Psychopathological Risk in Siblings of Subjects with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A cross-Sectional Study.

Objective: We aim to determine the prevalence of mental disorders in siblings of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and to determine how psychosocial adversity factors relate to this psychopathology, in a low-middle income country (Colombia).

Methods: We evaluated subjects with ADHD diagnosed according to the DSM-5 criteria, one of their parents and one of their siblings (ages 8-19). We used the ADHD rating scale and a set of instruments to assess the presence of mental disorders as well as psychosocial adversity.

Psychopathological Risk in Siblings of Subjects with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A cross-Sectional Study.

Objective: We aim to determine the prevalence of mental disorders in siblings of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and to determine how psychosocial adversity factors relate to this psychopathology, in a low-middle income country (Colombia).

Methods: We evaluated subjects with ADHD diagnosed according to the DSM-5 criteria, one of their parents and one of their siblings (ages 8-19). We used the ADHD rating scale and a set of instruments to assess the presence of mental disorders as well as psychosocial adversity.

Congenital Diarrhea and Cholestatic Liver Disease: Phenotypic Spectrum Associated with MYO5B Mutations.

Myosin Vb (MYO5B) is a motor protein that facilitates protein trafficking and recycling in polarized cells by RAB11- and RAB8-dependent mechanisms. Biallelic MYO5B mutations are identified in the majority of patients with microvillus inclusion disease (MVID). MVID is an intractable diarrhea of infantile onset with characteristic histopathologic findings that requires life-long parenteral nutrition or intestinal transplantation.

[Actigraphy in Bipolar Disorder and First Degree Relatives].

Background: Bipolar disorder is a disabling disease that involves a significant economic costs to the health system, making it is essential to investigate possible early predictors such as changes in sleep-wake cycle in high-risk populations.

Objective: To review the available literature on alterations in the sleep-wake cycle and circadian rhythm in patients with bipolar disorder and their first degree relatives.

Methods: A literature search was performed in the data bases, Access Medicine, ClinicalKey, EMBASE, JAMA, Lilacs, OVID, Oxford Journals, ScienceDirect, SciELO, APA y PsycNET.

Pentoxifylline immunomodulation in the treatment of experimental chronic pulmonary paracoccidioidomycosis.

Background: Pentoxifylline (PTX) is a methylxanthine compound with immunomodulatory and antifibrotic properties. The simultaneous use of PTX and antifungal therapy (itraconazole) has previously been evaluated in an experimental model of pulmonary paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), a systemic fungal disease caused by the fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis (Pb) and characterized by chronic inflammation and lung fibrosis that appears even after a successful course of antifungal therapy. The results revealed prompt and statistically significant reductions in inflammation and fibrosis when compared to itraconazole alone.

Immediate radical trachelectomy versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by conservative surgery for patients with stage IB1 cervical cancer with tumors 2cm or larger: A literature review and analysis of oncological and obstetrical outcomes.

Radical trachelectomy is the treatment of choice in women with early-stage cervical cancer wishing to preserve fertility. Radical trachelectomy can be performed with a vaginal, abdominal, or laparoscopic/robotic approach. Vaginal radical trachelectomy (VRT) is generally not offered to patients with tumors 2cm or larger because of a high recurrence rate.

Beta oscillatory neurons in the motor thalamus of movement disorder and pain patients.

Excessive beta oscillations (15-25Hz) in the basal ganglia have been linked to the akineto-rigid symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) although it remains unclear whether the underlying mechanism is causative or associative. While a number of studies have reported beta activity in the subthalamic nucleus and globus pallidus internus, relatively little is known about the beta rhythm of the motor thalamus and its relation to movement disorders. To test whether thalamic beta oscillations are related to parkinsonian symptoms, we examined the spectral properties of neuronal activity in the ventral thalamic nuclei of five Parkinson's disease patients (two female, age range 50-72years) and compared them to five essential tremor (three female, aged 41-75) and four central pain patients (one female, aged 38-60).

[Association and interaction of AGT, AGTR1, ACE, ADRB2, DRD1, ADD1, ADD2, ATP2B1, TBXA2R and PTGS2 genes on the risk of hypertension in Antioquian population].

Introduction: Hypertension is a multifactorial disease influenced by genetic and environmental components, with its prevalence varying across ethnic groups. Manifold studies on blood pressure regulatory system genes have been carried out -such as the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, the sympathetic nervous system, endothelial factor, and sodium balance-, but the results yielded were inconsistent among populations.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of both variants in genes AGT, AGTR1, ACE, ADRB2, DRD1, ADD1, ADD2, ATP2B1, TBXA2R PTGS2, and the result of the individual ancestry component on hypertension and blood pressure levels among population in Antioquia.

Assessment of sex from endocranial cavity using volume-rendered CT scans in a sample from Medellín, Colombia.

Sex estimation is a primary component of the identification of skeletonized individuals in forensic anthropology. The goal of this research was to develop a new method for estimating sex based on measurements of the endocranial cavity by means of volumetric 3D reconstruction of computed tomography (CT) without contrast. The sample consisted of 249 healthy individuals of both sexes whose tomographies were taken by the imaging unit at the San Vicente de Paul University Hospital in Medellin, Colombia.

IgM nephropathy in children: clinicopathologic analysis.

Introduction: IgM nephropathy (IgMN) is a glomerulonephritis characterised by diffuse mesangial immunoglobulin M (IgM) deposits. It usually presents with nephrotic range proteinuria and, according to some previous work, it occurs most often in patients who are resistant to or dependent on steroid treatment.

Objective: To perform a clinical, histological and immunopathological description and assess the response to steroid treatment of paediatric patients diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome and diffuse mesangial IgM deposits.

Risk factors for intracranial infection secondary to penetrating craniocerebral gunshot wounds in civilian practice.

Objective: To determine risk factors for intracranial infection secondary to penetrating craniocerebral gunshot wounds (PCGWs) in civilian practice, in patients who underwent surgery with removal of bullet fragments, wound debridement, and watertight dural closure.

Methods: An observational, analytical, prospective, cohort-type study was conducted with follow-up in a group of patients with PCGWs caused by a low-velocity projectile admitted between January 2000 and November 2010. There were 160 patients, 59 of whom were administered prophylactic antibiotics based on the decision of the treating neurosurgeon.

Incidence of nutritional support complications in patient hospitalized in wards. multicentric study.

Introduction: Nutritional support generates complications that must be detected and treated on time.

Objective: To estimate the incidence of some complications of nutritional support in patients admitted to general hospital wards who received nutritional support in six high-complexity institutions.

Methods: Prospective, descriptive and multicentric study in patients with nutritional support; the variables studied were medical diagnosis, nutritional condition, nutritional support duration, approach, kind of formula, and eight complications.

Location and Density of Immune Cells in Precursor Lesions and Cervical Cancer.

Only a small proportion of women infected with Human Papillomavirus (HPV) develop cervical cancer. Host immune response seems to play a role eliminating the viral infection and preventing progression to cancer. Characterization of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in cervical pre-neoplastic lesions and cervical cancer may be helpful to understand the mechanisms that mediate this protection.

Efficacy and safety of non-operative management of blunt liver trauma.

Background: The liver is the most frequently affected organ during blunt abdominal trauma. Blunt liver trauma management has changed in the last two decades with the introduction of the computed tomography (CT) scan and non-operative management of stable patients.

Objective: To determine the incidence, efficacy, and failure rate of blunt liver trauma non-operative management as well as the risk factors associated with such treatment in a level 1 trauma center in Colombia.

Risk factors associated with the development of post-traumatic retained hemothorax.

Objective: To identify risk factors associated with the development of post-traumatic retained hemothorax in chest trauma patients admitted to Hospital San Vicente de Paul (HUSVP).

Methods: This study was a prospective cohort study that included patients with a diagnosis of chest trauma who required a tube thoracostomy as a therapeutic intervention. The measured outcome was retained hemothorax, defined as the presence of blood in the pleural cavity that could not be drained through the initial tube thoracostomy and appeared radio-opaque or hypodense on X-rays or CT scan.

[Quality of life related to the health of the people affected by burns after the healing].

Introduction: Burn injuries affect the quality of life of the injured as a consequence of deformities and loss of bodily function. Objective. Changes in the quality of life related to the health were described in the people who had been affected by burns.

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding: risk factors for mortality in two urban centres in Latin America.

Objective: To describe the experience with upper gastrointestinal bleeding in two major Latin American hospitals; presenting its main causes, treatment, and prognosis, while exploring some risk factors associated with death.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Patients And Methods: Four hundred and sixty four patients were admitted into any of the 2 hospitals and were at least 15 years of age.

Endovascular treatment of penetrating traumatic injuries of the extracranial carotid artery.

Purpose: To describe the clinical and angiographic results of endovascular therapy for traumatic injuries of the extracranial carotid artery.

Materials And Methods: The clinical and angiographic features of 36 traumatic injuries of the carotid artery during a 12-year period were reviewed. There were 35 male patients (97.

[An unusual presentation of Fournier's gangrene. Is there a relationship with NSAID use? Pediatric case report].

Fournier's gangrene is a rare but life-threatening disease characterized by necrotizing fasciitis of the perineal area. It mostly affects adult patients with an immunosuppressant factor and there are only a few cases reported in children. Use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs has been associated with necrotizing fasciitis probably because of suppressing host immunity during infection.

[Acute renal failure due to multiple stings by Africanized bees. Report on 43 cases].

Unlabelled: This study reports on acute renal failure (ARF) due to multiple stings by Africanized bees (AB) occurring in 43 cases collected between 1982 and 2007 (at the Nephrology Section, University of Antioquia School of Medicine and San Vicente de Paul University Hospital, Medellin, Colombia). No intervention on patient care was performed except for responding the Nephrology consult and prescribing dialysis. Data obtained from the medical records included demography; clinical presentation; laboratory results on admission; evolution of renal function to document improvement and normalization; intervals between stings and outcomes; number of dialysis sessions; length of follow-up and hospitalization; survival; and mortality.

Cryptococcosis in systemic lupus erythematosus: a series of six cases.

The aims of this study were to describe the clinical features of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who developed cryptococcal infection and ascertain their outcomes when treated with glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive agents in conjunction with long-term maintenance antifungal therapy. Six cases of cryptococcal infection in SLE were reviewed retrospectively. The mean age at the time of infection was 26.

[Four cases of Jarcho-Levin's syndrome in the province of Antioquia, Colombia].

Four cases of Jarcho-Levin's syndrome in the province of Antioquia, Colombia Jarcho-Levin's syndrome is a skeletal dysplasia with changes in the morphogenesis and costal vertebrae segmentation. It is manifested by hemivertebrae, fused vertebral bodies, absent vertebrae or fused ribs. This entity has also been called spondylo-costal or spondylo-thoracic dysplasia-dysostosis.

The first homozygous family for prothrombin G20210A polymorphism reported in Latin America.

The 20210A allele of the prothrombin gene is associated with increased risk of venous thromboembolism. In this study, we described manifestations of thrombosis in four generations of a Colombian family, with four 20210A homozygous carriers and six 20210G/A heterozygous carriers for polymorphism as well as unrelated participants from the same population. The levels of prothrombin in the 20210A homozygote patients were higher than in the normal 20210G homozygotes (133 + 11% and 92.