Evolution of the stage of chronic kidney disease from the diagnosis of hypertension in primary care.

Objective: To analyze the evolution of the stages of CKD and the progression of the estimation of glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in patients with newly diagnosed hypertension.

Design: Retrospective cohort. SITE: Family Medicine Unit No.

Magnesium-to-Calcium Ratio and Mortality from COVID-19.

Obesity, type 2 diabetes, arterial hypertension, decrease in immune response, cytokine storm, endothelial dysfunction, and arrhythmias, which are frequent in COVID-19 patients, are associated with hypomagnesemia. Given that cellular influx and efflux of magnesium and calcium involve the same transporters, we aimed to evaluate the association of serum magnesium-to-calcium ratio with mortality from severe COVID-19. The clinical and laboratory data of 1064 patients, aged 60.

The Protective Role of pVHL in Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasis-like Skin Inflammation.

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease distinguished by an excessive proliferation and abnormal differentiation of keratinocytes. Immune cells, such as T lymphocytes and neutrophils, and inflammatory cytokines, such as Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin 17 (IL-17), are essential for maintaining psoriatic lesions. Additionally, a hypoxic milieu present in the skin promotes the expression of transcriptional factor hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α).

The Genomic Landscape of Corticotroph Tumors: From Silent Adenomas to ACTH-Secreting Carcinomas.

Corticotroph cells give rise to aggressive and rare pituitary neoplasms comprising ACTH-producing adenomas resulting in Cushing disease (CD), clinically silent ACTH adenomas (SCA), Crooke cell adenomas (CCA) and ACTH-producing carcinomas (CA). The molecular pathogenesis of these tumors is still poorly understood. To better understand the genomic landscape of all the lesions of the corticotroph lineage, we sequenced the whole exome of three SCA, one CCA, four ACTH-secreting PA causing CD, one corticotrophinoma occurring in a CD patient who developed Nelson syndrome after adrenalectomy and one patient with an ACTH-producing CA.

Position statement on the use of albumin in liver cirrhosis.

Cirrhosis is characterised by a prolonged asymptomatic period in which the inflammation persists, increasing as the disease progresses. Characteristic of this is the increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines and pro-oxidant molecules which are determining factors in the development of multiple organ dysfunction. In the early development of cirrhosis, splanchnic arterial vasodilation, activation of vasoconstrictor systems (renin-angiotensin-aldosterone) and the sympathetic nervous system (noradrenaline) bring about bacterial translocation and systemic dissemination via portal circulation of bacterial products, and molecular patterns associated with damage, which exacerbate the systemic inflammation present in the patient with cirrhosis.

A controlled human infection model of Streptococcus pyogenes pharyngitis (CHIVAS-M75): an observational, dose-finding study.

Background: Streptococcus pyogenes is a leading cause of infection-related morbidity and mortality. A reinvigorated vaccine development effort calls for new clinically relevant human S pyogenes experimental infection models to support proof of concept evaluation of candidate vaccines. We describe the initial Controlled Human Infection for Vaccination Against S pyogenes (CHIVAS-M75) study, in which we aimed to identify a dose of emm75 S pyogenes that causes acute pharyngitis in at least 60% of volunteers when applied to the pharynx by swab.

Infant feeding practices and childhood acute leukemia: Findings from the Childhood Cancer & Leukemia International Consortium.

Increasing evidence suggests that breastfeeding may protect from childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, most studies have limited their analyses to any breastfeeding, and only a few data have examined exclusive breastfeeding, or other exposures such as formula milk. We performed pooled analyses and individual participant data metaanalyses of data from 16 studies (N = 17 189 controls; N = 10 782 ALL and N = 1690 AML cases) from the Childhood Leukemia International Consortium (CLIC) to characterize the associations of breastfeeding duration with ALL and AML, as well as exclusive breastfeeding duration and age at introduction to formula with ALL.

Risk factors for developing hepatocellular carcinoma in patients treated with direct-acting antivirals.

Introduction And Aim: Chronic hepatitis C is one of the main causes of cirrhosis of the liver. Treatment with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) improves survival. There is controversy as to whether AADs create an increased risk for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

A Case of Graves' Disease Following Vaccination with the Oxford-AstraZeneca SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine: Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Unlabelled: A 57-year-old man presented to the outpatient clinic with tremor, palpitations, weight loss and fatigue 1 week after receiving the first dose of the Oxford-AstraZeneca SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19). Laboratory studies showed a suppressed TSH with elevated total and free T4. Thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin antibodies were elevated but thyrotropin receptor autoantibodies were indeterminate.

Assessment of the Role of a Second Evaluation of Capsule Endoscopy Recordings to Improve Diagnostic Yield and Patient Management.

Introduction: The diagnostic yield (DY) of small-bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) varies considerably according to its indication. Some strategies have been used to increase DY with varying results. The intention of this study was to identify whether evaluation of the SBCE recordings by a second reviewer can increase DY and change patient management.

Metformin in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: Molecular Pathways and Its Clinical Implications.

Metformin is a synthetic biguanide that improves insulin sensitivity and reduces hepatic gluconeogenesis. Aside being the first-line therapy for Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), many pleiotropic effects have been discovered in recent years, such as its capacity to reduce cancer risk and tumorigenesis. Although widely studied, the effect of metformin on thyroid cancer remains controversial.

High Fructose and High Fat Diet Impair Different Types of Memory through Oxidative Stress in a Sex- and Hormone-Dependent Manner.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) contributes to the spread of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus type 2, and neurodegenerative diseases. Evaluation of sex- and hormone-dependent changes in body weight, blood pressure, blood lipids, oxidative stress markers, and alterations in different types of memory in Sprague-Dawley rats fed with a high fat and high fructose (HFHF) diet were evaluated. After 12 weeks of feeding the male and female rats with HFHF, body weight gain, increase in blood pressure, and generation of dyslipidemia compared to the animals fed with chow diet were observed.

[Not Available].

La creciente epidemia de obesidad ha sido uno de los retos más importantes de salud pública en México durante los últimos años. Con apoyo de la Federación Mundial de Obesidad, en 2021 formamos un grupo de profesionales para identificar y resumir las acciones prioritarias en las que puede enfocarse nuestro país para hacer frente a esta epidemia. Al proceso de desarrollo y discusión de este grupo se sumaron más de 1 000 profesionales de la salud para retomar recomendaciones de documentos y guías de alto nivel previamente publicados.

Consensus in acute myeloid leukemia in Mexico.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) comprises a heterogeneous group of hematopoietic cell neoplasms of myeloid lineage that arise from the clonal expansion of their precursors in the bone marrow, interfering with cell differentiation, leading to a syndrome of bone marrow failure. AML is a consequence of genetic and epigenetic changes (point mutations, gene rearrangements, deletions, amplifications, and arrangements in epigenetic changes that influence gene expression) in hematopoietic precursor cells, which create a clone of abnormal cells that are capable of proliferating but cannot differentiate into mature hematopoietic cells or undergo programmed cell death. The diagnosis requires more than 20% myeloid blasts in the bone marrow and certain cytogenic abnormalities.

Correlation between percentage of fat mass and level of disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis.

Introduction: Controversies exist regarding the relationship between body fat and disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The evaluation of the disease is critical for establishing treatment and prognosis. Fat mass could be a predictive factor for poor prognosis in rheumatoid arthritis because of its association with low- and high-grade inflammation.

Micronutrients of the one-carbon metabolism cycle are altered in mothers and neonates by gestational diabetes and are associated with weight, height and head circumference at birth.

While several studies have previously described the levels of one-carbon metabolism-related micronutrients in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and their neonates, the results in these literature reports have been contradictory. We hypothesized that the concentrations of micronutrients involved in the one-carbon cycle are altered in pregnant women and their neonates by GDM, and that these changes could further modify the neonatal anthropometry. Micronutrient levels were measured in 123 pregnant women with normal glucose levels (M-ND) and their neonates (N-ND), as well as in 54 pregnant women with gestational diabetes (M-GDM) and their neonates (M-GDM).

Genomic analysis of virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance of group B Streptococcus isolated from pregnant women in northeastern Mexico.

Introduction: Group B Streptococcus (GBS) causes infections in women during pregnancy and puerperium and invasive infections in newborns. The genes lmb, cylE, scpB, and hvgA are involved with increased virulence of GBS, and hypervirulent clones have been identified in different regions. In addition, increasing resistance of GBS to macrolides and lincosamides has been reported, so knowing the patterns of antibiotic resistance may be necessary to prevent and treat GBS infections.

Guía de práctica clínica mexicana para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de las dislipidemias y enfermedad cardiovascular aterosclerótica.

Antecedentes: Las enfermedades cardiovasculares son la principal causa mundial de mortalidad y México no es la excepción. Los datos epidemiológicos obtenidos en 1990 mostraron que los padecimientos cardiovasculares representaron el 19.8% de todas las causas de muerte en nuestro país; esta cifra se incrementó de manera significativa a un 25.

[Transplant patient and kidney graft survival in a retrospective cohort in Mexico].

Background: Knowledge of the functionality of the graft and patient survival is essential to assess the success of kidney transplantation.

Objective: To determine the survival of transplanted patients by type of donor and the functionality of kidney grafts in a cohort in Mexico.

Material And Methods: Kidney transplant cohort from 2013 to 2017 in Mexico.

[Correlation between ultrasonography and thorax portable radiography in patients with COVID-19].

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, portable chest radiography (portable CRx) and lung ultrasonography (LUS) have been widely used to follow up hospitalized patients. Yet, it is scarce the information about the relation between the signs observed by means of each method in patients with COVID-19.

Objective: To assess the correlation between concurrent images acquired by LUS and portable CRx during the follow-up of hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

Antihyperglycemic Effects of Cav. and Its Terpenoids: α-Glucosidase and SGLT1 Inhibitors.

The antihyperglycemic activity of ethanolic extract from (EESpS) and its products was evaluated using in vivo, ex vivo and in silico assays; additionally, an acute toxicity assay was evaluated. EESpS was classified as a nontoxic class 5 drug. EESpS, ethyl acetate fraction (EtOAcFr), secondary-6-fraction (SeFr6), ursolic acid (UA), and oleanolic acid (OA) reduced the hyperglycemia in DM2 mice.

Expanding the Study of the Cytotoxicity of Incomptines A and B against Leukemia Cells.

Heliangolide-type sesquiterpene lactones (HTSLs) are phytocompounds with several pharmacological activities including cytotoxic and antitumor activity. Both bioactivities are related to an α-methylene-γ-lactone moiety and an ester group on carbon C-8 in the sesquiterpene lactone (SL) structure. Two HTSLs, incomptines A () and B () isolated from , were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity on three leukemia cell lines: HL-60, K-562, and REH cells.

Evolution of Spinal Cord Transection of Rhesus Monkey Implanted with Polymer Synthesized by Plasma Evaluated by Diffusion Tensor Imaging.

In spinal cord injury (SCI) there is damage to the nervous tissue, due to the initial damage and pathophysiological processes that are triggered subsequently. There is no effective therapeutic strategy for motor functional recovery derived from the injury. Several studies have demonstrated neurons growth in cell cultures on polymers synthesized by plasma derived from pyrrole, and the increased recovery of motor function in rats by implanting the polymer in acute states of the SCI in contusion and transection models.

[Within-subject variability of the 6-minute walk test].

Background: The 6-minute walk test assesses the ability to perform exercise and it is widely used, of low cost, and of diverse variability.

Objective: To define the usefulness of a second 6-minute walk test performed 30 minutes from the first. Material and methods.

The kinome, cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases of pituitary adenomas, a look into the gene expression profile among tumors from different lineages.

Background: Pituitary adenomas (PA) are the second most common intracranial tumors and are classified according to hormone they produce, and the transcription factors they express. The majority of PA occur sporadically, and their molecular pathogenesis is incompletely understood.

Methods: Here we performed transcriptome and proteome analysis of tumors derived from POU1F1 (GH-, TSH-, and PRL-tumors, N = 16), NR5A1 (gonadotropes and null cells adenomas, n = 17) and TBX19 (ACTH-tumors, n = 6) lineages as well as from silent ACTH-tumors (n = 3) to determine expression of kinases, cyclins, CDKs and CDK inhibitors.