Adjuvant Immunotherapy After Resected Melanoma: Survival Outcomes, Prognostic Factors and Patterns of Relapse.

Background: Anti-PD-1-based immunotherapy has improved outcomes in stage IIB to IV resected melanoma patients in clinical trials. However, little is known about real-world outcomes, prognostic factors and patterns of relapse.

Methods: This is a retrospective multicenter observational study including patients with resected melanoma treated with subsequent anti-PD-1-based adjuvant immunotherapy.

Fertility Sparing in Endometrial Cancer: Where Are We Now?

Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological neoplasm with an increased incidence in the premenopausal population in recent decades. This raises the problem of managing endometrial cancer in fertile women who have not yet achieved pregnancy. In these women, after careful selection, hysterectomy may be postponed in favor of conservative management if specific requirements are met.

Variations and Opportunities in Postnatal Management of Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn.

Importance: Preventive efforts in pregnancy-related alloimmunization have considerably decreased the prevalence of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN). International studies are therefore essential to obtain a deeper understanding of the postnatal management and outcomes of HDFN. Taken together with numerous treatment options, large practice variations among centers may exist.

Raising awareness and addressing inequities for people with Down syndrome in South Africa.

Globally, individuals with Down syndrome (DS) face profound inequities in social and health care access. These challenges are further compounded by racial disparities as well as a lack of awareness, research, and support, particularly in the Global South. This commentary discusses the multifaceted challenges and disparities encountered by people with DS in South Africa, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.

The environmental impact of inhalers: a framework for sustainable prescription practices in Spain.

Background: The healthcare sector contributes significantly to global greenhouse emissions, with inhalers being major contributors.

Objective: To develop a framework for reducing the environmental footprint of inhalers in Spain by implementing greener prescription practices.

Methods: A multidisciplinary working group was formed, including hospital pharmacists, pulmonologists, and environmental experts.

Risk factors for one-year mortality in 440 femoral peri-implant fractures: insights from the PIPPAS prospective, multicentre, observational study.

Aims: The Peri-Implant and PeriProsthetic Survival AnalysiS (PIPPAS) study aimed to investigate the risk factors for one-year mortality of femoral peri-implant fractures (FPIFs).

Methods: This prospective, multicentre, observational study involved 440 FPIF patients with a minimum one-year follow-up. Data on demographics, clinical features, fracture characteristics, management, and mortality rates were collected and analyzed using both univariate and multivariate analyses.

Challenges in multinational rare disease clinical studies during COVID-19: regulatory assessment of cipaglucosidase alfa plus miglustat in adults with late-onset Pompe disease.

PROPEL (ATB200-03; NCT03729362) compared the efficacy and safety of cipaglucosidase alfa plus miglustat (cipa + mig), a two-component therapy for late-onset Pompe disease (LOPD), versus alglucosidase alfa plus placebo (alg + pbo). The primary endpoint was change in 6-min walk distance (6MWD) from baseline to week 52. During PROPEL, COVID-19 interrupted some planned study visits and assessment windows, leading to delayed visits, make-up assessments for patients who missed ≥ 3 successive infusions before planned assessments at weeks 38 and 52, and some advanced visits (end-of-study/early-termination visits).

Can ICD Electrograms Help Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation?: Results From the Multicenter Randomized AIDEG-VTA Trial.

Background: The results of ablation of sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (SMVT) are suboptimal. For many patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs), ICD electrograms (ICD-EGs) provide the only available information on SMVT. ICD-EGs have the ability to distinguish morphologically distinct SMVT and can be used for pace mapping.

Pharmacogenetics of Neoadjuvant MAP Chemotherapy in Localized Osteosarcoma: A Study Based on Data from the GEIS-33 Protocol.

Osteosarcoma is a rare disease, but it is the most frequent malignant bone tumor. Primary treatment consists of preoperative MAP (methotrexate (MTX), doxorubicin and cisplatin) chemotherapy followed by surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. Pathological response to preoperative chemotherapy is one of the most important prognostic factors, but molecular biomarkers are lacking.

Methodological Assessment of ExoGAG for Isolation of Cerebrospinal Fluid Extracellular Vesicles as a Source of Biomarkers.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) represent a valuable source of biomarkers for central nervous system (CNS) diseases, offering new pathways for diagnosis and monitoring. However, existing methods for isolating EVs from CSF often prove to be labor-intensive and reliant on specialized equipment, hindering their clinical application. In this study, we present a novel, clinically compatible method for isolating EVs from CSF.

Destination Therapy Strategies of Advanced Heart Failure in Elderly Non-Heart Transplant Candidates: A Propensity Matching Analysis from the LEVO-D and REGALAD Registries.

Heart transplantation (HT) is the gold standard therapy for advanced heart failure (ADHF), and LVADs as destination therapy are an option in non-HT candidates. Most patients with ADHF never receive HT or an LVAD, so alternative strategies are needed. Intermittent levosimendan can reduce HF hospitalizations in ADHF patients in the short term.

Ciprofloxacin for the Treatment of Infections Caused by Carbapenemase-Producing Gram-Negative Bacteria.

There is no experience with ciprofloxacin for the treatment of carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria (CP-GNB) infections. This is a retrospective single-centre study where we describe the clinical evolution of all consecutive adult patients who received ciprofloxacin monotherapy for the treatment of CP-GNB infections. Primary outcomes were clinical failure (defined as death, lack of clinical improvement or a switch to another drug) at day 14 and 30-day all-cause mortality.

Dissociating language switching from executive control in bilinguals with MCI.

Bilingual language control is a dynamic cognitive system that enables individuals to effectively manage language use and prevent interference when switching between languages. Research indicates that certain neurodegenerative conditions may influence language-switching abilities or hinder the suppression of cross-language interference. However, it remains uncertain whether neurodegeneration primarily affecting mesial temporal structures, such as Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), impacts lexical retrieval in dual-language naming conditions.

Impaired Cerebrospinal Fluid Lipoprotein-Mediated Cholesterol Delivery to Neurons in Alzheimer's Disease.

In the central nervous system, apolipoprotein (APO) E-containing high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-like particles mediate the transport of glial-derived cholesterol to neurons, which is essential for neuronal membrane remodeling and maintenance of the myelin sheath. Despite this, the role of HDL-like cholesterol trafficking on Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis remains poorly understood. We aimed to examine cholesterol transport via HDL-like particles in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of AD patients compared to control individuals.

Contributions of connectional pathways to shaping Alzheimer's disease pathologies.

Four important imaging biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease, namely grey matter atrophy, glucose hypometabolism and amyloid-β and tau deposition, follow stereotypical spatial distributions shaped by the brain network of structural and functional connections. In this case-control study, we combined several predictors reflecting various possible mechanisms of spreading through structural and functional pathways to predict the topography of the four biomarkers in amyloid-positive patients while controlling for the effect of spatial distance along the cortex. For each biomarker, we quantified the relative contribution of each predictor to the variance explained by the model.

Cardioprotection exerted by intravenous statin at index myocardial infarction event attenuates cardiac damage upon recurrent infarction.

Aims: Recurrent acute myocardial infarction (RE-AMI) is a frequent complication after STEMI, and its association with stent thrombosis can be life-threatening. Intravenous atorvastatin (IV-atorva) administration during AMI has been shown to limit infarct size and adverse cardiac remodeling. We determined by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) whether the cardioprotection exerted by IV-atorva at the index AMI event translates into a better prognosis upon RE-AMI in dyslipidemic pigs.

Multicenter, prospective, case-control study of exposome in melanoma.

UV radiation is the main etiological agent of skin cancer. Other factors such as pollution, diet and lifestyle are also contributing factors. Our aim was to investigate the association between melanoma and exposome factors in the Spanish population with a prospective multicenter case-control study.

Imagine, Discover, Inspire: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference of the Trisomy 21 Research Society.

Down syndrome (DS) or trisomy 21 (T21) is present in a significant number of children and adults around the world and is associated with cognitive and medical challenges. Through research, the T21 Research Society (T21RS), established in 2014, unites a worldwide community dedicated to understanding the impact of T21 on biological systems and improving the quality of life of people with DS across the lifespan. T21RS hosts an international conference every two years to support collaboration, dissemination, and information sharing for this goal.

Phase 2 Open-Label Study of Sacituzumab Govitecan as Second-Line Therapy in Patients With Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: Results From TROPiCS-03.

Introduction: The phase 2 TROPiCS-03 study evaluated the efficacy/safety of sacituzumab govitecan (SG) as second-line treatment in patients with previously treated extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC).

Methods: TROPiCS-03 (NCT03964727) is a multicohort, open-label, phase 2 basket study in solid tumors, including ES-SCLC. Adults with ES-SCLC that progressed after one prior line of platinum-based chemotherapy and anti-programmed death-(ligand) 1 (PD-[L]1) therapy received SG 10 mg/kg on days 1 and 8 of a 21-day cycle.

Clustering patients with COVID-19 according to respiratory support requirements, and its impact on short- and long-term outcome (RECOVID study).

Introduction: The Spanish Society of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery created a registry for hospitalised patients with COVID-19 and the different types of respiratory support used (RECOVID). Objectives. To describe the profile of hospitalised patients with COVID-19, comorbidities, respiratory support treatments and setting.

Corrigendum: Biomarkers of response to ocrelizumab in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.

Alterations in LDL and HDL after an ischemic stroke associated with carotid atherosclerosis are reversed after 1 year.

Approximately 20% of ischemic strokes are attributed to the presence of atherosclerosis. Lipoproteins play a crucial role in the development of atherosclerosis, with LDL promoting atherogenesis and HDL inhibiting it. Therefore, both their concentrations and their biological properties are decisive factors in atherosclerotic processes.