Comorbidities Associated With Different Degrees of Severity in Children and Young People Hospitalized With Acute COVID-19.

In this prospective cohort study with 2326 hospitalized children and young people with coronavirus disease 2019 in Spain and Colombia, 36.4% had comorbidities. Asthma, recurrent wheezing, chronic neurological, cardiac and pulmonary diseases significantly increased the risk of severe outcomes such as death, mechanical ventilation and intensive care unit admission.

Shaping current European mitochondrial haplogroup frequency in response to infection: the case of SARS-CoV-2 severity.

The frequency of mitochondrial DNA haplogroups (mtDNA-HG) in humans is known to be shaped by migration and repopulation. Mounting evidence indicates that mtDNA-HG are not phenotypically neutral, and selection may contribute to its distribution. Haplogroup H, the most abundant in Europe, improved survival in sepsis.

Ipsilateral Breast Carcinoma Recurrence: True Recurrence or New Primary? A Clinicopathologic and Molecular Study.

Determining whether an ipsilateral breast carcinoma recurrence is a true recurrence or a new primary remains challenging based solely on clinicopathologic features. Algorithms based on these features have estimated that up to 68% of recurrences might be new primaries. However, few studies have analyzed the clonal relationship between primary and secondary carcinomas to establish the true nature of recurrences.

Machine Learning Algorithms in Controlled Donation After Circulatory Death Under Normothermic Regional Perfusion: A Graft Survival Prediction Model.

Background: Several scores have been developed to stratify the risk of graft loss in controlled donation after circulatory death (cDCD). However, their performance is unsatisfactory in the Spanish population, where most cDCD livers are recovered using normothermic regional perfusion (NRP). Consequently, we explored the role of different machine learning-based classifiers as predictive models for graft survival.

Disease activity in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy according to time since diagnosis and positivity to antisynthetase autoantibodies: data from the Myo-Spain registry.

Objective: To evaluate the main outcomes of disease activity and their association with other measures of activity, damage, and quality of life in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) according to time since diagnosis and positivity to antisynthetase autoantibodies (ASAs).

Methods: Cross-sectional multicenter study within the Spanish Myo-Spain registry. Cases were classified as incident (≤ 12 months since diagnosis) and prevalent.

Best clinical model predicting extubation failure: a diagnostic accuracy post hoc analysis.

Purpose: Predicting extubation failure remains a clinical challenge. This study aimed to determine diagnostic accuracy of models used at the bed side.

Methods: Post hoc analysis of 2341 patients at all risk included in five multicenter randomized trials.

Mortality in patients with giant cell arteritis in Spain: results from the ARTESER registry.

Objectives: To compare mortality rates between GCA patients and the general population in Spain, and to identify associated factors influencing mortality.

Methods: ARTESER, a multicenter registry by the Spanish Society of Rheumatology, includes GCA patients from June 2013 to March 2019. Demographic, clinical, imaging, histological and mortality data were collected retrospectively.

Can ICD Electrograms Help Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation?: Results From the Multicenter Randomized AIDEG-VTA Trial.

Background: The results of ablation of sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (SMVT) are suboptimal. For many patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs), ICD electrograms (ICD-EGs) provide the only available information on SMVT. ICD-EGs have the ability to distinguish morphologically distinct SMVT and can be used for pace mapping.

Molecular Detection of Lymph Node Metastases with One-Step Nucleic Acid Amplification (OSNA) Pooling in Prostate Cancer: The POPCORN Study.

Pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) is the most accurate procedure for lymph node (LN) staging in prostate cancer (PCa) patients. LN sectioning and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of at least one slice remains the gold standard for LN evaluation, potentially leading to misdetection of small metastatic focus. Entire LN analysis is possible with One-Step Nucleic Acid Amplification (OSNA) by detecting cytokeratin 19 (CK19) mRNA as a surrogate for LN invasion.

Enhancing Surgical Wound Monitoring: A Paired Cohort Study Evaluating a New AI-Based Application for Automatic Detection of Potential Infections.

This study assessed the feasibility and security of remote surgical wound monitoring using the RedScar© smartphone app, which employs automated diagnosis for early visual detection of infections without direct healthcare personnel involvement. Additionally, patient satisfaction with telematic care was evaluated as a secondary aim. Surgical site infection (SSI) is the second leading cause of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), leading to prolonged hospital stays, heightened patient distress, and increased healthcare costs.

International Nephrology Masterclass in Chronic Kidney Disease: Rationale, Summary, and Future Perspectives.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive condition that affects more than 10% of the population worldwide, accounting for more than 843 million (M) individuals. The prevalence of CKD (844 M patients) is higher than that of diabetes mellitus (422 M patients), cancer (42 M patients), and HIV (37 M patients), but people are often less aware of it. Global expert groups predict reductions in the nephrology workforce in the next decade, with a declining interest in nephrology careers.

Destination Therapy Strategies of Advanced Heart Failure in Elderly Non-Heart Transplant Candidates: A Propensity Matching Analysis from the LEVO-D and REGALAD Registries.

Heart transplantation (HT) is the gold standard therapy for advanced heart failure (ADHF), and LVADs as destination therapy are an option in non-HT candidates. Most patients with ADHF never receive HT or an LVAD, so alternative strategies are needed. Intermittent levosimendan can reduce HF hospitalizations in ADHF patients in the short term.

Avatrombopag in adults with immune thrombocytopenia: A multicentre real-life observational study in Madrid, Spain (AVAMAD study).

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a rare acquired disorder where thrombopoietin-receptor agonists have become mainstays of ITP treatment. With the recent approval of avatrombopag (AVA), real-world studies are essential to evaluate its efficacy and safety. Our study of 66 adult ITP patients treated with AVA showed a high response rate.

Efficacy and Safety of a Desensitization Treatment With Rituximab and Immunoglobulin in Hyperimmunized Patients Awaiting a Cadaveric Kidney Transplantation.

Background: Patients on a kidney transplant waiting list with antibodies against more than 80% of a panel reactive antibody (PRA) are difficult to transplant, even with national or regional programs. Desensitization treatment with high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin and rituximab could be offered to patients with a long waiting time for a cadaveric donor to improve their odds of finding a kidney.

Methods: This was a retrospective, single-center study including all hyperimmunized patients on the waiting list for a cadaveric kidney donor who received a desensitization treatment between 2010 and 2020.

Reliability of the OMERACT Giant cell arteritis Ultrasonography Score (OGUS): results of a patient-based exercise involving experts and non-experts in vascular ultrasonography.

Objective: To test the reliability of the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology Giant cell arteritis (GCA) Ultrasonography Score (OGUS) and other composite scores in a patient-based exercise involving experts and non-experts in vascular ultrasonography.

Methods: Six GCA patients were scanned twice (two rounds separated ≥3 hours) by 12 experts and 12 non-experts. Non-experts received 90 min of theoretical and 240 min of practical training between rounds 1 and 2.

Circulating PD-1hi CXCR5- and CXCR5+ CD4 T cells are elevated in patients with newly diagnosed Giant Cell Arteritis and predict relapse.

Objectives: Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a large/medium-vessel granulomatous vasculitis, and the PD-1/PD-L1 coinhibitory pathway seems to be implicated in its pathogenesis. CD4 T cells expressing high PD-1 levels, CD4+CXCR5-PD-1hi peripheral helper (Tph) and CD4+CXCR5+PD-1hi follicular helper T cells (Tfh), are key mediators of autoimmunity. Their frequencies are elevated in the peripheral blood of subjects with several autoimmune conditions but have not been investigated in GCA.

Phenotype Spectrum of TRPM3-Associated Disorders.

Objective: Monoallelic variants in the transient receptor potential melastatin-related type 3 gene (TRPM3) have been associated with neurodevelopmental manifestations, but knowledge on the clinical manifestations and treatment options is limited. We characterized the clinical spectrum, highlighting particularly the epilepsy phenotype, and the effect of treatments.

Methods: We analyzed retrospectively the phenotypes and genotypes of 43 individuals with TRPM3 variants, acquired from GeneMatcher and collaborations (n = 21), and through a systematic literature search (n = 22).

Evaluation Checklist for the Multidisciplinary Approach to Patients with Asthma or Suspected Asthma in United Airway Disease.

Purpose: To generate an evaluation checklist for the multidisciplinary approach to patients with asthma or suspected asthma.

Patients And Methods: This was a qualitative study based on a literature review and expert opinions. A multidisciplinary steering committee with knowledge and experience in asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) was established and comprised two pneumologists, two allergologists, and two otorhinolaryngologists.

ESAIC focused guidelines for the management of the failing epidural during labour epidural analgesia.

Background: Labour epidural analgesia reportedly fails in up to 10 to 25% of cases. A joint taskforce of European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care (ESAIC) experts was created to develop this focused guideline on the management of failing epidural analgesia in a previously well functioning epidural catheter.

Design: Six clinical questions were defined using a PICO (Population/Intervention/Comparison/Outcome) strategy to conduct a systematic literature search.

Rationale and design of the beta-blockers in tako-tsubo syndrome study: a randomized clinical trial (β-Tako).

Unlabelled: Introduction y objectives: Tako-tsubo syndrome (TTS) is a cardiac condition that mimics acute coronary syndrome, characterized by transient left ventricular dysfunction in the absence of culprit coronary artery stenosis. Although its etiology remains unknown, reversible microvascular dysfunction secondary to an adrenergic surge is thought to play a role. Treatment is empirical, although most patients receive beta-blockers (BB) in clinical practice.

Open-label phase II clinical trial of orteronel (TAK-700) in metastatic or advanced non-resectable granulosa cell ovarian tumors: the Greko II study (GETHI2013-01).

Background: Granulosa cell ovarian tumors (GCTs) are a rare neoplasia characterized by a pathognomonic mutation in the FOXL2 gene. In vitro studies have demonstrated an overactivation of hormone activity due to this alteration. Thus, we aimed to determine the activity of orteronel, a CYP17 inhibitor, in advanced disease.

The role of rapid multiplex molecular syndromic panels in the clinical management of infections in critically ill patients: an experts-opinion document.

Rapid multiplex molecular syndromic panels (RMMSP) (3 or more pathogens and time-to-results < 6 h) allow simultaneous detection of multiple pathogens and genotypic resistance markers. Their implementation has revolutionized the clinical landscape by significantly enhancing diagnostic accuracy and reducing time-to-results in different critical conditions. The current revision is a comprehensive but not systematic review of the literature.

Sellar and perisellar meningiomas: effects on pituitary function in a Spanish cohort observational study.

Purpose: Studies focused on the effects of sellar and/or perisellar (S/PS) meningiomas on pituitary function are scarce. The primary objective of the present study was to determinate the effects that S/PS meningiomas and their treatments have on pituitary function. Also, we described the clinical characteristics and therapeutic outcomes of the cohort of adult Spanish patients.