Global Fractional Anisotropy: Effect on Resting-state Neural Activity and Brain Networking in Healthy Participants.

The global fractional anisotropy (gFA) is a structural marker of white matter myelination and integrity. Previous studies already evidenced that aging-related reduced integrity of specific white matter tracts is associated with decreased functional connectivity in several hubs. However, the correlations between gFA and functional brain connectivity remain unknown.

Oral vinorelbine and cisplatin as first-line therapy for advanced squamous NSCLC patients: a prospective randomized international phase II study (NAVoTrial 03).

Objective: The study investigated the efficacy and safety of oral vinorelbine-cisplatin (OV-CDDP) and gemcitabine-cisplatin (GEM-CDDP) in patients with squamous non-small cell lung cancer (sq-NSCLC).

Patients And Methods: This was an open-label, prospective, multicenter, international phase II study that enrolled untreated patients with advanced sq-NSCLC. Patients were randomized to receive 3-week cycles of either 60-80 mg/m OV days 1 and 8 in combination with 80 mg/m CDDP day 1 (arm A) or 1250 mg/m GEM days 1 and 8 in combination with 75 mg/m CDDP day 1 (arm B).

Mobile cauda equina ependymoma, case report and literature review.

The aim of this study was to describe a very rare presentation of ependymoma that can derive from intraoperative complications for surgeons and increased morbidity for the patients. Multiple cases of mobile cauda equina tumors leading to inadequate approach have been reported in the literature, however, the reports of ependymoma histology are very rare. This report describes the third adult case in recent years and a retrospective review of cases reported in the literature until today.

Perioperative chemotherapy versus surgery alone for resectable colorectal liver metastases: an international multicentre propensity score matched analysis on long-term outcomes according to established prognostic risk scores.

Background: There is still uncertainty regarding the role of perioperative chemotherapy (CTx) in patients with resectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLM), especially in those with a low-risk of recurrence.

Methods: Multicentre retrospective analysis of patients with CRLM undergoing liver resection between 2010-2015. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether they received perioperative CTx or not and were compared using propensity score matching (PSM) analysis.

Evaluation of data quality in the Spanish EURECCA Esophagogastric Cancer Registry.

Background: Although the number of nationwide clinical registries in upper gastrointestinal cancer is increasing, few of them perform regular clinical audits. The Spanish EURECCA Esophagogastric Cancer Registry (SEEGCR) was launched in 2013. The aim of this study was to assess the reliability of the data in terms of completeness and accuracy.

Incidence, risk factors, clinical characteristics and outcomes of deep venous thrombosis in patients with COVID-19 attending the Emergency Department: results of the UMC-19-S8.

Background And Importance: A higher incidence of venous thromboembolism [both pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis (DVT)] in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been described. But little is known about the true frequency of DVT in patients who attend emergency department (ED) and are diagnosed with COVID-19.

Objective: We investigated the incidence, risk factors, clinical characteristics and outcomes of DVT in patients with COVID-19 attending the ED before hospitalization.

A Novel Grape-Derived Prebiotic Selectively Enhances Abundance and Metabolic Activity of Butyrate-Producing Bacteria in Faecal Samples.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients have different faecal microbiota profiles compared to healthy controls. Prebiotics intake influences intestinal microbiota composition which in turn influence the growth of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) producing bacteria. This study aimed to evaluate the capacity of Previpect, a new prebiotic obtained from grapes fibre, to balance the dysbiosis found in patients with intestinal disorders.

A snapshot of the 2020 conception of anatomic liver resections and their applicability on minimally invasive liver surgery. A preparatory survey for the Expert Consensus Meeting on Precision Anatomy for Minimally Invasive HBP Surgery.

Background: The main aim of this survey was to analyze how liver surgeons perform liver resections and to define their conception of anatomic procedures within the incorporation of minimally invasive liver surgery (MILS).

Methods: The survey was distributed among liver surgeons. It mainly focused on personal experience on open and MILS, methods and landmarks, and experience on anatomic resections and Glissonean approach.

Validation of a second-generation appropriateness classification system for total knee arthroplasty: a prospective cohort study.

Background: To test the validity of a second-generation appropriateness system in a cohort of patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Methods: We applied the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method to derive our second-generation system and conducted a prospective study of patients diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis in eight public hospitals in Spain. Main outcome questionnaires were the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Short-Form-12 (SF-12), and the Knee Society Score satisfaction scale (KSS), completed before and 6 months after TKA.

Prognostic Significance of Concomitant Superficial Vein Thrombosis in Patients with Deep Vein Thrombosis of the Lower Limbs.

Background: The prognostic significance of concomitant superficial vein thrombosis (SVT) in patients with lower-limb deep vein thrombosis (DVT) has not been consistently evaluated.

Methods: We used the RIETE (Registro Informatizado de Enfermedad TromboEmbólica) registry to compare the rates of subsequent pulmonary embolism (PE), recurrent DVT, major bleeding or death in patients with lower-limb DVT, according to the presence or absence of concomitant SVT.

Results: From March 2015 to May 2020, there were 8,743 patients with lower-limb DVT.

Generation of a Novel In Vitro Model to Study Endothelial Dysfunction from Atherothrombotic Specimens.

Purpose: Endothelial dysfunction is central to the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndrome. The study of diseased endothelium is very challenging due to inherent difficulties in isolating endothelial cells from the coronary vascular bed. We sought to isolate and characterise coronary endothelial cells from patients undergoing thrombectomy for myocardial infarction to develop a patient-specific in vitro model of endothelial dysfunction.

Assessing the quality of the evidence underlying recommendations in type 2 diabetes' commonly used clinical practice guidelines.

Aim: In a world of data overload, clinical practice recommendations are needed to help practitioners and patients to take evidence-based decisions. However, in the field of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) recommendations on glycemic goals and treatment choice are controversial in spite of being supported by a common body of evidence. We hypothesize that internal and external validity of this body of evidence might not be as sound as expected.

Anatomical and functional outcomes of transcanalicular diode laser assisted dacryocystorhinostomy as a primary procedure.

Introduction: The goal of this study was to assess the efficacy of transcanalicular diode laser assisted dacryocystorhinostomy (TDL-DCR) for the treatment of primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction.

Material And Methods: This was a single center retrospective study. We included all patients who underwent TDL-DCR between July 2015 and October 2017 for chronic epiphora or chronic dacryocystitis.

First documented outbreak of arthritis caused by Kingella kingae in a Spanish childcare center.

Background: Recently, Kingella kingae (K. kingae) has been described as the most common agent of skeletal system infections in children 6 months-2 years of age. More exceptional is the clinical presentation in clusters of invasive K.

Whole-Brain Dynamics in Aging: Disruptions in Functional Connectivity and the Role of the Rich Club.

Normal aging causes disruptions in the brain that can lead to cognitive decline. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging studies have found significant age-related alterations in functional connectivity across various networks. Nevertheless, most of the studies have focused mainly on static functional connectivity.

New fecal bacterial signature for colorectal cancer screening reduces the fecal immunochemical test false-positive rate in a screening population.

Guidelines recommend routine screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) in asymptomatic adults starting at age 50. The most extensively used noninvasive test for CRC screening is the fecal immunochemical test (FIT), which has an overall sensitivity for CRC of approximately 61.0%-91.

Thrombectomy vs medical management in low NIHSS acute anterior circulation stroke.

Objective: To undertake an effectiveness and safety analysis of EVT in patients with LVO and NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score ≤6 using datasets of multicenter and multinational nature.

Methods: We pooled patients with anterior circulation occlusion from 3 prospective international cohorts. Patients were eligible if presentation occurred within 12 hours from last known well and baseline NIHSS ≤6.

Peritumoral immune infiltrates in primary tumours are not associated with the presence of axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: The axillary lymph nodes (ALNs) in breast cancer patients are the body regions to where tumoral cells most often first disseminate. The tumour immune response is important for breast cancer patient outcome, and some studies have evaluated its involvement in ALN metastasis development. Most studies have focused on the intratumoral immune response, but very few have evaluated the peritumoral immune response.

Trends and outcome of neoadjuvant treatment for rectal cancer: A retrospective analysis and critical assessment of a 10-year prospective national registry on behalf of the Spanish Rectal Cancer Project.

Introduction: Preoperative treatment and adequate surgery increase local control in rectal cancer. However, modalities and indications for neoadjuvant treatment may be controversial. Aim of this study was to assess the trends of preoperative treatment and outcomes in patients with rectal cancer included in the Rectal Cancer Registry of the Spanish Associations of Surgeons.

Long-term follow-up of differentiated thyroid carcinoma in children and adolescents.

Objectives The aims were to analyze the clinical features, response to treatment, prognostic factors and long-term follow-up of children and adolescents with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). Methods Eighty patients with DTC were studied retrospectively. All underwent total or near-total thyroidectomy, and in 75 cases, ablative iodine therapy was recommended.

Bariatric Surgery-Induced Changes in Intima-Media Thickness and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Class 3 Obesity: A 3-Year Follow-Up Study.

Objective: The impact of weight loss induced by bariatric surgery (BS) and nonsurgical approaches on cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) has not been fully elucidated. We assessed the effects of BS and a nonsurgical approach on carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and CVRFs in participants with class 3 obesity.

Methods: A total of 87 participants with obesity (59 women; 46 [37-52] years old; BMI, 43 [40-47]) and 75 controls were recruited; 21 (25%) participants with obesity underwent BS.

Switching Ratio from Parenteral to Oral Methadone 1:1.2 Is Safer Compared with Ratio 1:2 in Patients with Controlled Cancer Pain: A Multicenter Randomized-Controlled Trial (RATIOMTD-010810).

The most commonly used switching ratio from parenteral to oral methadone is 1:2. Methadone is highly bioavailable and a lower ratio might result in similar analgesia with less toxicity. To compare success and side effects with two ratios from parenteral to oral methadone: 1:2 versus 1:1.