Phage Therapy as a Novel Therapeutic for the Treatment of Bone and Joint Infections.

Solutions for bone and joint infection (BJI) are needed where conventional treatments are inadequate. Bacteriophages (phages) are naturally occurring viruses that infect bacteria and have been harnessed for refractory bone and joint infections (BJI) in many case reports. Here we examine the safety and efficacy of English-language published cases of BJI since 2010 with phage therapy.

Should all patients with a culture-negative periprosthetic joint infection be treated with antibiotics? : a multicentre observational study.

Aims: The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of culture-negative periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) when adequate methods of culture are used, and to evaluate the outcome in patients who were treated with antibiotics for a culture-negative PJI compared with those in whom antibiotics were withheld.

Methods: A multicentre observational study was undertaken: 1,553 acute and 1,556 chronic PJIs, diagnosed between 2013 and 2018, were retrospectively analyzed. Culture-negative PJIs were diagnosed according to the Muskuloskeletal Infection Society (MSIS), International Consensus Meeting (ICM), and European Bone and Joint Society (EBJIS) definitions.

Small Cell Carcinoma of the Ovary, Hypercalcemic Type (SCCOHT) beyond Mutations: A Comprehensive Genomic Analysis.

Small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT) is an aggressive malignancy that occurs in young women, is characterized by recurrent loss-of-function mutations in the gene, and for which effective treatments options are lacking. The aim of this study was to broaden the knowledge on this rare malignancy by reporting a comprehensive molecular analysis of an independent cohort of SCCOHT cases. We conducted Whole Exome Sequencing in six SCCOHT, and RNA-sequencing and array comparative genomic hybridization in eight SCCOHT.

Primary osteoarthritic knees have more varus coronal alignment of the femur compared to young non-arthritic knees in a large cohort study.

Purpose: Many surgeons are performing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with an aim to reproducing native anatomical coronal alignment. Yet, it remains unclear if primary osteoarthritic and non-osteoarthritic populations have similar knee coronal alignment. This study aims to describe and compare the distribution of femoral and tibial coronal alignment in a large primary osteoarthritic cohort and a young non-osteoarthritic cohort.

HIV is associated with airway obstruction: a matched controlled study.

Objective: To explore whether airway obstruction is associated with HIV in a cohort of HIV-infected and uninfected smokers.

Methods: People living with HIV (PLWHIV) participated in the ANRS EP48 HIV CHEST study, an early lung cancer diagnosis study with low-dose chest tomography. HIV-uninfected study participants were from the CONSTANCES cohort.

Lung Cancer Screening with Chest Computed Tomography in People Living with HIV: A Review by the Multidisciplinary CANCERVIH Working Group.

A shift in mortality and morbidity has been observed in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWHIV) from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) to non-AIDS diseases. Lung cancer has the highest incidence rates among all the non-AIDS-defining malignancies and is associated with mortality rates that exceed those of other cancers. Strategies to increase lung cancer survival in PLWHIV are needed.

Feasibility and efficacy of early lung cancer diagnosis with chest computed tomography in HIV-infected smokers.

Objective: Lung cancer screening with chest computed tomography (CT) is beneficial in smokers aged 55 to 74 years. We studied the risks, benefits and feasibility of early lung cancer diagnosis with CT in HIV-infected smokers.

Design And Setting: French, multicentre, single round chest CT study in France, realized between February 2011 and June 2012.

[Toxoplasma infections in early pregnancy: consequences and management].

Objective: To assess the consequences for the fetus of maternal toxoplasma infection acquired during the first 8 weeks of gestation and to set guidelines on how to manage these maternal infections.

Methods: Data were prospectively analyzed on 360 pregnancies followed-up in our department due to a toxoplasma infection during the 8 first weeks of pregnancy. Estimates of the risk of fetal infection were based on all cases, including those which could not be followed up until infection was ruled out or confirmed.

[Imaging of osteoarticular tuberculosis].

Purpose: and methods. To perform an illustrated and educational review of musculoskeletal tuberculosis.

Results: As the incidence of musculoskeletal tuberculosis still increases, a review appears justified.

Transvaginal ultrasound studies of vascular and morphological changes in uteri exposed to diethylstilbestrol in utero.

The aim of this prospective study was to establish complementary data of uteri exposed to diethylstilbestrol (DES) in utero for transvaginal analysis and vascularity changes during the menstrual cycle. A total of 28 women with DES-exposed uteri were compared with 60 non-exposed women. Transvaginal ultrasound and colour Doppler imaging were performed on days 5 and 22 of the menstrual cycle.

Prognostic value of new retinal tears associated with the development of postoperative proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

We prospectively evaluated for the presence of new retinal tears 60 eyes of 60 patients who developed recurrent retinal detachment complicated by proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) after surgery for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. New retinal tears associated with the development or recurrence of postoperative PVR were disclosed in 27 eyes (45%). New tears were categorized into two distinct groups: (1) peripheral new tears and (2) posterior new tears.