and five mutually exclusive antihypertensive categories (beta-blockers, thiazides, renin-angiotensin system agents, combinations, others) versus untreated HTN.