Task force of the Brazilian Society of Otology - evaluation and management of peripheral facial palsy.

Objective: To review key evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of peripheral facial palsy in children and adults.

Methods: Task force members were educated on knowledge synthesis methods, including electronic database search, review and selection of relevant citations, and critical appraisal of selected studies. Articles written in English or Portuguese on peripheral facial palsy were eligible for inclusion.

Multiple Myeloma (Part 1) - Update on Epidemiology, Diagnostic Criteria, Systemic Treatment and Prognosis.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy characterized by unregulated and clonal proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow; these cells produce and secrete an anomalous monoclonal immunoglobulin, or a fragment of this, called M protein. The clinical manifestations of MM result from the proliferation of these plasmocytes, the excessive production of monoclonal immunoglobulin and the suppression of normal humoral immunity, leading to hypercalcemia, bone destruction, renal failure, suppression of hematopoiesis and humoral immunity, increasing the risk for the development of infections. The increase in life expectancy of the world population led to a concomitant increase in the prevalence of MM, a pathology that usually affects the elderly population.

Cancer risk-reducing surgery: Brazilian Society of Surgical Oncology Guideline Part 2 (Gastrointestinal and thyroid).

Background: Risk-reducing operations are an important part of the management of hereditary predisposition to cancer. In selected cases, they can considerably reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with cancer in this population.

Objectives: The Brazilian Society of Surgical Oncology (BSSO) developed this guideline to establish national benchmarks for cancer risk-reducing operations.

Coping with complexity in the COVID pandemic: An exploratory study of intensive care units.

Although the COVID pandemic has challenged the resilience of health services in general, this impact has been most visible in intensive care units (ICUs). This paper presents an exploratory study of how ICUs in Brazil have coped with the complexity stemming from the pandemic. Five guidelines for coping with complexity were adopted as analytical framework.

Machine Learning-based Prediction Model for Treatment of Acromegaly With First-generation Somatostatin Receptor Ligands.

Context: Artificial intelligence (AI), in particular machine learning (ML), may be used to deeply analyze biomarkers of response to first-generation somatostatin receptor ligands (fg-SRLs) in the treatment of acromegaly.

Objective: To develop a prediction model of therapeutic response of acromegaly to fg-SRL.

Methods: Patients with acromegaly not cured by primary surgical treatment and who had adjuvant therapy with fg-SRL for at least 6 months after surgery were included.

International Consensus Statement: Spontaneous Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea.

Background: The association between spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak/rhinorrhea and idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) has been increasingly recognized over the last years. However, considerable variability of opinion regarding the assessment, investigations, and management of patients with spontaneous CSF rhinorrhea remains.

Methods: A consensus group was formed from experts from Europe, Asia, Australia, South and North America.

A Brazilian multicentre study evaluating pregnancies induced by cabergoline in patients harboring prolactinomas.

Objective: To evaluate the maternal-fetal outcomes of CAB-induced pregnancies in patients with prolactinoma in a large cohort.

Methods: The prevalence of tumor growth, miscarriage, preterm, low birth weight, congenital malformations and impairment in neuropsychological development in children among women treated with CAB were assessed in a Brazilian multicentre retrospective observational study, RESULTS: We included 194 women with a mean age of 31 (17-45) years, 43.6% presenting microadenomas and 56.

Proteomics of Rat Lungs Infected by Reveals a Potential Warburg-like Effect.

is the causative agent of cryptococcosis infection that can lead to pneumonia and meningitis in immunocompetent individuals. The molecular basis of the pathogenic process and impact on the host biochemistry are poorly understood and remain largely unknown. In this context, a comparative proteomic analysis was performed to investigate the response of the host during an infection caused by .

Effects of exercise training on endothelial function in individuals with hypertension: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

A slight increase (1%) in endothelial function is associated with reduction of cardiovascular risks by 13% in individuals with cardiovascular disease risk, including those with hypertension. Thus, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy of exercise training on endothelial function in individuals with hypertension.We included randomized clinical trials (RCTs) with adult participants diagnosed with hypertension undergoing exercise training (≥4 weeks), and the primary outcome was endothelial function, measured by flow-mediated dilatation (FMD).

Alcohol and Road Traffic Injuries in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Case-Crossover Study.

Background: This study reports dose-response estimates for the odds ratio (OR) and population attributable risk of acute alcohol use and road traffic injury (RTI).

Methods: Data were analyzed on 1,119 RTI patients arriving at 16 emergency departments (EDs) in Argentina, Brazil, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, and Trinidad and Tobago. Case-crossover analysis, pair-matching the number of standard drinks consumed within the 6 hours prior to the RTI with 2 control periods (prior d/wk), was performed using fractional polynomial analysis for dose-response.

Cardiovascular risk assessment in patients with diabetes.

Although patients with diabetes have 2 to 4 times increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality than individuals without diabetes, recent studies indicate that a significant part of patients are in a lower cardiovascular risk category. Men younger than 35 years, women younger than 45 years, patients with diabetes duration of less than 10 years without other risk factors have a much lower risk than patients who have traditional cardiovascular risk factors, and subclinical or established coronary artery disease (CAD). These patients are not risk equivalent as stated in previous studies.

[Advances in the management of neonatal hypoxia].

Introduction: During the birth, physiological changes occur in virtually all organs of the child, including the central nervous system. In this transitional phase, it is possible some degree of hypoxemia, generally well tolerated by the newborn. But, if neonatal hypoxia is intense and continuous it can lead to neonatal encephalopathy, which characterizes a critical situation for the infant.

Differential diagnosis between dementia and psychiatric disorders: Diagnostic criteria and supplementary exams. Recommendations of the Scientific Department of Cognitive Neurology and Aging of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology.

In 2005, the Scientific Department of Cognitive Neurology and Aging of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology published recommendations for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease These recommendations were updated following a review of evidence retrieved from national and international studies held on PUBMED, SCIELO and LILACS medical databases. The main aims of this review article are as follows: 1) to present the evidence found on Brazilian (LILACS, SCIELO) and International (MEDLINE) databases from articles published up to May 2011, on the differential diagnosis of these psychiatric disorders and dementia, with special focus on Dementia due to Alzheimer's and vascular dementia, including a review of supplementary exams which may facilitate the diagnostic process; and2) to propose recommendations for use by clinicians and researchers involved in diagnosing patients with dementia. Differential diagnosis between dementia and other neuropsychiatric disorders should always include assessments for depression, , and use of psychoactive substances, as well as investigate the use of benzodiazepines, anti-epileptics and pattern of alcohol consumption.

Nocturnal reflux in children and adolescents with persistent asthma and gastroesophageal reflux.

Background: A higher frequency of nocturnal gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in adult patients with respiratory symptoms has been demonstrated. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of nocturnal GER by using prolonged intraesophageal pH monitoring and compare it with spirometry results in children with persistent asthma.

Methods: Thirty-eight patients with persistent asthma for at least 2 years were studied.

[Re-signification of the human in the context of the "ciborgzation": a look at the human being-machine relationship in intensive care].

This study discusses the human being-machine relationship in the process called "cyborgzation" of the nurse who works in intensive care, based on post-structuralist Cultural Studies and highlighting Haraway's concept of cyborg. In it, manuals used by nurses in Intensive Care Units have been examined as cultural texts. This cultural analysis tries to decode the various senses of "human" and "machine", with the aim of recognizing processes that turn nurses into cyborgs.

[Sick bodies textualized through images: what contemporary intensive care units can teach us].

This paper belongs to a dissertation in which, what we have call "nursing worker cyborgizing" in intensive therapy is discussed. In order to carry out this discussion we based our work on cultural theorizing, as well as on Donna Haraway understanding of cyborg. For the corpses analysis manuals and assistance protocols were used.

[Posttraumatic stress disorder and bipolar mood disorder].

Bipolar disorder (BD) is not only an endogenous condition. Severe negative life events have been shown to influence the development of the first episode and lifetime course of BD. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a severe and incapacitating mental condition that affect a significant proportion of the general population at some time in their lives.

[A study of psychomotor development in premature patients during their first year].

Introduction: It is necessary to differentiate neurological evaluation in the different stages of development, which include the premature newborn infant (PNI), the full term newborn, the unweaned baby, the child and the teenager. Several studies have shown the importance of using the corrected age when exploring the psychomotor development of premature babies.

Casuistics And Method: The population we studied was made up of a cohort of PNI who were born in the Hospital de Cl nicas de Porto Alegre and were monitored until they reached the age of 12 months.

[The communication process in the care of patients during echocardiography].

The article reviews some aspects of the communication process, its basic concepts, how it is approached in the theories of the nurses, and proposes to make reflections on the communication in the context of the patient undergoing the stress-echo study. Our goal is to emphasize and to rescue some important aspects related to the communication in health allies area, which is practiced in a constant manner in the daily practices of the nurse. Finally, this paper wishes to emphasize the importance of the knowledge of this process, incorporating it to the practice.