[Primary manifestation of Hodgkin lymphoma in adenoid. About a case].

Lymphomas are the second leading cause of malignancy in head and neck. Hodgkin's disease (HD) accounts for only 10-35% of all cases, where the lymph node is affected in 70-80%. We present the case of a patient with HD with extranodal involvement, given the rarity of this entity.

[Usefulness of ultrasonography in diagnosing patients suspect for digestive tract neoplasms].

Background: The Positive Predictive Value (PPV) of signs and symptoms for the diagnosis of colon and gastric cancer is low. Furthermore, many patients are referred to us to discard a digestive tract neoplasm with no symptoms suggestive of its whereabouts, in whom clinical PPV is even lower. This study evaluates the usefulness of ultrasonography as a first approach to diagnosis.

Influence of glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 homozygous null mutations on the risk of antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity in a Caucasian population.

Objectives: Genetic variations in enzymes of isoniazid metabolism confer an increased risk for antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity in Asian populations. The present study was aimed at investigating the possible association of antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity with polymorphisms at the glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene in a Caucasian population.

Methods: A prospective case-control study was nested in a cohort of patients with active tuberculosis who were treated with a combination of isoniazid, rifampicin and pyrazinamide.

[Usefulness of digestive ultrasonography in the assessment of ulcerative colitis extent].

Introduction: A full examination of the colon should be avoided upon finding severe endoscopic lesions in patients with ulcerative colitis. However, knowledge of the precise extent of disease is quite important for disease prognosis and the making of therapeutic decisions. Therefore, any validation of a non-invasive technique to assess the extent of ulcerative colitis gains a lot of interest and importance.

[Vascular graft-associated infection: successful management without graft removal].

Introduction: Removal of graft with intravenous antibiotics is traditionally considered the most effective treatment of vascular graft-associated infections. However, an increasing number of reports suggests that this complication can be effectively treated without graft removal.

Methods: A prospective study to evaluate the outcome of conservative management of vascular graft-associated infection seen in our center was performed.

[Spontaneous pneumomediastinum mimicking Boerhaave's syndrome].

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is an uncommon benign disorder that usually occurs in young men. Because of its clinical features and physiopathologic mechanism, other, more serious disorders that could require urgent treatment, such as Boerhaave's syndrome or spontaneous esophageal rupture, must be ruled out. We report the case of a 19-year-old man with no relevant history, who presented mediastinal emphysema after an episode of repeated vomiting in the context of alcohol abuse.

Intrauterine myocardial infarction: unsuspected diagnosis in the delivery room.

We present a case study of intrauterine myocardial infarction. A female neonate suffered from cardiopulmonary arrest at birth. She presented with refractory cardiogenic shock and died.

[Prevalence of type 2 diabetes in the preoperative assessment interview].

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in preoperative anesthetic assessment interviews during May 2004 and to compare the results to prevalences reported in other studies.

Patients And Methods: Patients over the age of 20 years who received an assessment interview were included. Type 1 diabetics, pregnant women, and critically ill patients were excluded.

[Effect of different bronchial washing sequences on diagnostic yield in endoscopically visible lung cancer].

Objective: Aspiration of bronchial wash fluid is commonly used in conjunction with brushing and forceps biopsy to diagnose endoscopically visible lung cancer. However, the optimal sequence of these procedures is subject to debate. The objective of this study was to determine if the order in which bronchial washing is performed relative to bronchial brushing and forceps biopsy has any effect on the diagnostic yield.

Enteric duplication cyst resembling umbilical cord cyst.

We report a case of a neonatal male with a prenatal diagnosis of umbilical cord cyst that was finally diagnosed as an ileal duplication cyst after post-natal surgical exploration of the umbilical mass. To our knowledge, a similar case has never been reported previously. Although this form of presentation of enteric duplication cyst is exceptional, it should be taken into consideration when evaluating suspected umbilical cord cysts.

Uterus didelphys with obstructed hemivagina and multicystic dysplastic kidney.

Müllerian malformations include a broad range of anomalies, resulting from the incomplete formation and/or differentiation of the Müllerian ducts. The uterus didelphys with obstructed hemivagina represents the result of a lateral nonfusion of the Müllerian ducts with asymmetric obstruction, and it is almost always associated with renal agenesis. We report a case of incidental discovery of this anomaly in a 12-year-old girl during a routine renal ultrasound.

[Stapedectomy: our results].

Objective: The aim of this study is to value the hearing results obtained in our department following stapedectomy and the reasons of primary failures.

Material And Method: We present a retrospective study of 95 stapedectomies in 82 patients, performed from January 1997 to September 2002 at Hospital Xeral-Cies of Vigo (Pontevedra).

Results: Medium presurgical audiometric threshold was 65.

[Transbronchial needle aspiration of diseased mediastinal lymph nodes: predictors of positive findings].

Objective: To assess the factors that may determine the effectiveness of transbronchial needle aspiration through a flexible bronchoscope in the diagnosis of diseased mediastinal lymph nodes in patients with lung or extrapulmonary tumors.

Methods: Prospective study carried out at 2 hospitals between 1998 and 2004 that included all transbronchial needle aspirations performed on patients who had diseased mediastinal lymph nodes larger than 10 mm and nonlymphoid neoplasms. Univariate and multivariate analysis of the diagnostic results of transbronchial needle aspiration were performed according to the type and location of the primary neoplasm and the lymph node station biopsied, the diameter of the affected node, endoscopic findings, and the results of other bronchoscopic techniques.

[Fournier's gangrene: anatomo-clinical features in adults and children. Therapy update].

Fournier's gangrene is a skin infectious-necrotising process in the peri-neogenital area affecting males, usually in their sixties or seventies. Isolated flora from cultures of the necrotic lesion is commonly multi-microbial. In a majority of cases both aerobic and anaerobic micro-organisms are found in the cultures, Escherichia coli being the most commonly identified germ.

[Class 1 integrons in Enterobacteriaceae and its association with multidrug resistance and conjugative plasmids].

The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance genes is a cause of concern. The combination of antimicrobial resistance genes and mobile genetic elements leads to their widespread presence in different bacterial species, in which integrons are a new and important element. We studied the presence of integrons in 123 unrelated enterobacteria and identified them in 20.

[Strongyloides stercoralis in the south of Galicia].

Strongyloides stercoralis is the only parasite which can produce a chronic illness in humans, being through autoinfection. This nematode can also provoke death when patient's immunologic state deteriorates producing a massive hyper infection. The first patient with strongyloidiasis who has always lived in the Galician South area is described.

Serous cystadenoma of the pancreas in a child.

Pancreatic tumors are very rare in children. Until now, approximately 150 cases have been reported in the English-language medical literature. Only 4 of them represented serous cystadenoma.

[An immunohistochemistry study of p53 protein in squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx].

P53 protein detects damages in DNA, stopping the cellular cycle to repair it and stimulates "apoptosis" or programmed death cell when it cannot do it. We present an immunohistochemistry study of 58 squamous cell carcinomas of larynx operated between 1991 and 1996 and in which we detected the overexpression of P53 in 31 cases (53.44%).