[Identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms related to frailty].

Introduction: The search for biomarkers that can lead to the early diagnosis and thus, early treatment of frailty, has become one of the main challenges facing the geriatric scientific community. The aim of the present study was to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to frailty.

Material And Methods: The study was conducted on 152 subjects from the Toledo Study for Healthy Aging (65 to 95 years of age), and classified as frail (n=78), and non-frail (n=74), according to Fried's criteria.

Force-velocity profiling in older adults: An adequate tool for the management of functional trajectories with aging.

Introduction: The actual mechanisms leading to a reduced muscle power and functional ability in older adults are poorly understood. We investigated the association between different force-velocity (F-V) profiles and impaired muscle power, physical and cognitive function, frailty, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in older people.

Methods: Physical function (habitual gait speed, timed up-and-go test, sit-to-stand and stair-climbing ability), cognitive function, HRQoL and frailty were evaluated in 31 older subjects (70-85 years).

Patterns of circulating fat-soluble vitamins and carotenoids and risk of frailty in four European cohorts of older adults.

Purpose: To investigate the cross-sectional and prospective associations between patterns of serum fat-soluble micronutrients and frailty in four European cohorts of older adults 65 years of age and older.

Methods: Participants from the Three-City (Bordeaux, France), AMI (Gironde, France), TSHA (Toledo, Spain) and InCHIANTI (Tuscany, Italy) cohorts with available data on serum α-carotene, β-carotene, lycopene, cryptoxanthin, lutein + zeaxanthin, retinol, α-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D) were included. A principal component (PC) analysis was used to derive micronutrient patterns.

Characterization of CD34 hematopoietic cells in systemic mastocytosis: Potential role in disease dissemination.

Background: Recent studies show that most systemic mastocytosis (SM) patients, including indolent SM (ISM) with (ISMs+) and without skin lesions (ISMs-), carry the KIT D816V mutation in PB leukocytes. We investigated the potential association between the degree of involvement of BM hematopoiesis by the KIT D816V mutation and the distribution of different maturation-associated compartments of bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) CD34 hematopoietic precursors (HPC) in ISM and identified the specific PB cell compartments that carry this mutation.

Methods: The distribution of different maturation-associated subsets of BM and PB CD34 HPC from 64 newly diagnosed (KIT-mutated) ISM patients and 14 healthy controls was analyzed by flow cytometry.

Skeletal Muscle Power Measurement in Older People: A Systematic Review of Testing Protocols and Adverse Events.

Background: Muscle power has been proposed to be the primary therapeutic target for resistance training interventions aimed at enhancing physical function in older adults. However, no recommendations exist on ideal testing protocols to assess muscle power in older adults, and the safety of this procedure has not been adequately evaluated in the literature.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted to identify studies evaluating muscle power exerted by older people in resistance exercises through May 2017.

Reallocating Accelerometer-Assessed Sedentary Time to Light or Moderate- to Vigorous-Intensity Physical Activity Reduces Frailty Levels in Older Adults: An Isotemporal Substitution Approach in the TSHA Study.

Introduction: The effects of replacing sedentary time with light or moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity on frailty are not well known.

Aim: To examine the mutually independent associations of sedentary time (ST), light-intensity physical activity (LPA), and moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) with frailty status in older adults.

Methods: A total of 628 people aged ≥65 years from the Toledo Study of Healthy Aging (TSHA) participated in this cross-sectional study.

The Force-Velocity Relationship in Older People: Reliability and Validity of a Systematic Procedure.

This study compared the reliability and validity of different protocols evaluating the force-velocity (F-V) relationship and muscle power in older adults. Thirty-one older men and women (75.8±4.

Frailty is associated with objectively assessed sedentary behaviour patterns in older adults: Evidence from the Toledo Study for Healthy Aging (TSHA).

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the association of sedentary behaviour patterns with frailty in older people.

Setting: Clinical setting.

Design: Cross-sectional, observational study.

Insights in Anaphylaxis and Clonal Mast Cell Disorders.

The prevalence of anaphylaxis among patients with clonal mast cell disorders (MCD) is clearly higher comparing to the general population. Due to a lower frequency of symptoms outside of acute episodes, clonal MCD in the absence of skin lesions might sometimes be difficult to identify which may lead to underdiagnosis, and anaphylaxis is commonly the presenting symptom in these patients. Although the release of mast cell (MC) mediators upon MC activation might present with a wide variety of symptoms, particular clinical features typically characterize MC mediator release episodes in patients with clonal MCD without skin involvement.

Frailty Is Associated With Lower Expression of Genes Involved in Cellular Response to Stress: Results From the Toledo Study for Healthy Aging.

Background: Specific mechanisms underlying frailty syndrome are not well known. Frailty can be viewed as a loss of functional reserve resulting in increased vulnerability to stressors. We hypothesize that pathways regulating cellular response to stress are potential players in the development of frailty.

Cognitive Performance across 3 Frailty Phenotypes: Toledo Study for Healthy Aging.

Introduction: Frailty is a strong predictor of adverse health events, but its impact on cognitive function is poorly understood.

Aim: To assess cognitive performance in frailty and to identify the frailty stage where cognitive impairment begins.

Methods: Data were taken from 2044 people aged ≥65 years without cognitive impairment selected from the Toledo Study for Healthy Aging, a population-based cohort of older adults.

Tick-host conflict: immunoglobulin E antibodies to tick proteins in patients with anaphylaxis to tick bite.

Tick-borne infectious diseases and allergies are a growing problem worldwide. Tick bite allergy has been associated with the direct effect of immunoglobulin E (IgE) response to tick salivary antigens, or secondary to the induction of allergy to red meat consumption through IgE antibodies against the carbohydrate α-Gal (Gal α 1-3Gal β 1-(3)4GlcNAc-R). However, despite the growing burden of this pathology, the proteins associated with anaphylaxis to tick bite have not been characterized.

Support and Social Contact as a Decisive Meta-Variable in Morbidity and Social Welfare of the Older Person.

Unlabelled: Bacground: This article tackles social support as a meta-variable that is reinforced by a set of social variables, which correlate and act as predictors of social welfare and life quality of the older person.

Objective: The objective of the study is to know how social support, networks and social contacts can influence the health of the elderly person, especially if these are interrelated factors.

Method: The population studied are individuals from both sexes living in Toledo (Spanish people) and who were 65 years of age or over.

Key Issues in Hymenoptera Venom Allergy: An Update.

In this review, the Hymenoptera Allergy Committee of the SEAIC analyzes the most recent scientific literature addressing problems related to the diagnosis of hymenoptera allergy and to management of venom immunotherapy. Molecular diagnosis and molecular risk profiles are the key areas addressed. The appearance of new species of hymenoptera that are potentially allergenic in Spain and the associated diagnostic and therapeutic problems are also described.

The Standardization of Frailty Phenotype Criteria Improves Its Predictive Ability: The Toledo Study for Healthy Aging.

Introduction: Several studies have assessed the performance of the original frailty phenotype criteria (FPC) and the standardized version according to the characteristics of the population. No studies exist, however, evaluating the impact of this standardization on its predictive ability.

Objective: To compare how the original FPC and the standardized-frailty phenotype criteria (S-FPC) estimate the prevalence of frailty and their ability to predict mortality, hospitalization, incident disability, and falls.

Neuromuscular and Cardiovascular Adaptations in Response to High-Intensity Interval Power Training.

Romero-Arenas, S, Ruiz, R, Vera-Ibáñez, A, Colomer-Poveda, D, Guadalupe-Grau, A, and Márquez, G. Neuromuscular and cardiovascular adaptations in response to high-intensity interval power training. J Strength Cond Res 32(1): 130-138, 2018-The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of a high-intensity power training (HIPT) program, and to compare the effects of HIPT to traditional power training (TPT) on the aerobic and power performance.

Clinical management, expectations, and satisfaction of patients with moderate to severe allergic rhinoconjunctivitis treated with SQ-standardized grass-allergen tablet under routine clinical practice conditions in Spain.

Background: Sublingual immunotherapy has been proven as a well-tolerated and effective treatment for allergic rhinitis. Within this type of treatment, GRAZAX is the most documented product in terms of safety and efficacy. The objective of this study was to identify the patients' expectations and level of treatment satisfaction, as well as the clinical management of patients with moderate/severe allergic rhinoconjunctivitis treated with GRAZAX.

Advances in the understanding and clinical management of mastocytosis and clonal mast cell activation syndromes.

Clonal mast cell activation syndromes and indolent systemic mastocytosis without skin involvement are two emerging entities that sometimes might be clinically difficult to distinguish, and they involve a great challenge for the physician from both a diagnostic and a therapeutic point of view. Furthermore, final diagnosis of both entities requires a bone marrow study; it is recommended that this be done in reference centers. In this article, we address the current consensus and guidelines for the suspicion, diagnosis, classification, treatment, and management of these two entities.

Endocrinology of Aging From a Muscle Function Point of View: Results From the Toledo Study for Healthy Aging.

Introduction: Aging is a process that involves a reduction in muscle strength and anabolic hormone concentrations, which impacts significantly on health.

Aim: To study the hormone/total strength (H/TS) ratio as a proxy of anabolic insensitivity status in elders, and its relationship with disability, hospitalization, and mortality risk.

Design: A total of 1462 persons aged ≥65 years from the Toledo Study of Healthy Aging participated in this study.

Frailty as a Major Factor in the Increased Risk of Death and Disability in Older People With Diabetes.

Objectives: To assess the role of frailty in predicting death and incident disability in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: Community dwelling.