Digital Arteriovenous Malformation. An Uncommon Finding: A Case Report.

Vascular malformations (VMs) are dysplastic abnormalities of vascular channels, differing from vascular tumors by their slow growth. Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) arise between weeks 4-10 of intrauterine life, with a prevalence of 1 in 100,000 among Caucasians. Common in the head, neck, and hands, AVMs may be asymptomatic or cause symptoms like pain, deformity, and disability.

Circulating T Cell Subsets in Type 1 Diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a complex disease driven by the immune system attacking the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. Understanding the role of different T cell subpopulations in the development and progression of T1D is crucial. By employing flow cytometry to compare the characteristics of T cells, we can pinpoint potential indicators of treatment response or therapeutic inefficacy.

Caryophyllene Oxide, a Bicyclic Terpenoid Isolated from with Antitumor Activity: In Vivo, In Vitro, and In Silico Studies.

The Annona genus contains some species used in Mexican traditional medicine for the treatment cancer, including . The present study aimed to investigate the anticancer activity of caryophyllene oxide (CO) isolated from using in vivo, in vitro, and in silico approaches. The identification of CO was performed using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy and NMR methods.

Evaluating Feature Selection Methods for Accurate Diagnosis of Diabetic Kidney Disease.

: The increase in patients with type 2 diabetes, coupled with the development of complications caused by the same disease is an alarming aspect for the health sector. One of the main complications of diabetes is nephropathy, which is also the main cause of kidney failure. Once diagnosed, in Mexican patients the kidney damage is already highly compromised, which is why acting preventively is extremely important.

Exosomes as Regulators of Macrophages in Cardiovascular Diseases.

Macrophages in atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction have diverse functions, such as foam cell formation and the induction of an inflammatory response that promotes ventricular dysfunction in the heart. Exosomes are small vesicles released by many different types of cells, such as macrophages, dendritic cells, platelets and other immunoregulatory cells, that facilitate communication with other cells, modulating the biological functions of recipient cells. Exosomes offer a novel therapeutic approach for the polarization of macrophages involved in cardiovascular diseases.

Composition of linear and branched short-chain fatty acids in human milk and newborn feces: influence of perinatal and maternal factors.

This research aimed to analyze the percentage of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in human milk (HM) and newborn feces and to explore potential associations with factors such as maternal nutrition, age, biological sex, delivery mode, diet, and the type of HM. Gas chromatography was used to measure the percentage of SCFAs in colostrum ( = 23), transitional HM ( = 23), and mature HM ( = 92) and feces of newborn ( = 36) at day 30 postpartum. Anthropometry was also evaluated in the mother and the infant.

Iridoid glycosides from the flowering plant (Cham. & Schltdl.) W.R. Ernst.

Three iridoid glycosides (mussaenoside, geniposide, and 5-hydroxy-8-epi-deoxyloganin) along with mannitol and acteoside, were isolated from , an endemic plant species of Mexico that currently belongs to the Orobanchaceae family. There is no information about the chemical composition of this species, consequently, the present work focuses on the chemical study of the flowers and leaves of , which were collected in two batches in Mexico, identifying the main components of each batch. The chemical structures were completely established by spectroscopic methods.

Imlunestrant with or without Abemaciclib in Advanced Breast Cancer.

Background: Imlunestrant is a next-generation, brain-penetrant, oral selective estrogen-receptor (ER) degrader that delivers continuous ER inhibition, even in cancers with mutations in the gene encoding ERα ().

Methods: In a phase 3, open-label trial, we enrolled patients with ER-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative advanced breast cancer that recurred or progressed during or after aromatase inhibitor therapy, administered alone or with a cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitor. Patients were assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive imlunestrant, standard endocrine monotherapy, or imlunestrant-abemaciclib.

Ancient evolutionary origins of hepatitis E virus in rodents.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV; family ) infections cause >40,000 human deaths annually. Zoonotic infections predominantly originate from ungulates and occasionally from rats, highlighting the zoonotic potential of rodent-associated hepeviruses. We conducted host genomic data mining and uncovered two genetically divergent rodent-associated hepeviruses, and two bat-associated hepeviruses genetically related to known bat-associated strains.

Vanadium exposure and kidney markers in a pediatric population: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Anthropogenic vanadium (V) emissions and exposure in the general population have recently increased. Experimental studies have shown that V is a nephrotoxic agent, but little is known about its effects on human kidney health. This work evaluated the association between urinary V concentrations with early kidney damage biomarkers and function in a pediatric population without any disease diagnosed.

Hospital discharges for hip fracture in older adults, Mexico 2013-2022.

Background: The most common traumatic injury among older individuals worldwide is hip fracture. Higher incidence after 70 years old and women (80-85%). Hospital discharges in Mexico have little evidence.

[Report of 3 cases of acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis in Mexico].

Background: Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis (AHLE) or Weston-Hurst syndrome is a rare and severe variant of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). It causes fulminant hemorrhagic demyelination of the central nervous system, and has high mortality and morbidity. Due to the increase in cases and to its high rate of mortality, we decided to make a series of cases and a review of the disease.

[Translational medicine in dermatology: experience in the Specialties Hospital of the 21st Century National Medical Center].

Through multidisciplinary research, translational medicine allows a comprehensive approach to diseases in order to provide patients with adequate treatment, whose aim is personalized and precision medicine. In this context, the Cellular Immunology Laboratory of the Immunochemistry Research Unit, and the Dermatology Service of the 21st Century National Medical Center's Specialties Hospital (Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI) have achieved a partnership that aspires to provide better quality patient care. This objective is achieved by evaluating the inflammatory skin infiltrates in different pathologies to observe changes in local immunity related to the response to treatment, and with the disease progression distinguish between dermatological diseases, highlight the importance of comprehensive skin care, and make decisions about treatment choice.

[Occult thyroid dysfunction in outpatients with liver cirrhosis].

Background: Several alterations in thyroid function have been identified in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC).

Objective: To carry out a thyroid disease screening in adult patients with LC.

Material And Methods: A cross-sectional study.

[Gastrointestinal manifestations and liver disorders in patients with COVID-19].

Background: SARS-CoV-2 infection began in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, where the first cases of pneumonia were described. The infection spread rapidly and was established as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) in February 2020. In Mexico, the first cases were in March 2020.

[Radiological clinical profile of multiple cranial neuropathy and recurrence risk factors].

Background: Multiple cranial neuropathies (MCN) are the dysfunction of 2 or more cranial nerves, simultaneously or sequentially. The most common causes are tumors, followed by vascular and traumatic causes, central nervous system infections and Guillain-Barré syndrome and its variants.

Objective: To identify the radiological clinical profile of MCN in patients of a tertiary-care hospital.

[Survival after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with identical and haploidentical donors].

Background: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a therapy that offers the potential to cure hematological malignancies. One limitation is that only 25% of patients will have an identical donor. The use of haploidentical donors allows 95% of patients to have a donor.

[The Specialties Hospital of the 21st Century National Medical Center: 60 trailblazing years in Mexican medicine].

The objective of this letter to the editor is to make a reflection about the past, present and future of the Specialties Hospital "Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez" from the 21st Century National Medical Center, on the occasion of its 60th anniversary.

[21st National Medical Center's Specialties Hospital: 60 years at the forefront of medicine in Mexico].

21st Century National Medical Center's Specialties Hospital from the Instituto Nacional del Seguro Social (IMSS, Mexican Institute for Social Security) was inaugurated in 1963 and up until this day it maintains three fundamental pillars: care, teaching, and scientific research. The hospital has 429 hospital beds, 80 consultation rooms, 19 operating rooms, 30 medical specialties made up of more than 800 resident doctors, in addition to 8 research units. As a form of recognizing more than 60 years of history, our hospital presents a series of research articles on current topics.