[Correlation of equations for energy expenditure with indirect calorimetry in critically ill patients].

Background: Nutrition in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is a cornerstone; however, energy requirements are a controversial issue that has not yet been resolved. Calorimetry is the gold standard for calculating energy expenditure, but it is expensive and not available in all ICU areas. Formulas have been developed to calculate basal energy expenditure (BAE) and make the process easier.

[Barrett's esophagus: histochemical difference between goblet cells and blue cells].

Background: Barrett's esophagus (BE) is the replacement of the usual esophageal mucosa by a simple columnar epithelium with the presence of goblet cells (GC) of intestinal type. It has been related to different risk factors such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), inappropriate consumption of irritating foods, smoking and overweight. There are CC mimic cells, known as blue cells (BC), which make the diagnosis of BE difficult, due to the lack of a precise definition of the nature and location of the gastroesophageal junction and the microscopic variations in this area.

[Atherogenic index and its association with acute coronary ischemic syndrome mortality].

Background: Several indexes have been developed to define the risk attributable to lipid metabolism with a single value. The total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein (TC/HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein (LDL-C/HDL-C) ratios are the most used. The higher the value of these ratios, the greater the probability of cardiovascular events.

[Comparative analysis of bleed volume with visual technique].

Background: Blood loss estimation in a surgery is made by anesthesiologists by means of visual technique, which is not reliable because it can change depending on the judgement of every person, or his/her work experience, which is why it is considered something subjective. Therefore, the results obtained could lead to make mistakes with the exact amount of bleeding, mismanaging unnecessary hemoderived transfusions or administering unnecessary drugs.

Objective: To compare the blood volume and its visual calculation between Anesthesiology residents and anesthesiologists.

[Sleep quality in patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis].

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious condition that impairs sleep quality, which compromises quality of life, cardiovascular function and increases the risk of mortality; however, limited information is available on sleep quality in hemodialysis (HD) patients.

Objective: To determine the sleep quality in patients with CKD on renal replacement therapy with HD.

Material And Methods: Cross-sectional analytical study.

[Mortality in patients with COVID-19 and acute kidney injury on hemodialysis].

Background: A high in-hospital mortality has been identified in patients with COVID-19 who develop acute kidney injury, particularly in those who received renal replacement therapy. In our country there are few studies up until now that report the proportion of deaths in this group of patients.

Objective: To identify the proportion of deaths in patients with COVID-19 who developed acute kidney injury and required hemodialysis.

[Systolic blood pressure reduction in patients with intracranial hemorrhage and functional prognosis].

Background: Acute intracerebral hemorrhage affects annually more than 1 million people worldwide. Chronic systemic arterial hypertension is the most important modifiable risk factor for spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.

Objective: To determine the relationship between the decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP) in patients with intracranial hemorrhage and their short-term functional prognosis.

[Comparison of cervical fusion with autografting of fibula vs titanium cage].

Background: The anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is the gold standard in the treatment of cervical compression pathology and the titanium cage for fusion represents the most used procedure at an institutional level. A technique using fibular autograft has been described, with good results, lower morbidity and lower cost.

Objective: To compare the rate of fusion, subsidence and functional clinical results after discectomy with titanium cage and fibular autograft.

[Epidemiology of glomerular disease: report from a third-level center].

Background: Renal biopsy has become one of the pillars of nephrology practice, being a very important tool in the diagnostic approach of any nephrology center, since it contributes to the identification and adequate management of glomerular diseases, which represent the third cause of chronic kidney disease in the world. In Mexico there are few reports on the epidemiology of glomerular diseases; therefore, it is important to carry out this type of study.

Objective: To identify which are the main glomerulopathies reported in our center, Determine the most prevalent glomerular syndrome according to the reported glomerulopathy, and identify the main complications after percutaneous renal biopsy.

[Mortality associated with myocardial damage by troponin I in patients with COVID 19].

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can cause cardiac injury, probably associated with myocarditis and ischemia induced by the infection. Myocardial damage leads to the liberation of proinflammatory cytokines and to the activation of autoimmune adaptive mechanisms through molecular limitation.

Objective: To assess mortality associated with myocardial damage in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 confirmed by troponin I measurement.

[Electrocardiographic interval as a predictor of life-threatening arrhythmias in dilated cardiomyopathy patients].

Background: The Tpe interval (Tp-e) in the surface electrocardiogram represents ventricular repolarization, a key phase in the pathogenesis of severe ventricular arrhythmias. However, there are few studies evaluating changes in this electrocardiographic interval as a risk factor for serious arrhythmias in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy.

Objective: To determine whether the Tp-e interval prolongation predicts the presence of life-threatening arrhythmias in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD).

[Postmastectomy analgesia with subcutaneous infiltration of ketamine with lidocaine in surgical wound].

Background: Ketamine is an analgesic adjuvant useful in acute pain preventive treatment. However, there are few studies evaluating its efficacy in local administration for postoperative pain management.

Objective: To compare ketamine´s efficacy plus 2% lidocaine versus placebo plus 2% lidocaine infiltrated into surgical wound as postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing mastectomy.

[Adverse effect incidence of Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine: Retrospective cohort study].

Background: Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has been the cause of multiple hospitalizations due to respiratory distress, pneumonia, multi-organic failure and death in all the world. The BioNTech/Pfizer lab was the first to get the approval from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for vaccine application, beginning with health workers. However, there are a few studies about adverse effects after applying the COVID-19 vaccine.

[Relationship between the systolic-diastolic shock index and mortality in myocardial infarction].

Background: In the emergency room, the shock index was applied to determine the prognosis in various pathologies, such as acute infarction. The shock index is the re-sult of dividing heart rate by the systolic blood pressure.

Objective: To determine the relationship between the systolic shock index and the di-astolic shock index as prognostic factors for mortality in acute myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation prior to admission to the Hemodynamics Room.

[Results and complications of knee arthroplasty in patients with obesity].

Introduction: In México, many patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are obese, which has medical and financial consequences. The functional outcomes and the incidence of complications of these patients remain uncertain due to the inconsistency between studies.

Objective: To determine the association between obesity, complications and functional results of patients undergoing TKA.

[Ultrasound-guided insertion and the proportion of catheter-associated thrombosis].

Background: Central venous accesses are of great importance in daily medical practice. Insertion into the jugular vein is common due to its accessibility. Catheter-associated venous thrombosis is a relatively common medium-term complication.

[Subtle and subclinical neurological findings in patients with SARS-CoV-2].

Background: There are severe neurological conditions in patients with COVID-19, such as: cerebrovascular disease, Guillain-Barré syndrome, encephalitis, acute hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalopathy and myelitis.

Objective: We describe that the patient with SARS-CoV 2 with respiratory symptoms has subtle or subclinical neurological manifestations.

Material And Methods: Observational, cross-sectional, analytical study, which included patients aged 18-65 years with respiratory symptoms and a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19.

[LDH-neutrophil-lymphocyte index as a predictor of 28-day mortality in patients with COVID-19].

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) represents the greatest health crisis of our times; it was declared by WHO a pandemic in March 2020. The risk of presenting a severe disease is inter-individual, since it varies according to age, comorbidities, and immunological status, in addition to the type of SARS-CoV-2 variant. The neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) are widely used markers to assess the severity and predict the course of the disease in patients with COVID-19, with a direct relationship of higher value-worse prognosis.

[Gram-negative bacteria of critical priority in ICU patients from a tertiary care hospital].

Background: Intensive care units (ICU) are the epicenter of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and patients' infections are mainly caused by Gram-negative bacteria (GNB).

Objective: To describe the frequency and trends in AMR of GNB deriving from the clinical samples of ICU patients at a tertiary care hospital in Mérida, Yucatán.

Material And Methods: Study which included the review of laboratory reports of all bacteriological samples collected from patients admitted to neonatal, pediatric and adult ICU from January 1 2019 to December 31 2021.

[Association of neutrophil, lymphocyte, platelet ratio with acute kidney injury in sepsis].

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is frequent in sepsis (25 to 51%), with high mortality (40 to 80%) and long-term complications. Despite its importance we do not have accessible markers in intensive care. In other entities (post-surgical and COVID-19) the neutrophil/lymphocyte and platelet (N/LP) ratio has been associated with acute kidney injury; however, this relationship has not been studied in a pathology with a severe inflammatory response such as sepsis.

[Delta of neutrophil lymphocyte index and mortality in covid-19 disease].

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome, due to SARS-CoV-2, is a worldwide health problem. The neutrophil-lymphocyte index allows risk stratification in patients with severe and poor prognostic data, since it reflects the inflammatory state.

Objective: To determine whether the Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Index delta predicts mortality in patients with COVID-19.

Glioblastoma Treatment: State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives.

(1) Background: Glioblastoma is the most frequent and lethal primary tumor of the central nervous system. Through many years, research has brought various advances in glioblastoma treatment. At this time, glioblastoma management is based on maximal safe surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy with temozolomide.

[Perception of working environment in the Laboratory of the Bajío's National Medical Center].

Background: Since the development of the concepts of organizational climate and working environment, at the beginning of the 20th century, very important advances have been made to improve and increase the quality of professional performance in the health area. Belonging to an emblematic institution in health services, it is necessary to establish how the working environment is perceived within it.

Objective: To assess the perception of the working environment in the Clinical Analysis Laboratory of the Centro Médico Nacional del Bajío (Bajío's National Medical Center).