High mortality due to gastrointestinal TB in HIV and non-HIV patients.

Due to the reported low incidence of gastrointestinal TB, there is a lack of data related to the prognosis, risk factors and frequency of resistant TB in this subgroup of patients. To report the clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, treatment and outcomes in gastrointestinal TB. We prospectively studied the demographic, clinical, and paraclinical data of all consecutive gastrointestinal TB inpatients over an 8-year period.

Performance of pre-transplant criteria in prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma progression and waitlist dropout.

Background & Aim: Liver transplantation (LT) selection models for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have not been proposed to predict waitlist dropout because of tumour progression. The aim of this study was to compare the alpha-foetoprotein (AFP) model and other pre-LT models in their prediction of HCC dropout.

Methods: A multicentre cohort study was conducted in 20 Latin American transplant centres, including 994 listed patients for LT with HCC from 2012 to 2018.

Effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists on renal function: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Aims: The objective of this meta-analysis was to examine the impact of the GLP-1 RA on renal function parameters in randomized controlled trials.

Methods: A systematic search was performed in PubMed-MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Google Scholar databases.

Direct Oral Anticoagulants for the Treatment of Cancer-Associated Venous Thromboembolism: A Latin American Perspective.

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with cancer. On the basis of results from randomized controlled trials, direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are now recommended for the treatment of cancer-associated VTE. The decision to use a DOAC requires consideration of bleeding risk, particularly in patients with gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies, the cost-benefit and convenience of oral therapy, and patient preference.

Azithromycin effect on multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii biofilm production and composition.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of azithromycin (AZM) on biofilm formation and composition in multidrug resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii.

Material And Methods: Ninety-six A. baumannii isolates were studied.

Adrenal functional reserve in the full spectrum of chronic kidney disease.

Background: Altered cortisol levels have been associated with an increase in mortality and a decrease in health-related quality of life in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD); however, adrenal response to adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test has not been evaluated in patients with stage 3a to 5 CKD with and without renal replacement therapy (RRT).

Objective: To evaluate adrenal function in patients with CKD.

Materials And Methods: Adults with CKD underwent a low-dose cosyntropin stimulation test (1 µg synthetic ACTH), with serum cortisol levels being measured at 0, +30 and +60 minutes post-test.

[Consensus on the use of iSGLT2 in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes ].

Although in recent years in Mexico the quality of diabetes mellitus (DM) care has improved and access to health services and medications has increased, there is a lack of adherence to the recommendations of the clinical guidelines, which could explain the poor glycemic control in many of the patients with DM. Sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 (iSGLT2) inhibitors have been the last class of antidiabetic agents to receive approval from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and COFEPRIS (Mexico). In order to improve the use of SGLT2i in clinical practice in Mexico, this paper presents the recommendations issued by a panel of eleven Mexican experts based on the new published evidence for the treatment of patients with DM2.

Statin indication according to the 2019 World Health Organization cardiovascular disease risk charts and carotid ultrasound in Mexican mestizo rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Background: We aimed to assess the concordance of recommendation for initiating statin therapy according to the 2019 World Health Organization (WHO) cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk charts and to the presence of carotid plaque (CP) identified with carotid ultrasound in Mexican mestizo rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, and to determine the proportion of patients reclassified to a high cardiovascular risk after the carotid ultrasound was performed.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study nested of a RA patients' cohort. A total of 157 Mexican mestizo RA patients were included.

The MELD Score Is Superior to the Maddrey Discriminant Function Score to Predict Short-Term Mortality in Alcohol-Associated Hepatitis: A Global Study.

Introduction: Several scoring systems predict mortality in alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH), including the Maddrey discriminant function (mDF) and model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score developed in the United States, Glasgow alcoholic hepatitis score in the United Kingdom, and age, bilirubin, international normalized ratio, and creatinine score in Spain. To date, no global studies have examined the utility of these scores, nor has the MELD-sodium been evaluated for outcome prediction in AH. In this study, we assessed the accuracy of different scores to predict short-term mortality in AH and investigated additional factors to improve mortality prediction.

Approach to the patient with cholestasis and jaundice syndrome. Joint AMH, AMG, and AMEG scientific position statement.

The term cholestasis refers to bile acid retention, whether within the hepatocyte or in the bile ducts of any caliber. Biochemically, it is defined by a level of alkaline phosphatase that is 1.67-times higher than the upper limit of normal.

Critical view of the myopectineal orifice: a scoring system to objectively evaluate transabdominal preperitoneal inguinal hernia repair.

Background: More than 20 million inguinal hernia repair (IHR) procedures are performed worldwide every year. The critical view of the myopectineal orifice (CV of the MPO) is a stepwise guide to the achievement and standardization of minimally invasive IHR (MI IHR). We propose a scoring system as an objective method for fulfillment of the CV of the MPO.

Diagnostic concordance of pathological methods and reports of hematopathologists compared to local nonspecialized pathologists in the diagnosis of lymphoma in Mexico.

Objectives: To assess the concordance between lymphoma diagnoses made via tissue biopsy by local pathologists and also to assess the after review of these specimens by more specialized hematopathologists.

Methods: A prospective, non-interventional and multicenter study was conducted at seven sites in Mexico from January 2017 to October 2017. Eligible biopsies were sampled from patients with a previous diagnosis of lymphoma on lymph node biopsy or a diagnosis of extranodal lymphoma, with adequate amount and tissue preservation for the review analysis.

[Mortality rate after a hip fracture in a low-income population in an orthopedic training hospital].

Introduction: Hip fracture are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in old patients. The one-year mortality after a hip fracture increase between 14 to 47%. The main objective was to analyze the risk factors associated with mortality after a hip fracture in a low-income population.

Economic impact of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: a systematic review.

Background: Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) requires complex care that generate elevated costs, which results in a high economic impact for the family. The aim of this systematic review was to collect and cluster the information currently available on healthcare costs associated with JIA after the introduction of biological therapies.

Methods: We comprehensively searched in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Databases for studies from January 2000 to March 2021.

Determinants of self-efficacy in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Background: Self-efficacy is the individual's assessment of his or hers ability to complete a specific task successfully and has been closely related to self-management and quality of life in several diseases.

Objective: To investigate self-efficacy in a population of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients in Mexico and study the factors that are associated with this measure.

Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional observational study involving patients with PD in an outpatient neurology clinic in Mexico, using the following instruments: Spanish version of the Chronic Disease Self-Efficacy Scale (CDSES), Quality of Life Questionnaire PDQ-8, Movement Disorders Society-Unified Parkinson's disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and Non-Motor Symptom Scale (NMSS).

Inflammatory bowel disease: The role of commensal microbiome in immune regulation.

The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing. Microbiome is one of the most important factors in its development and affects the different clinical outcomes of IBD patients depending on its composition and different alterations. We conducted a systematic review to discuss the association between microbiome and IBD in terms of immune regulation, and therapies that can modify microbiota.

Basal cell nevus syndrome: an update on clinical findings.

Basal cell nevus syndrome, also known as Gorlin-Goltz syndrome, is a rare autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutations in the hedgehog signaling pathway, mainly in PTCH1. This pathway is involved in embryogenesis and tumorigenesis, and the loss of function of PTCH1 protein produces an aberrant increase in the hedgehog signaling pathway activity. Basal cell nevus syndrome is characterized by tumor predisposition, particularly with the development of multiple basal cell carcinomas at an early age, along with odontogenic keratocysts, palmoplantar pits, skeletal abnormalities, and an increased risk of medulloblastoma.

Asociación Mexicana de Hepatología A.C. Clinical guideline on hepatitis B.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection continues to be a worldwide public health problem. In Mexico, at least three million adults are estimated to have acquired hepatitis B (total hepatitis B core antibody [anti-HBc]-positive), and of those, 300,000 active carriers (hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg]-positive) could require treatment. Because HBV is preventable through vaccination, its universal application should be emphasized.

Prevalence and associated characteristics of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Mexico 5 months after pandemic arrival.

Background: Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies is now available in several world regions to better estimate transmission dynamics. However, to date, there is no epidemiological data regarding anti-SARS-CoV-2 prevalence in Mexico. Therefore, we aimed to determine the prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and define the clinical and demographic characteristics associated with seroprevalence.

Asociación Mexicana de Hepatología A.C. Clinical guideline on hepatitis B.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection continues to be a worldwide public health problem. In Mexico, at least three million adults are estimated to have acquired hepatitis B (total hepatitis B core antibody [anti-HBc]-positive), and of those, 300,000 active carriers (hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg]-positive) could require treatment. Because HBV is preventable through vaccination, its universal application should be emphasized.

An international audit of the management of dyslipidaemia and hypertension in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: results from 19 countries.

Aims: To assess differences in estimated cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients from different world regions and to evaluate the management and goal attainment of lipids and blood pressure (BP).

Methods And Results: The survey of CVD risk factors in patients with RA was conducted in 14 503 patients from 19 countries during 2014-19. The treatment goal for BP was <140/90 mmHg.

Seroprevalence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Blood Donors from Nuevo Leon State, Mexico, during 2020: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Evaluation.

The progression and distribution of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic are continuously changing over time and can be traced by blood donors' serological survey. Here, we investigated the seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in blood donors in Nuevo Leon, Mexico during 2020 as a strategy for the rapid evaluation of the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and asymptomatic case detection. We collected residual plasma samples from blood donors who attended two regional donation centers from January to December of 2020 to identify changes in anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG prevalence.