Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate and retropubic prostatic adenomectomy: morbidity analysis and anesthesia considerations.

Objective: Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) is an alternative to prostatic adenomectomy for the surgical treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy. We analyzed our learning curve for this technique, and we compared it in a secondary manner with prostatic adenomectomy.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective comparative study was conducted that included the first 100 cases of HoLEP performed in our center and the latest 50 cases of retropubic adenomectomy.

Pit-1 inhibits BRCA1 and sensitizes human breast tumors to cisplatin and vitamin D treatment.

The POU class 1 homeobox 1 (POU1F1, also known as Pit-1), pertaining to the Pit-Oct-Unc (POU) family of transcription factors, has been related to tumor growth and metastasis in breast. However, its role in response to breast cancer therapy is unknown. We found that Pit-1 down-regulated DNA-damage and repair genes, and specifically inhibited BRCA1 gene expression, sensitizing breast cancer cells to DNA-damage agents.

Corneal epithelial wound healing and bactericidal effect of conditioned medium from human uterine cervical stem cells.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of conditioned medium from human uterine cervical stem cells (CM-hUCESCs) on corneal epithelial healing in a rat model of dry eye after alkaline corneal epithelial ulcer. We also tested the bactericidal effect of CM-hUCESCs.

Methods: Dry eye was induced in rats by extraocular lacrimal gland excision, and corneal ulcers were produced using NaOH.

Cancer progression by breast tumors with Pit-1-overexpression is blocked by inhibition of metalloproteinase (MMP)-13.

Introduction: The POU class 1 homeobox 1 transcription factor (POU1F1, also known as Pit-1) is expressed in the mammary gland and its overexpression induces profound phenotypic changes in proteins involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion. Patients with breast cancer and elevated expression of Pit-1 show a positive correlation with the occurrence of distant metastasis. In this study we evaluate the relationship between Pit-1 and two collagenases: matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13), which have been related to metastasis in breast cancer.

Potential therapeutic effect of the secretome from human uterine cervical stem cells against both cancer and stromal cells compared with adipose tissue stem cells.

Evidences indicate that tumor development and progression towards a malignant phenotype depend not only on cancer cells themselves, but are also deeply influenced by tumor stroma reactivity. The present study uses mesenchymal stem cells from normal human uterine cervix (hUCESCs), isolated by the minimally invasive method of routine Pap cervical smear, to study their effect on the three main cell types in a tumor: cancer cells, fibroblasts and macrophages. Administration of hUCESCs-conditioned medium (CM) to a highly invasive breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell line and to human breast tumors with high cell proliferation rates had the effect of reducing cell proliferation, modifying the cell cycle, inducing apoptosis, and decreasing invasion.

Analysis of the expression of interleukins, interferon β, and nuclear factor-κ B in prostate cancer and their relationship with biochemical recurrence.

There are accumulating epidemiological, experimental, and genetic data supporting that prostate inflammation may contribute to prostate carcinogenesis, and several inflammatory-related molecules have been linked to tumorigenesis and prognosis in several tumors. The aim of this study was to evaluate tumor expression of inflammatory-related factors in prostate carcinomas and their possible relationship with biochemical recurrence (elevation of prostate-specific antigen serum levels). An immunohistochemical study was conducted using tissue microarrays and specific antibodies against interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, interferon β (IFNβ), and nuclear factor-κ B (NF-κB).

Importance of tumor/stroma interactions in prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third largest cause of cancer deaths worldwide. It seems to be needed to find new ways to address the mechanisms involved in the progression of HCC, which can provide a prognostic evaluation and new therapeutic targets. Several studies have established that crosstalk between tumor cells and the microenvironment plays a key role in tumor progression and metastasis.

Clinical significance of toll-like receptor 3, 4, and 9 in gastric cancer.

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have raised an extraordinary interest in cancer research due to their role in tumor progression. By activating the production of several biological factors, TLRs drive an inflammatory response and activate the adaptive immune system. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression and clinical relevance of TLR3, TLR4, and TLR9 in gastric cancer.

Expression and prognostic significance of fibronectin and matrix metalloproteases in breast cancer metastasis.

Aims: Fibronectin (FN) has attracted interest in cancer research, owing to its role in tumour progression. The aims of this study were to investigate the expression and clinical relevance of FN in breast cancer, and to explore its relationship with the expression of matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) and their inhibitors (TIMPs).

Methods And Results: An immunohistochemical study was performed using tumours from 110 breast cancer patients, with tissue arrays and specific antibodies against FN, MMP-7, MMP-9, MMP-11, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2.

Toll-like receptor-4 expression by stromal fibroblasts is associated with poor prognosis in colorectal cancer.

Because of the important role in inflammation and tissue regeneration, toll-like receptors (TLR) are likely candidates to mediate effects of the innate immune system on tumorigenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression and clinical relevance of TLR in colorectal cancer (CRC). The expressions of TLR3, TLR4, TLR7, and TLR9 were analyzed in 104 patients with resectable CRC by immunohistochemistry.

Cytokines related to MMP-11 expression by inflammatory cells and breast cancer metastasis.

Breast tumors infiltrated by matrix metalloprotease 11 (MMP-11) mononuclear inflammatory cells are prone to form metastases; express high levels of interleukin (IL)-1, IL-5, IL-6, IL-17, interferon β (IFNβ) and NFκB; and exhibit an increased CD68/(CD3CD20) cell ratio at their invasive front. These factors, which are implicated in the crosstalk between tumors and their inflammatory microenvironment, may emerge as attractive prognostic factors and therapeutic targets.

Impact of CD68/(CD3+CD20) ratio at the invasive front of primary tumors on distant metastasis development in breast cancer.

Tumors are infiltrated by macrophages, T and B-lymphocytes, which may favor tumor development by promoting angiogenesis, growth and invasion. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical relevance of the relative amount of macrophages (CD68⁺), T-cells (CD3⁺ and B-cells (CD20⁺) at the invasive front of breast carcinomas, and the expression of matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) and their inhibitors (TIMPs) either at the invasive front or at the tumor center. We performed an immunohistochemical study counting CD3, CD20 and CD68 positive cells at the invasive front, in 102 breast carcinomas.

Expression of TLR3, 4, 7 and 9 in cutaneous malignant melanoma: relationship with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis.

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have achieved an extraordinary amount of interest in cancer research due to their role in tumor progression. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression and clinical relevance of TLR3, 4, 7 and 9 in cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM). The expression levels of TLR3, 4, 7 and 9 were analyzed in tumors from 30 patients with CMM.

Relationship between the inflammatory molecular profile of breast carcinomas and distant metastasis development.

Inflammatory conditions may promote tumor progression and aggressiveness. In previous reports, we found a group of breast cancer tumors characterized by metalloprotease-11 (MMP-11) expression by intratumoral mononuclear inflammatory cells (MICs), which was associated with distant metastasis development. Thus, in the present study we evaluated the relationship between MMP-11 expression by MICs, distant metastasis development, and a wide panel of inflammatory factors in breast carcinoma.

Prediction of metastatic breast cancer in non-sentinel lymph nodes based on metalloprotease-1 expression by the sentinel lymph node.

Aims: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy is the current standard axillary approach for patients with clinically node-negative breast cancer. If the SLN is positive, is still also standard in most centres to proceed with a complete axillary dissection to predict the remaining nodes affectation, despite of SLN is the only positive lymph node in 50-68% of cases. If we could identify them, these patients could be spared a complete axillary dissection.

Low microvascular density at the tumor center is related to the expression of metalloproteases and their inhibitors and with the occurrence of distant metastasis in breast carcinomas.

Background: The aims of this study were to evaluate the microvascular density (MVD) at the center of breast carcinomas, its relationship with the expression of metalloproteases (MMPs) and their inhibitors (TIMPs), and its connection with the distant metastasis rate.

Methods: An immunohistochemical study of four MMPs and two TIMPs was performed on cancer specimens from 97 women with a histological confirmed diagnosis of early invasive breast cancer.

Results: Expressions of MMP-9 by cancerous cells, or MMP-11 and TIMP-2 by stromal cells, were all negative and significantly associated with MVD, whereas MMP-7 score values were positive and also significantly associated with MVD.

Duodenal expression of Toll-like receptors and interleukins are increased in both children and adult celiac patients.

Background: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have achieved an extraordinary amount of interest in inflammatory diseases due to their role in the inflammatory activation. By activating the production of several biological factors, TLRs induce type I interferons and other cytokines, which drive the inflammatory response and activate the adaptive immune system.

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the expression and clinical relevance of TLRs and interleukins in pediatric and adult celiac disease (CD), defined as intolerance to dietary proteins found in wheat, barley, and rye.

Inflammation and cancer.

There is evidence supporting the hypothesis that inflammation participates in providing conditions that lead to cancer. An unresolved inflammation due to any failure in the precise control of the immune response can continue to perturb the cellular microenvironment, thereby leading to alterations in cancer-related genes and posttranslational modification in crucial cellular proteins involved in the cell cycle, DNA repair and apoptosis. In addition, there are data indicating that inflammatory cells and immunomodulatory mediators present in the tumor microenvironment influence tumor progression and metastasis.

Effect of the expression of matrix metalloproteases and their tissue inhibitors on survival of patients with resectable colorectal cancer.

Background: Matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) are of crucial importance in the degradation of the stromal connective tissue and basement membrane components. Study of the behavior of these components might help to predict the aggressiveness of tumors.

Aims: To evaluate the expression and clinical relevance of MMPs and TIMPs for patients with resectable colorectal carcinoma.

Clinical significance of myosin in colorectal cancer.

Myosin has raised an interest in cancer research because of its role in tumor progression. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression and clinical relevance of myosin in colorectal cancer (CC). Myosin was detected in CC tumors with recurrence using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight analysis.

Study of the expression of toll-like receptors in different histological types of colorectal polyps and their relationship with colorectal cancer.

Purpose: Dysregulation of toll-like receptors (TLR) signaling can result in chronic inflammatory and over-exuberant repair responses. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression and clinical relevance of TLR in colorectal polyps.

Methods: The expression levels of six TLR were analyzed in 70 patients with different histological types of colorectal polyps, 38 of which developed colorectal carcinoma (CC).

[Breast cancer survivors: quality of life and prevailing diagnoses].

Unlabelled: Knowledge of the Quality of Life (QoL) of surviving patients with breast cancer using an effective tool, and adapting it to nursing language using NANDA taxonomy, is essential to identify their needs and health problems.

Objectives: To evaluate the QoL of women diagnosed with breast cancer in 2004 (survivors). To identify the most common health problems, and adapting them to the NANDA taxonomy.

[Sociodemographic factors and satisfaction related to the care received by women with breast cancer. Multicentre study].

Objectives: Evaluate the level of satisfaction in the Medical Oncology Services in our Community of women with breast cancer, and analyse the influence of sociodemographic and clinical factors on their satisfaction.

Material And Methods: Cross-sectional multicentre study using an anonymous and voluntary questionnaire completed by 225 women diagnosed with breast cancer. The tool used was the modified SERVQHOS, adapted to our context.