Biomarkers for autism spectrum disorder: a short review.

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by social disabilities and stereotyped behaviors. There is a relevant social impact on autistic people's lives and, therefore, biomarkers have become relevant for understanding neurobiological mechanisms.

Objective: This study aims to review current knowledge about the role of biomarkers and their main scientific evidence in autism.

Intracranial aneurysm coexisting with pituitary adenoma: a systematic review.

Introduction: The simultaneous occurrence of intracranial aneurysms (IA) and primary brain tumors (BT) is frequently reported, with an estimated incidence of 0.5-7.4%.

Plant biomonitoring in urban ecosystems: a comprehensive review in Sao Paulo.

Air, water, and soil pollution pose significant threats to environmental and human health, particularly in rapidly urbanising regions. This comprehensive review evaluates the scientific literature on plant biomonitoring in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, from 2009 to 2019, aiming to compile data for future research, assess the distribution of biomonitoring studies, and analyse their relationship to human health outcomes. To the extent of our knowledge, a review according to the criteria of this article has not yet been carried out.

Evidence of Clinical and Laboratory Correlation of Itraconazole Resistance in Infection: Case Report.

Sporotrichosis is a subcutaneous infection caused by fungi from the genus , among which displays high virulence and transmissibility. So far, classical antifungal agents have been efficient against , but here we describe the first case of therapeutic failure and a high minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in relation to itraconazole.

Effect of Tele-ICU on Clinical Outcomes of Critically Ill Patients: The TELESCOPE Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Despite its implementation in several countries, there has not been a randomized clinical trial to assess whether telemedicine in intensive care units (ICUs) could improve clinical outcomes of critically ill patients.

Objective: To determine whether an intervention comprising daily multidisciplinary rounds and monthly audit and feedback meetings performed by a remote board-certified intensivist reduces ICU length of stay (LOS) compared with usual care.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A parallel cluster randomized clinical trial with a baseline period in 30 general ICUs in Brazil in which daily multidisciplinary rounds performed by board-certified intensivists were not routinely available.

Zika virus and brain cancer: Can Zika be an effective treatment for brain cancer? A systematic review.

Introduction: Many studies have highlighted the use of oncolytic viruses as a new class of therapeutic agents for central nervous system (CNS) tumors, especially glioblastomas (GMB). Zika Virus (ZIKV) proteins targeted to specific stem cells have been studied and animal models with promising results.

Materials And Methods: A systematic review was evaluated the efficacy and safety of the ZIKV use for CNS tumors treatment.

The Effects of Glibenclamide on Cognitive Performance, Quality of Life, and Emotional Aspects Among Patients With Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is associated with a high incidence of long-term cognitive impairment, decreased quality of life (QoL), and psychiatric disorders. The effects of glibenclamide on such outcomes in the setting of aSAH are unknown.

Objective: To assess the impact of glibenclamide in patients with aSAH on cognitive performance, QoL, and emotional aspects.

Updates in diagnosis and treatment of pediatric antiphospholipid syndrome.

Purpose Of Review: This review offers an overview of the most important recent articles on pediatric APS.

Recent Findings: Non-thrombotic extra criteria manifestations were prevalent in pediatric APS. Pregnancy morbidity has been described as the first manifestation of APS at youth age, impairing gestational outcomes.

Electrovectorcardiographic study of left ventricular aneurysm in ischemic heart disease.

The aim was to characterize the electrovectorcardiographic pattern of ventricular aneurysms in ischemic cardiopathy by analyzing the cardiac ventricular repolarization. The medical records of 2,670 individuals were analyzed in this cross-sectional study. A test phase included 33 patients who underwent transthoracic echocardiogram with ultrasonic enhancing agent, electrocardiogram, and vectorcardiogram (aneurysm group -  = 22, and akinesia group -  = 11).

Proximal endoscopic repair of the hamstring tendons: a cadaveric anatomical study of posterior hip portals.

Arthroscopy and endoscopic hip surgery have attracted increasing attention in the orthopedic field. In the case of arthroscopy, portals and their relationships with neurovascular bundle structures at risk are well established. However, studies on endoscopic portals used for the repair of hamstring tendon injuries are insufficient.

Comparative effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of cardioprotective glucose-lowering therapies for type 2 diabetes in Brazil: a Bayesian network model.

Background: The escalating prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) poses an unparalleled economic catastrophe to developing countries. Cardiovascular diseases remain the primary source of costs among individuals with T2DM, incurring expenses for medications, hospitalizations, and surgical interventions. Compelling evidence suggests that the risk of cardiovascular outcomes can be reduced by three classes of glucose-lowering therapies (GLT), including SGLT2i, GLP-1A, and pioglitazone.

Using Machine Learning to Predict Nonachievement of Clinically Significant Outcomes After Rotator Cuff Repair.

Background: Although some evidence suggests that machine learning algorithms may outperform classical statistical methods in prognosis prediction for several orthopaedic surgeries, to our knowledge, no study has yet used machine learning to predict patient-reported outcome measures after rotator cuff repair.

Purpose: To determine whether machine learning algorithms using preoperative data can predict the nonachievement of the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) of disability at 2 years after rotator cuff surgical repair with a similar performance to that of other machine learning studies in the orthopaedic surgery literature.

Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3.

A real-world analysis of outcomes and healthcare costs of patients on perindopril/indapamide/amlodipine single-pill vs. multiple-pill combination in Italy.

Objectives: This analysis compared adherence, cardiovascular (CV) events and all-cause mortality incidence, and healthcare costs among hypertensive patients treated with perindopril (PER)/indapamide (IND)/amlodipine (AML) in single-pill combination (SPC) vs. multiple-pill combination, in a real-world setting in Italy.

Methods: In this observational retrospective analysis of Italian administrative databases, adult patients treated with PER/IND/AML between 2010 and 2020 were divided into two cohorts: single-pill vs.

Immunomodulatory response in an experimental model of brain death.

Liver transplantation has come a long way and is now regarded as the gold standard treatment for end-stage liver failure. The great majority of livers utilized in transplantation come from brain-dead donors. A broad inflammatory response characterizes BD, resulting in multiorgan damage.

Carotid Artery Operation Delay During the Covid-19 Pandemic: Results of a Multicenter International Study.

Background: To measure the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the management of patients with carotid artery stenosis.

Methods: We prospectively collected data from 25 centers (19 centers in the United States and 6 centers internationally) on postponed carotid artery operations between March 2020 and January 2022. We describe the characteristics of these patients and their planned operations, along with outcomes including mortality and neurological deterioration during the period of operative delay due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Understanding the Elevated Lethality of COVID-19 in Liver Transplant Recipients: Does Immunosuppression Management Matter? Results from a Brazilian Multicentric Historical Cohort.

Background: Infections by SARS-CoV-2 in liver transplant recipients (LT) patients are of particular concern, notably due to perceived added risks related to immunosuppression and comorbidity burden. Current literature on this topic often relies on small, non-standardized, and geographically limited studies. This manuscript describes COVID-19 presentations and causes for elevated mortality in a large cohort of LT recipients.

Inflammatory cytokines and white matter microstructure in the acute phase of first-episode psychosis: A longitudinal study.

Objectives: Schizophrenia-related psychosis is associated with abnormalities in white matter (WM) microstructure and structural brain dysconnectivity. However, the pathological process underlying such changes is unknown. We sought to investigate the potential association between peripheral cytokine levels and WM microstructure during the acute phase of first-episode psychosis (FEP) in a cohort of drug-naïve patients.

Smoking induces increased apoptosis in osteoblasts: changes in bone matrix organic components.

Clinical studies demonstrate the impact of smoking on bone tissue fragility and higher incidence of fractures. However, it is not totally understood which physiological mechanisms could be involved in these events. Previously, we showed important changes in bone tissue components in experimental model of cigarette smoke (CS) exposure.