[Complicaciones trombóticas en COVID-19 grave: enfoque en tromboembolia venosa, tromboprofilaxis y anticoagulación].

La enfermedad grave por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) está causada por el Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) y predispone a complicaciones trombóticas. En esta revisión se aborda de manera práctica la estrecha relación entre la tromboembolia venosa y la COVID-19, enfatizando aspectos epidemiológicos, factores de riesgo y tromboprofilaxis, así como potenciales opciones de anticoagulación. Actualmente la evidencia científica es muy escasa, pero día a día seguimos aprendiendo, estando atentos a cambios novedosos y dinámicos en esta enfermedad infecciosa e inmunotrombótica emergente.

Sacroilitis paraneoplásica: presentación inusual de leucemia linfoblástica aguda.

La sacroilitis es una manifestación poco común de neoplasias hematológicas. Reportamos el caso de una mujer de 40 años que presentó un cuadro de 1 mes de evolución con fiebre y sacroilitis simulando espondiloartritis, acompañado de anemia, hepatomegalia y elevación de marcadores inflamatorios. El abordaje descartó infecciones y causas inflamatorias de dolor sacroilíaco.

Incisión de Spangaro en lesiones cardiacas penetrantes, reporte de casos.

IntroducciÓn: El trauma en México es un problema mayor de salud pública, siendo una de las principales causas de mortalidad en personas jóvenes. La incidencia reportada de trauma cardiaco varía. El sitio primario de lesión miocárdica es la pared libre del ventrículo derecho.

Proteomic and Transcriptomic Analysis Identify Spliceosome as a Significant Component of the Molecular Machinery in the Pituitary Tumors Derived from - and -Cell Lineages.

Background: Pituitary adenomas (PA) are the second most common tumor in the central nervous system and have low counts of mutated genes. Splicing occurs in 95% of the coding RNA. There is scarce information about the spliceosome and mRNA-isoforms in PA, and therefore we carried out proteomic and transcriptomic analysis to identify spliceosome components and mRNA isoforms in PA.

A Shift Towards an Immature Myeloid Profile in Peripheral Blood of Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients.

Background: SARS-CoV-2, the etiological agent causing COVID-19, has infected more than 27 million people with over 894000 deaths worldwide since its emergence in December 2019. Factors for severe diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension, and obesity have been identified however, the precise pathogenesis is poorly understood. To understand its pathophysiology and to develop effective therapeutic strategies, it is essential to define the prevailing immune cellular subsets.

Induction of Progenitor Exhausted Tissue-Resident Memory CD8 T Cells Upon Typhi Porins Adjuvant Immunization Correlates With Melanoma Control and Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy Cooperation.

Immunotherapy has improved the clinical response in melanoma patients, although a relevant percentage of patients still cannot be salvaged. The search for the immune populations that provide the best tumor control and that can be coaxed by immunotherapy strategies is a hot topic in cancer research nowadays. Tumor-infiltrating TCF-1 progenitor exhausted CD8 T cells seem to grant the best melanoma prognosis and also efficiently respond to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy, giving rise to a TIM-3 terminally exhausted population with heightened effector activity.

Utility of the STOP-Bang and Epworth scales and the neck-to-height ratio to detect severe obstructive apnea-hypopnea syndrome in severe obesity.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is present in 80% of patients evaluated for bariatric surgery (BS). Extensive evaluation is not widely available, but treatment is mandatory for severe cases. The Snore, Tiredness, Observed apneas and Pressure - Body mass index, Age, Neck circumference and Gender (STOP-Bang) and Epworth questionnaires and neck-to-height ratio (NHtR) are accessible clinical tools to screen for sleep and metabolic disturbances, but their utility to detect severe OSAHS in patients with severe obesity has not been determined.

The low-harm score for predicting mortality in patients diagnosed with COVID-19: A multicentric validation study.

Objective: We sought to determine the accuracy of the LOW-HARM score (Lymphopenia, Oxygen saturation, White blood cells, Hypertension, Age, Renal injury, and Myocardial injury) for predicting death from coronavirus disease 2019) COVID-19.

Methods: We derived the score as a concatenated Fagan's nomogram for Bayes theorem using data from published cohorts of patients with COVID-19. We validated the score on 400 consecutive COVID-19 hospital admissions (200 deaths and 200 survivors) from 12 hospitals in Mexico.

Concordance between capsule endoscopy and device-assisted enteroscopy in small-bowel lesions.

The agreement between capsule endoscopy (CE) and device-assisted enteroscopy (DAE) in tumors of the small-bowel (SB) may be high. However, other SB lesions such as ulcers and angioectasias seem to have more agreement between both procedures, compared to tumors or polyps. In the article published by Alventosa-Mateu C et al.

Repurposing a neurodegenerative disease drug to treat Gram-negative antibiotic-resistant bacterial sepsis.

The emergence of polymyxin resistance in carbapenem-resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria is a critical threat to human health, and alternative treatment strategies are urgently required. We investigated the ability of the hydroxyquinoline analog ionophore PBT2 to restore antibiotic sensitivity in polymyxin-resistant, ESBL-producing, carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative human pathogens. PBT2 resensitized , , , and to last-resort polymyxin class antibiotics, including the less toxic next-generation polymyxin derivative FADDI-287, in vitro.

Association of gut microbiome with fasting triglycerides, fasting insulin and obesity status in Mexican children.

Background: The association of gut microbiota with obesity and its cardio-metabolic complications in paediatric populations is still controversial.

Objective: We investigated the association of obesity and cardio-metabolic traits with gut microbiota on 167 and 163 children with normal weight and obesity from Mexico City and Oaxaca, Mexico.

Methods: Anthropometric and biochemical traits were measured.

Tumorous congenital calcinosis cutis associated with early childhood epileptic encephalopathy with a pathogenic FGF12 gene variant.

Background: Calcinosis cutis is the deposit of insoluble calcium salts in the skin. It is classified according to its pathogenesis in dystrophic, metastatic, idiopathic, iatrogenic, and calciphylaxis. Idiopathic calcinosis is asymptomatic, occurs in healthy patients, and includes scrotal calcinosis, Winer's nodular calcinosis or subepidermal calcified nodules, and familial tumor calcinosis.

Comparative assessment of flatfoot in preschool children.

Background: The increase or reduction of the medial longitudinal arch (MLA) can affect essential functions in the foot biomechanics with long-term health consequences. The aim of the present study was to determine the height of the MLA in children from 3 to 6 years of age through five methods of footprint analysis for the diagnosis of flat foot.

Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted with 367 children aged 3 to 6 years in a municipality of the State of Mexico.

Transcriptome and methylome analysis reveals three cellular origins of pituitary tumors.

Pituitary adenomas (PA) are the second most common intracranial tumors. These neoplasms are classified according to the hormone they produce. The majority of PA occur sporadically, and their molecular pathogenesis is incompletely understood.

Neo-clerodane diterpenic influence in the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties of Salvia circinnata Cav.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Mexico is considered an ancestral center of diversity of Salvia species, however many of them lack scientific information. Salvia circinnata Cav. (syn.

(-)-Epicatechin reduces muscle waste after complete spinal cord transection in a murine model: role of ubiquitin-proteasome system.

The skeletal muscle mass reduces 30-60% after spinal cord injury, this is mostly due to protein degradation through ubiquitin-proteasome system. In this work, we propose that the flavanol (-)-epicatechin, due its widespread biological effects on muscle health, can prevent muscle mass decrease after spinal cord injury. Thirty-six female Long Evans rats were randomized into 5 groups: (1) Spinal cord injury 7 days, (2) Spinal cord injury + (-)-epicatechin 7 days, (3) Spinal cord injury 30 days, (4) Spinal cord injury + (-)-epicatechin 30 days and (5) Sham (Only laminectomy).

Association of Genetic Polymorphisms in , , , and with the Clinical Forms of Dengue in Patients from Veracruz, Mexico.

Dengue manifestations range from a mild form, dengue fever (DF), to more severe forms such as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS). The ability of the host to present one of these clinical forms could be related to polymorphisms located in genes of the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) which activate the pro-inflammatory response. Therefore, the genotyping of single nucleotide genetic polymorphisms (SNPs) in (rs3775291 and rs6552950), (rs2737190, rs10759932, rs4986790, rs4986791, rs11536865, and rs10983755), (rs179008 and rs3853839), and (rs3764880, rs5741883, rs4830805, and rs1548731) was carried out in non-genetically related DHF patients, DF patients, and general population (GP) subjects.

Ultrastructural and proapoptotic-like effects of kaempferol in Giardia duodenalis trophozoites and bioinformatics prediction of its potential protein target.

Background: Kaempferol (KPF) is a flavonoid with antiparasitic activity including experimental giardiasis which mechanism of action is unknown.

Objective: To analyse the cytotoxic effects of KPF on Giardia duodenalis trophozoites and to identify a likely parasite target of this compound.

Methods: We used inhibitory concentrations of KPF (IC25, IC50 and IC100) and albendazole (ABZ) as reference drug.

Randomized Controlled Trial of Multi-Component Cognitive Stimulation Therapy (SADEM) in Community-Dwelling Demented Adults.

Background: Dementia is a persistent, progressive state of cognitive decline against which pharmacological intervention has a modest efficacy, reducing behavioral but not cognitive symptoms. Therefore, different non-pharmacological therapies have been developed; the most scientifically recognized are cognitive therapies that have improved cognitive function and daily life activities.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a multicomponent cognitive stimulation therapy (SADEM) on cognitive and behavioral function and daily life activities in patients with mild stage dementia.

Genotype-Environment Interaction Analysis of NQO1, CYP2E1, and NAT2 Polymorphisms and the Risk of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Report From the Mexican Interinstitutional Group for the Identification of the Causes of Childhood Leukemia.

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the main type of cancer in children. In Mexico and other Hispanic populations, the incidence of this neoplasm is one of the highest reported worldwide. Functional polymorphisms of various enzymes involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics have been associated with an increased risk of developing ALL, and the risk is different by ethnicity.

Carotid cavum aneurysm treated with Solitaire™ AB stent. Case report.

Background: In the cavum segment the internal carotid artery has more susceptibility formation of aneurysms. The Solitaire™ AB stent is a scaffold that do flow blood diversion and promotes the aneurysms exclusion by thrombosis.

Case Report: 63 year old female present pulsatile headache, diplopia, III left cranial nerve paresis and carried a cavum carotid saccular aneurysms of the left carotid artery.

SARS-CoV-2: previous coronaviruses, immune response, and development of vaccines.

Since the emergence of the new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in China at the end of 2019, when its characteristics were practically unknown, one aspect was evident: its high contagion rate. This high infection rate resulted in the spread of the virus in China, Europe, and, eventually, the rest of the world, including Mexico. At present, around 9 million people are infected, and around 470,000 have died worldwide.

Sex/Gender Modifies the Association Between the MC4R p.Ile269Asn Mutation and Type 2 Diabetes in the Mexican Population.

Context: Studies in mice and humans suggest that melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) deficiency affects body weight in a sex-/gender-dependent manner. However, similar evidence for type 2 diabetes (T2D) is scarce.

Objective And Design: We investigated whether sex/gender modifies the association between the loss-of-function MC4R p.