Antimicrobial consumption and resistance in a tertiary care hospital in Brazil: a 7-year time series.

Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major public health challenge globally. This study aimed to analyze the antibacterial consumption (ATBc), and the incidence of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO), focusing on pathogens Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp. (ESKAPE group), in a Brazilian tertiary care hospital.

A comprehensive review of non-invasive optical and microwave biosensors for glucose monitoring.

Frequent glucose monitoring is essential for effective diabetes management. Currently, glucose monitoring is done using invasive methods such as finger-pricking and subcutaneous sensing. However, these methods can cause discomfort, heighten the risk of infection, and some sensing devices need frequent calibration.

Adverse Effects of Chemotherapy and the Interaction With Anesthesia: A Narrative Review.

Many cancer patients have their main tumors surgically removed with the goal of curing them, or as part of palliative care. When a patient receives general anesthesia, the side effects of the administered chemotherapy regimens must be considered, especially those that may have significant repercussions during anesthetic care. The aim of this study is to review the existing literature to identify adverse effects of chemotherapy and known interactions between chemotherapy and anesthetic drugs, analyze the mechanisms underlying these interactions, and discuss relevant clinical implications.

Management of febrile neutropenia: consensus of the Brazilian Association of Hematology, Blood Transfusion and Cell Therapy - ABHH.

Febrile neutropenia is a major complication of the treatment of patients with hematologic diseases. Recent epidemiologic changes, with an increase in infection caused by drug-resistant bacteria, represent a major challenge for the proper management of febrile neutropenia. The impact of these changes in the epidemiology of infection may vary according to the region.

Prevalence of hospital malnutrition in patients using nutritional support.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of malnutrition in hospitalized patients using nutritional support, considering it's difficult to achieve nutritional goal and great risk to increase malnutrition.

Methods: A cross-sectional study with 102 patients over 18 years in use of enteral and/or parenteral nutritional therapy and monitored by the Nutritional Therapy Committee between December 2021 and August 2022. All data were collected from electronic medical records.

Biofilm and Its Characteristics in Venous Ulcers.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to analyze the characteristics of the biofilm of venous ulcers in terms of location and formation and to relate the presence of the biofilm to ulcer characteristics including duration, injured area, and necrotic tissue.

Design: Descriptive clinical study.

Materials And Methods: We obtained 2 biopsy fragments (tissue samples) from 44 patients with venous ulcers treated at a public outpatient clinic in a university hospital in Belo Horizonte, Brazil.

III BRAZILIAN CONSENSUS STATEMENT ON ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASOUND.

Background: In the past decades, endoscopic ultrasound has developed from a diagnostic tool to a platform for many therapeutic interventions. Various technological advancements have emerged since the last Brazilian Consensus, demanding a review and update of the recommendations based on the best scientific evidence.

Methods: A group of 32 renowned echoendoscopists selected eight relevant topics to be discussed to generate clinical questions.

Prognostic Evaluation of Chagasic and Non-Chagasic Patients Undergoing Pacemaker Implantation and Cardiac Resynchronization in a Tertiary Center.

Background: Chagas cardiomyopathy (ChCC) is one of the causes of the implantation of pacemakers (PM) in many patients and has been associated with an adverse prognosis.

Objectives: To compare the prognosis of the chagasic and non-chagasic populations undergoing PM and cardiac resynchronizer implantation.

Methods: Observational, retrospective study, which analyzed a cohort of patients who underwent implantation of these devices, in a tertiary center, from October 2007 to December 2017, comparing the chagasic group with non-chagasic patients.

Predictors of Mortality in Patients with Cardiac Device-Related Infective Endocarditis.

Infective endocarditis (IE) associated with implantable cardiac devices (ICD) is a serious disease with high mortality rates. The increased number of ICD implants has led to increased ICD infection rates. The aim of this study was to characterize clinical, laboratory profiles and the prognosis of cardiac-device-related endocarditis (CDIE), as well as to identify predictors of in-hospital death.

Angiotensin-(1-7) decreases inflammation and lung damage caused by betacoronavirus infection in mice.

Objective: Pro-resolving molecules, including the peptide Angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)], have potential adjunctive therapy for infections. Here we evaluate the actions of Ang-(1-7) in betacoronavirus infection in mice.

Methods: C57BL/6J mice were infected intranasally with the murine betacoronavirus MHV-3 and K18-hACE2 mice were infected with SARS-CoV-2.

The angiotensin-(1-7)/MasR axis improves pneumonia caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Extending the therapeutic window for antibiotic therapy.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a frequent cause of antimicrobial-resistant hospital-acquired pneumonia, especially in critically ill patients. Inflammation triggered by P. aeruginosa infection is necessary for bacterial clearance but must be spatially and temporally regulated to prevent further tissue damage and bacterial dissemination.

HEPATOPULMONARY SYNDROME IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH PORTAL HYPERTENSION - AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW.

Background: Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is characterized by the triad of abnormal arterial oxygenation caused by intrapulmonary vascular dilatations (IPVD) in the setting of advanced liver disease or portal hypertension, impacting the patient's quality of life and survival. There are still many gaps in the literature on this topic, especially in pediatrics, with practices frequently based on extrapolation of data obtained from adults.

Objective: Provide a synthesis of the current knowledge about HPS in children.

Genetics of posttraumatic stress disorder and cardiovascular conditions using Life's Essential 8, Electronic Health Records, and Heart Imaging.

Background: Patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) experience higher risk of adverse cardiovascular (CV) outcomes. This study explores shared loci, and genes between PTSD and CV conditions from three major domains: CV diagnoses from electronic health records (CV-EHR), cardiac and aortic imaging, and CV health behaviors defined in Life's Essential 8 (LE8).

Methods: We used genome-wide association study (GWAS) of PTSD (N=1,222,882), 246 CV diagnoses based on EHR data from Million Veteran Program (MVP; N=458,061), UK Biobank (UKBB; N=420,531), 82 cardiac and aortic imaging traits (N=26,893), and GWAS of traits defined in the LE8 (N = 282,271 ~ 1,320,016).

Prevalence analysis of Chagas disease by age group in an endemic region of Brazil: possible scenario of active vectorial transmission.

Objectives: Chagas disease (CD) is an infectious disease that predominantly affects poor and vulnerable populations. The last estimate conducted by the World Health Organization in Latin America regarding the prevalence of CD occurred more than 10 years ago. However, there is a scarcity of data assessing the magnitude of CD in populations residing in considered high-risk regions.

Off-Label Use of Buttress Calcaneal Plate in Medial Distal Femoral Fracture to Augment Internal Fixation.

Background: High-energy traumatic fractures represent a challenge for orthopaedic surgeons because there are a great variety of morphologic patterns and associated injuries. Although the incidence is higher in developing countries, these fractures pose a major financial burden all over the world because of their considerable hospital length of stay, time away from work, rate of failure to return to work, complications, and cost of treatment. Since the fracture patterns are so variable, some cases may have a lack of available specific osteosynthesis implants, despite recent advancements in implant engineering.

Alkaline phosphatase and liver fibrosis at diagnosis are associated with deep response to ursodeoxycholic acid in primary biliary cholangitis.

Objective: Primary biliary cholangitis is a chronic and progressive autoimmune liver disease, whose prognosis can be improved by normalizing alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin. While ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is first line standard of care, approximately 40 % of patients exhibit incomplete response. We aimed to identify prognostic markers for deep response to UDCA therapy at presentation.