The Influence of Sex, Fitness, BMI, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors on Cerebral Blood Velocity Responsiveness to Graded Exercise Testing in Middle-Aged Adults.

Mean middle cerebral artery velocity (MCAv) and the pulsatility index (PI), at rest and in response to exercise, are important markers of cerebrovascular health status in middle-aged adults, when vascular decline assumes substantial relevance. Thus, this study aimed to describe and compare the responses of MCAv and PI to incremental exercise. Two hundred and forty-eight volunteers (50-58 years, 55% women) completed a ramp test on a cycle-ergometer.

The Performance and Associated Risks of the Criteria for Sarcopenic Obesity Proposed by the European Association for the Study of Obesity in a Geriatric Population.

Background: There is no gold standard definition of sarcopenic obesity (SO). Our objective is to evaluate the benefit of using the new definition proposed by the European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO) in older people.

Methods: Data from the Toledo Study of Healthy Aging, a study based on a cohort of community-dwelling older adults, were used.

Gender-specific capacity of insulin resistance proxies to predict functional decline in older adults.

Objectives: Insulin resistance determined by Homeostasis Model of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) has been associated with functional decline in non-diabetic older subjects. However, insulin is not routinely assessed. The study evaluated the predictive value of non-insulin-dependent IR surrogates on functional decline in non-diabetic older men and women.

Impact of Frailty, Early Vascular Decline, and Subclinical Cognitive Impairment in Midlife Adults: Study Protocol of the Toledo Study for Healthy Ageing in Middle Age.

Life expectancy has increased worldwide alongside a rise in disability prevalence during old age. The impact and interrelationship among the precursors of disability in midlife remain to be better understood. Furthermore, investigating whether lifestyle factors may potentially influence health outcomes and the prognosis of vascular disease could be especially relevant among the middle-aged population, which is a priority subpopulation when prevention is the goal.

Relationship of Body Composition With Middle Cerebral Artery Hemodynamic Using Compositional Data Analysis in Middle-Age Adults From Toledo Study for Healthy Aging.

Excess adipose tissue may promote chronic systemic inflammation and oxidative stress, causing endothelial damage. Early evidence indicates that obesity may be associated with poorer cerebral perfusion. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between body composition and cerebral hemodynamics.

Dysregulation of Lipid Metabolism Serves as A Link Between Alzheimer's and Cardiovascular Disease, As Witnessed in A Cross-Sectional Study.

Cardiovascular risk factors and established cardiovascular disease (CVD) increase the risk of suffering dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT). Here, we set out to define specific molecular profiles of CVD in patients with DAT to better understand its relationship, to unravel the mechanisms underlying the high risk of developing DAT in CVD patients and to define new markers of early disease. Plasma samples from patients with DAT, with and without CVD, were analyzed through a multiomics approach, with integration of metabolomics and proteomics datasets using the OmicsNet web-based tool.

Association Between Pulse Wave Velocity and Frailty, Disability, and Mortality in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Background: Arterial stiffness leads to several adverse events in the older population, but there is a lack of data on its association with frailty, disability, and mortality in the same population.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of arterial stiffness in the loss of functional ability (frailty and disability) and mortality.

Methods: Data were taken from community-dwelling aged 65 years participants without diabetes in the Toledo Study of Healthy Ageing cohort.

Diagnostic and prognostic value of calf circumference for sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults.

Background: An age-dependent normative values of calf circumference (CC) has been recently proposed as an accessible proxy for muscle mass. However, its usefulness to estimate sarcopenia has not been assessed. The objectives of the present study were to determine if the substitution of the classical way to assess muscle mass by these values have enough diagnostic accuracy and prognostic value among older adults living in the community.

Metabolic equivalents intensity thresholds for physical activity classification in older adults.

Background: Although the metabolic equivalents (METs) system is a common procedure to quantify the intensity of physical activity in older adults, it remains unclear whether the conventional METs intensity thresholds (CTs) used for this purpose are appropriate in this population. Therefore, this study aimed (i) to derive overall and fitness-specific METs intensity thresholds in older adults ≥ 60 years old (OATs) expressed both in standard METs (VO/3.5 mL O·kg·min) and older adults METs (VO/2.

[Translated article] Epidemiological, Clinical, and Allergic Profile of Psoriatic Patients. Evaluation of the Spanish Registry of Contact Dermatitis and Cutaneous Allergy (REIDAC).

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis whose clinical and topographic distribution requires differential diagnosis, or the possible association with allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), requiring patch testing (PT) as part of the diagnostic procedure.

Objectives: To describe the epidemiological, clinical, and allergic profile of patients with a primary or secondary diagnosis of psoriasis undergoing PT and compare them with patients with a diagnosis of ACD at the end of the diagnostic process.

Methods: Cross-sectional study with data from REIDAC from 2018 through 2023 of selected patients with a diagnosis of psoriasis and/or ACD.

Relationship of endogenous plasma concentrations of β-hydroxy β-methyl butyrate (HMB) with frailty in community dwelling older adults with type-2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Supplementation with β-hydroxy β-methyl butyrate (HMB) appears to be effective in preserving muscle in older adults. However, the association between endogenously produced HMB with frailty has not been studied in people with chronic disease.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to explore whether an association exists between endogenous HMB levels and frailty status in older adults with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Long-Term Effects of a 6-Week Power-Based Resistance Training and Fast Walking Interval Training Program on Physical Function, Muscle Power, Disability, and Frailty in Pre-Frail and Frail Older Adults.

Introduction: Concurrent training has been shown to be a beneficial approach to improve overall health status in older adults. However, little is known about the adaptations of this type of training in the long term (i.e.

Diffuse Cutaneous Mastocytosis: A Current Understanding of a Rare Disease.

Mastocytosis is a heterogeneous disease characterized by the expansion and accumulation of neoplastic mast cells in various tissues. Diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis (DCM) is a rare and most severe form of cutaneous mastocytosis, which typically occurs in childhood. There have been reports of a familial DCM with specific gene mutations, indicating both sporadic and hereditary factors involved in its pathogenesis.

Muscle mass loss measured with portable ultrasound in hospitalized older adults: The ECOSARC study.

Objectives: The main objective was to analyze the evolution of muscle of the Quadriceps Rectus Femoris (QRF) between admission and discharge, in older adults hospitalized with an acute medical disease in Acute Geriatric Units (AGUs).

Design: Prospective multicentric observational cohort study.

Setting: Seven AGUs from University Hospitals in Spain.

Impact of Climate Change-Related Environmental Factors on Allergen Production and the Epidemiology and Severity of Allergic Diseases.

Background: Allergic disease affects up to 40% of the adult population worldwide. This percentage is increasing as a result of environmental changes related to global warming.

Methods: We undertook a systematic review of the literature to identify and evaluate current evidence on the impact of climate change-related environmental factors on allergen production and the epidemiology and severity of allergic diseases.

Association between endogenous plasma beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate levels and frailty in community-dwelling older people.

Background: Frailty is a key element in healthy ageing in which muscle performance plays a main role. Beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB) supplementation has shown favourable effects in modulating protein synthesis, improving muscle mass and function in interventional studies. Decreased age-related endogenous HMB levels have been shown in previous studies.

Fat Mass Accounts for Insulin Resistance Impact on Functional Decline and Mortality in Nondiabetic Older Adults.

Objective: To assess the potential role of body composition in the association of insulin resistance (IR) with functional decline and mortality in nondiabetic older persons.

Design: Longitudinal population-based cohort of community-dwelling people from Toledo, Spain, aged 65 years or older.

Setting And Participants: A total of 1114 nondiabetic persons from the Toledo Study of Healthy Aging cohort (mean age: 74.

How cognitive performance changes according to the ankle-brachial index score in an elderly cohort? Results from the Toledo Study of Healthy Ageing.

In the ageing process, the vascular system undergoes morphological and functional changes that may condition brain functioning; for this reason, the aims of this study were to assess the effect of vascular function indirectly measured by ankle-brachial index (ABI) on both cognitive performance at baseline and change in cognitive performance at end of follow-up. We developed a prospective, population-based, cohort study with 1147 participants aged > 65 years obtained from the Toledo Study for Healthy Ageing who had cognitive assessment and measured ABI in the first wave (2006-2009) were selected for the cross-sectional analysis. Those participants who also performed the cognitive assessment in the second wave (2011-2013) were selected for the prospective analysis.

Power-oriented resistance training combined with high-intensity interval training in pre-frail and frail older people: comparison between traditional and cluster training set configurations on the force-velocity relationship, physical function and frailty.

Objectives: To analyse the force-velocity relationship changes in response to two different training programmes differing in the set configuration (cluster vs. traditional), and their impact on physical function and frailty in pre-frail and frail older adults.

Methods: 43 pre-frail and frail (Frailty Phenotype ≥ 1 criteria) older adults (81.

The Normal Range of Baseline Tryptase Should Be 1 to 15 ng/mL and Covers Healthy Individuals With HαT.

Physiological levels of basal serum tryptase vary among healthy individuals, depending on the numbers of mast cells, basal secretion rate, copy numbers of the TPSAB1 gene encoding alpha tryptase, and renal function. Recently, there has been a growing debate about the normal range of tryptase because individuals with the hereditary alpha tryptasemia (HαT) trait may or may not be symptomatic, and if symptomatic, uncertainty exists as to whether this trait directly causes clinical phenotypes or aggravates certain conditions. In fact, most HαT-positive cases are regarded as asymptomatic concerning mast cell activation.