Early cortical atrophy in REM sleep behavior disorder.

Introduction: The presence of cortical atrophy (focal or diffuse) prior to the development of symptoms of cognitive impairment could predict the earliest cases of neurodegenerative disease in patients with REM sleep behavior disorder (RSBD). We reviewed the usefulness of cranial CT and MRI as early markers of cortical atrophy in patients with RSBD at our center.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective observational descriptive analysis of patients diagnosed with RSBD from October 2012 to October 2022.

Efficacy and safety of three inflation methods of the laryngeal mask airway Ambu® Auraonce™: a randomized controlled study.

The laryngeal mask airway (LMA) is commonly used for airway management. Cuff hyperinflation has been associated with complications, poor ventilation and increased risk of gastric insufflation. This study was designed to determine the best cuff inflation method of AuraOnce™ LMA during bronchoscopy and EBUS (Endobronquial Ultrasound Bronchoscopy) procedure.

Antibiotic resistance in bloodstream isolates from high-complexity paediatric units in Madrid, Spain: 2013-2021.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a significant challenge in high-complexity healthcare settings.

Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of AMR in bloodstream isolates from high-complexity paediatric units in Spain over a nine-year period.

Methods: A retrospective observational multicentre study was conducted in three tertiary hospitals, analysing bloodstream isolates from patients aged <18 years admitted to the paediatric intensive care, neonatology, and oncology-haematology units between 2013 and 2021.

All-cause mortality and cardiovascular events in a Spanish nonagenarian cohort according to type 2 diabetes mellitus status and established cardiovascular disease.

Background: Despite the progressive aging of the population in industrialized countries, few studies have focused on the natural history of cardiovascular disease in the very old, and recommendations on prevention of cardiovascular disease in this population are lacking. We aimed to analyze all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events according to prevalent type 2 diabetes mellitus and established cardiovascular disease in nonagenarians from a Mediterranean population.

Methods: We analyzed the primary health records of all nonagenarians living in the Community of Madrid (N = 59,423) and collected data for 4 groups: Group 1, individuals without T2DM or established CVD (T2DM-, CVD-); Group 2, individuals without T2DM but with established CVD (T2DM-, CVD +); Group 3, individuals with T2DM but without established CVD (T2DM + , CVD-); and Group 4, individuals with both T2DM and established CVD (T2DM + , CVD +), taking into account the influence of sex on the outcomes.

[Anatomic joint models for eco-guided interventionism training manufacture].

Introduction: Eco-guided interventionism has changed the way Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation specialists deal with musculoskeletal pain and other problems such as spasticity. The implementation of the Eco-Guided Intervention Units improves the results of the usual minimally invasive treatments in our speciality's clinical practice. The biggest drawback of this practice is the long learning curve and the difficulty of practice during training courses.

Use of statins and associated factors in nonagenarians in the Community of Madrid, Spain.

Background: The role of statins in the management of dyslipidemia in elderly patients with different cardiovascular risks remains unclear.

Objective: To study use of statins and associated factors in subjects aged 90 or over in the Community of Madrid, Spain.

Methods: Observational, cross-sectional study that included all people aged 90 or more residing in the Community of Madrid as of December 31, 2015.

Lactate and lactate clearance in critically burned patients: usefulness and limitations as a resuscitation guide and as a prognostic factor.

Objective: Lactate levels to guide resuscitation in critically burned patients are controversial. The purpose of our study was to determine whether absolute lactate values or lower lactate clearance predict mortality, and whether these are useful tools in the resuscitation phase.

Methods: We conducted a prospective, unicentric, observational study of a cohort of 214 burn patients admitted in the Burn Intensive Care Unit.

Perioperative in Intensive Medicine of reconstructive surgery and burned patients.

Burned patients may need prolonged admissions in the Intensive Care Service, both for initial care and for the pre and postoperative treatment of the multiple surgeries they require. The initial resuscitation of critically burned patients requires adequate monitoring to calculate the fluid therapy necessary to replenish the losses and ensure tissue perfusion, but without excesses that increase interstitial edema. In addition, monitoring can evaluate the systemic inflammatory response that can lead to shock and organic dysfunctions.

[Impact of hospital admission on centenarians admitted due to an acute illness. A description of a series of 165 cases and comparison with the literature].

Introduction: The number of centenarians is increasing with the aging of the Spanish population. This age group might present different clinical features from younger groups. This study was carried out to determine the impact hospital admission on centenarians with an acute disease.

[Efficiency of the acute geriatric units compared to the rest of the hospital departments. A 5-year audit of the case-mix adjusted for diagnosis-related group].

Introduction: Hospital occupancy rate by older patients is high, and it will be even higher in the future. Their hospital stay is usually longer, making it important for hospitals to develop structures with the best efficiency possible.

Method: Hospital discharges of patients older than 75years with the 15 most frequent Diagnosis-Related Groups (DRG) in Geriatrics were recorded during a 5-year period in a 1,200-bed hospital.

Toxic epidermal necrolysis: a paradigm of critical illness.

Toxic epidermal necrolysis is an adverse immunological skin reaction secondary in most cases to the administration of a drug. Toxic epidermal necrolysis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and multiform exudative erythema are part of the same disease spectrum. The mortality rate from toxic epidermal necrolysis is approximately 30%.

Spanish Guidelines on the Evaluation and Diagnosis of Bronchiectasis in Adults.

In 2008, the Spanish Society of Pulmonology (SEPAR) published the first guidelines in the world on the diagnosis and treatment of bronchiectasis. Almost 10 years later, considerable scientific advances have been made in both the treatment and the evaluation and diagnosis of this disease, and the original guidelines have been updated to include the latest scientific knowledge on bronchiectasis. These new recommendations have been drafted following a strict methodological process designed to ensure the quality of content, and are linked to a large amount of online information that includes a wealth of references.

Spanish Guidelines on Treatment of Bronchiectasis in Adults.

In 2008, the Spanish Society of Pulmonology (SEPAR) published the first guidelines in the world on the diagnosis and treatment of bronchiectasis. Almost 10 years later, considerable scientific advances have been made in both the treatment and the evaluation and diagnosis of this disease, and the original guidelines have been updated to include the latest therapies available for bronchiectasis. These new recommendations have been drafted following a strict methodological process designed to ensure quality of content, and are linked to a large amount of online information that includes a wealth of references.

Successful control of 2 simultaneous outbreaks of OXA-48 carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in an intensive care unit.

Background: This report describes a double outbreak of OXA-48-producing Enterobacteriaceae (OXA-48-PE) and multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MRAB) in an intensive care unit (ICU) and the effectiveness of measures implemented, including decontamination with vaporized hydrogen peroxide (VHP).

Methods: Affected patients were isolated in a confined area and cared for by dedicated personnel. Four percent chlorhexidine soap was used for patient daily hygiene.

Benefit Finding in Cardiac Patients: Relationships with Emotional Well-Being and Resources after Controlling for Physical Functional Impairment.

Benefit finding (BF) is defined as the individual's perception of positive change as a result of coping with an adverse life event. The beneficial effects of BF on well-being could be because BF favors the improvement of resources like self-efficacy, social support and effective coping. The main objective of this longitudinal 8 week study was to explore, in a sample of cardiac patients (n = 51), the combined contribution of BF and these resources to the positive affect.

[FIXING DEVICE FOR CLOSING AND COUPLING AN INTRAVENOUS CATHETER].

Introduction: skin fixing devices in peripheral, central or arterial catheters have several important drawbacks: site infection, stacking of material in the anatomical area which is very annoying for the patient and medical staff risk when fixating stitches are used.

Objective: to develop a fixing device that simplifies presently used systems, favoring asepsis and motility.

Methods: the device herein described is composed by a mechanical fixation, a closing system and coupling for intravenous catheters.

Performance of a new gelled nested PCR test for the diagnosis of imported malaria: comparison with microscopy, rapid diagnostic test, and real-time PCR.

Microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are the techniques commonly used for malaria diagnosis but they are usually insensitive at very low levels of parasitemia. Nested PCR is commonly used as a reference technique in the diagnosis of malaria due to its high sensitivity and specificity. However, it is a cumbersome assay only available in reference centers.

[Assessing patients with fear of falling. Does the method use change the results? A systematic review].

Objective: To analyse if the use of different methods to assess fear of falling (FF), changes the risk factors for developing it, and the consequences arising from this.

Design: Systematic review.

Data Sources: Electronic data bases, MEDLINE, EMBZ, EMBASE, CINAHL and PBMA.

[Acute orthogeriatric care (II). Clinical aspects].

The present article reviews the clinical principles of acute orthogeriatric care. The application of geriatric medicine to patients with hip fracture is explained. The principal stages of geriatric intervention in this process are mentioned, as are the interventions to be carried out by the geriatric team.