The incidence of HIV-2 infection in Spain is declining - a registry data analysis.

Objectives: HIV-2 infection is a neglected disease caused by a human retrovirus that causes AIDS more slowly than HIV-1. Infection with HIV-2 is endemic in West Africa. Given its differential features, guidelines recommend ruling out HIV-2 infection in all newly diagnosed HIV-seropositive individuals.

[Taurolidine lock in pediatric patients with intestinal failure. A practical guideline from the Spanish Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (SEGHNP)].

Objectives: the prevention of central line-associated bloodstream infections is a critical aspect of care for patients with intestinal failure who are treated with parenteral nutrition. The use of taurolidine in this context is becoming increasingly popular, however there is a lack of standardization in its pediatric application. The objective of this work is to develop a guide to support its prescription.

Atypical Sympathetic Ophthalmia Presenting with Ocular Pain Associated with Posterior Scleral Involvement.

Purpose: To describe an atypical case of sympathetic ophthalmia. Design: Case report.

Results: A 37 -year-old female presented a 3-day long acute left retroocular pain and photophobia, 1 month after having undergone evisceration of the fellow eye.

Causes and Frequencies of Reoperations After Endoprosthetic Reconstructions for Extremity Tumor Surgery: A Systematic Review.

Background: Excision of bone tumors and endoprosthetic reconstruction allow patients early weightbearing and a potential functional advantage compared with amputation. These reconstructions do not restore the limb to normal status, however, and patients are subject to complications that may result in revision or loss of the limb. Because better understanding of these complications based on current information might help the patient and surgeon in decision-making, we undertook a systematic review of studies published on this topic.

Neutral pH and low-glucose degradation product dialysis fluids induce major early alterations of the peritoneal membrane in children on peritoneal dialysis.

The effect of peritoneal dialysates with low-glucose degradation products on peritoneal membrane morphology is largely unknown, with functional relevancy predominantly derived from experimental studies. To investigate this, we performed automated quantitative histomorphometry and molecular analyses on 256 standardized peritoneal and 172 omental specimens from 56 children with normal renal function, 90 children with end-stage kidney disease at time of catheter insertion, and 82 children undergoing peritoneal dialysis using dialysates with low-glucose degradation products. Follow-up biopsies were obtained from 24 children after a median peritoneal dialysis of 13 months.

No evidence of increased ocular involvement in candidemic patients initially treated with echinocandins.

Candins are commonly used as initial therapy in patients with candidemia and are known to diffuse poorly into ocular tissue. The aim of our multicenter study was to assess whether eye involvement was more common in patients initially treated with echinocandins. We performed a post hoc analysis of a prospective, multicenter, population-based candidemic surveillance program implemented in Spain during 2010-2011 (CANDIPOP project).

Considering Bone Marrow Blasts From Nonerythroid Cellularity Improves the Prognostic Evaluation of Myelodysplastic Syndromes.

Purpose: WHO classification of myeloid malignancies is based mainly on the percentage of bone marrow (BM) blasts. This is considered from total nucleated cells (TNCs), unless there is erythroid-hyperplasia (erythroblasts ≥ 50%), calculated from nonerythroid cells (NECs). In these instances, when BM blasts are ≥ 20%, the disorder is classified as erythroleukemia, and when BM blasts are < 20%, as myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).

A founder EIF2AK4 mutation causes an aggressive form of pulmonary arterial hypertension in Iberian Gypsies.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a pathological condition characterized by a persistent and progressive elevation of pulmonary vascular resistance with devastating consequences if untreated. In the past recent years, several genes have been related to PAH, however, the molecular defect remains unknown in a significant proportion of patients with familial PAH (∼20%). During the past few years, we have observed that PAH shows a particular behavior in Iberian Gypsies, with more aggressive course and frequently affecting multiple members of the same family.

Multivariable time-dependent analysis of the impact of azacitidine in patients with lower-risk myelodysplastic syndrome and unfavorable specific lower-risk score.

Scoring systems for lower-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (LR-MDS) recognize patients with a poorer than expected outcome. This study retrospectively analyzes the role of azacitidine in LR-MDS with adverse risk score and compared to an historical cohort treated with best supportive care or erythropoiesis-stimulating agents. Overall response to AZA was 40%.

[Obesity-related metabolic disorders in childhood and adolescence].

Obesity is the most frequent nutritional disorder in childhood and adolescence. The rise in its prevalence and severity has underlined the numerous and significant obesity-related metabolic disorders. Altered glucose metabolism, manifested as impaired glucose tolerance, appears early in severely obese children and adolescents.

Does pre-liver transplant HBV DNA level affect HBV recurrence or survival in liver transplant recipients receiving HBIg and nucleos(t)ide analogues?

Background And Aims: The risk of recurrent hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and prognosis of liver transplantation in patients with HBV has dramatically changed with the use of prophylaxis including hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIg) and antiviral agents.

Methods: This study analyzes the prognostic value of HBV DNA level before orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) and the effect of HBV prophylaxis on rates of HBV recurrence and survival. Between 1988 and 2008, 859 patients underwent OLT in our center; 60 patients had HBV-related liver disease and in 49, HBV DNA was determined by real time-PCR before OLT.

[Nursing role in patient management diagnosed chronic fatigue syndrome].

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a serious, complex and debilitating fatigue characterized by intense physical and mental, that does not subside significantly after rest and worsens with activity The appearance of the disease requires the patient to reduce the activity diminished their quality of life. While there is no cure, the complexity of the disease requires an interdisciplinary approach where the mission of nursing is to identify the least healthy responses of each individual in relation to their health status and interfering with them by means of specific support, integrated support and follow a care plan tailored to the individual needs of each individual. Fatigue, pain, sleep pattern disturbance, anxiety and lack of knowledge are the most prevalent health problems in patients treated at the Chronic Fatigue Unit, University Hospital Vail d'Hebron.

Viral genotype and baseline load predict the response to adefovir treatment in lamivudine-resistant chronic hepatitis B patients.

Background/aims: To determine the factors associated with virological response (VR), HBeAg loss or the emergence of adefovir (ADV)-related mutations in ADV-treated chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with lamivudine (LAM) resistance.

Methods: Fifty-four LAM-resistant CHB patients (46% HBeAg-positive) were treated with ADV monotherapy (n=28) or ADV plus LAM (n=26) for a mean of 30.4 months.

[Variability in the surgical indications for posttraumatic intradural lesions].

Introduction: The surgical treatment of focal intradural lesions is still a matter of considerable debate. This is especially important in the decision to evacuate brain contusions. We present the results of a prospective observational study in which the main goal was to analyze intracenter variability in the indication for surgery in focal posttraumatic intradural lesions in a department of Neurosurgery of a University Hospital with a specialized neurotrauma unit.

[Minimally deviated adenocarcinoma (malignant adenoma) of the cervix uteri].

Minimal deviation adenocarcinoma (adenoma malignum) is a rare well-differentiated form of invasive cervical adenocarcinoma. Because of its rarity and cytologic changes are subtle there are only a few reports of this pathology, been necessary the realization of large biopsy of the cervical tissue for it histological diagnosis. We made a review in the period 1994-2000, of the clinical, cytological, histological features, treatments and follow-up of 4 patients in the Gynecologic Oncology Department of the University Hospital Vall d' Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.