Controversies in the use of next-generation imaging for evaluation and treatment decision-making in patients with prostate cancer after biochemical recurrence: views from a Spanish expert panel.

Introduction: Diagnosing and managing biochemical recurrence (BCR) of prostate cancer (PCa) following primary radical treatment remain a challenge. Implementing next-generation imaging (NGI) techniques has improved metastases detection. However, access to these techniques is heterogeneous, and controversies surround their use and subsequent treatment decisions.

The effectiveness of core stability exercises on functional outcomes in early subacute stroke recovery: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The core is important in providing local strength and balance and is central to almost all kinetic chains of daily activities.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of additional Core Stability Exercises (CSE) to conventional physiotherapy (CP) versus CP alone to improve dynamic sitting balance, coordination, trunk function, and stepping (gait) as a primary outcome and functional sitting balance, postural control, standing balance and fall risk, lower limb spasticity, activities of daily living, degree of disability, and quality of life for early subacute stroke recovery.

Methods: A multicentre parallel, randomized, controlled, assessor-blinded trial was conducted.

ASYMPTOMATIC INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE DIAGNOSED DURING COLORECTAL CANCER POPULATION SCREENING IN CATALONIA: CHARACTERISTICS AND NATURAL HISTORY.

Introduction: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is usually diagnosed when symptomatic. Prognosis and evolution of preclinical IBD is largely unknown. However, colorectal cancer screening programs (CRCSP) detect a subset of IBD patients with no symptoms.

Safety outcomes of ketamine for treatment-resistant depression in clinical settings and development of the ketamine side effect tool-revised (KSET-R).

Background: Ketamine and its derivates (e.g. esketamine) are increasingly used in clinical settings for treatment-resistant depression (TRD).

The role of amphipathic and cationic helical peptides in Parkinson's disease.

Peptides are attracting a growing interest for therapeutic applications in biomedicine. In Parkinson's disease (PD), different human endogenous peptides have been associated with beneficial effects, including protein aggregation inhibition, reduced inflammation, or the protection of dopaminergic neurons. Such effects seem to be connected to the spatial arrangement of peptide side chains, and many of these human molecules share common conformational traits, displaying a distinctive amphipathic and cationic helical structure, which is believed to be crucial for their activities.

Association between Driving Pressure, Systemic Inflammation and Non-pulmonary Organ Dysfunction in Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, a Prospective Pathophysiological Study.

Background: Driving pressure is thought to determine the effect of low tidal ventilation on survival in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. The leading cause of mortality in these patients is non-pulmonary multiorgan dysfunction, which is believed to worsen due to the biological response to mechanical ventilation (biotrauma). Therefore, we aimed to analyze the association between driving pressure, biotrauma, and non-pulmonary multiorgan dysfunction.

Adult height in girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty treated with triptorelin.

Objective: Idiopathic central precocious puberty (CPP) precipitates epiphyseal fusion of growth plates in long bones, leading to reduced adult stature. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues (GnRHa) are the treatment of choice for idiopathic CPP, but their benefit on height gain is unclear. We aimed to elucidate the effects of GnRHa treatment on adult height in girls with idiopathic CPP.

A worldwide assessment of the mechanical ventilation in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Analysis of the VENTILAGROUP over time. A retrospective, multicenter study.

Background: The trend over time and across different geographical areas of outcomes and management with noninvasive ventilation or invasive mechanical ventilation in patients admitted for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and treated with ventilatory support is unknown. The purpose of this study was to describe outcomes and identify variables associated with survival for patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [aeCOPD] who received noninvasive or invasive mechanical ventilation worldwide.

Methods: Retrospective, multi-national, and multicenter studies, including four observational cohort studies, were carried out in 1998, 2004, 2010, and 2016 for the VENTILAGROUP following the same methodology.

Efficacy and safety of a non-immersive virtual reality-based neuropsychological intervention for cognitive stimulation and relaxation in patients with critical illness: study protocol of a randomized clinical trial (RGS-ICU).

Background: Experiencing a critical illness may be a stressful life event that is also associated with cognitive dysfunction during and after the intensive care unit (ICU) stay. A deep-tech solution based on non-immersive virtual reality, gamification and motion capture called Rehabilitation Gaming System for Intensive Care Units (RGS-ICU) has been developed that includes both cognitive stimulation and relaxation protocols specifically designed for patients with critical illness. This study aims to evaluate whether the cognitive and relaxation protocols of the RGS-ICU platform are 1) effective in improving neuropsychological outcomes during and after ICU stay and 2) safe for patients with critical illness.

[Conceptual framework and historical perspective of intermediate care].

The aging of the population is raising the need to make structural changes in the National Health System. First, the need to increase geriatric services in all hospitals. Second, implement and integrate intermediate care (IC), and Third and last, guarantee medical care in long-term care.

Further delineation of the SCAF4-associated neurodevelopmental disorder.

While mostly de novo truncating variants in SCAF4 were recently identified in 18 individuals with variable neurodevelopmental phenotypes, knowledge on the molecular and clinical spectrum is still limited. We assembled data on 50 novel individuals with SCAF4 variants ascertained via GeneMatcher and personal communication. With detailed evaluation of clinical data, in silico predictions and structural modeling, we further characterized the molecular and clinical spectrum of the autosomal dominant SCAF4-associated neurodevelopmental disorder.

Prognostic performance of early immune and endothelial activation markers in mild-to-moderate COVID-19 outpatients: a nested case-control study.

Introduction: Evidence on the association of biomarkers of host response to infection with COVID-19 clinical outcomes has focused mainly on hospitalized patients. We investigated the prognostic performance of 39 immune and endothelial activation markers measured early in the course of disease to predict the development of severe COVID-19 and hospitalization.

Methods: We conducted a nested case-control study from a randomized clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of COVID-19 convalescent plasma in outpatients aged 50 years or older presenting with mild-to-moderate COVID-19.

Resilience and emergence of pneumococcal serotypes and lineages in adults post-PCV13 in Spain: A multicentre study.

Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae causes invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in adults. The introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) has reduced vaccine serotypes but has also led to the rise of non-vaccine serotypes. The aim of this study was to analyse pneumococcal lineages and their association with recent changes in IPD among adults in Spain.

A unique strain to study gastric cancer development.

colonizes a majority of the human population worldwide and can trigger development of a variety of gastric diseases. Since the bacterium is classified as a carcinogen, elucidation of the characteristics of that influence gastric carcinogenesis is a high priority. To this end, the Mongolian gerbil infection model has proven to be an important tool to study gastric cancer progression.

Inflammatory bowel disease in axial spondyloarthritis patients. Is there any specific clinical picture? Data from the RESPONDIA and REGISPONSER registries.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) affects 5%-10% of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients. Prior data suggest AS patients with IBD may have more severe disease and lower HLA-B27 prevalence. Yet, little is known about potential distinctions in AS with IBD compared to those without IBD.

Urethral stricture management knowledge survey among Spanish urology residents.

Introduction And Objective: Assessment of urethral stricture (US) management in a specific group of professionals, Urology Residents, in a specific region (Spain), seems to be important to determine the quality of the educational program and design educational interventions to improve it. We aim to investigate diagnosis and therapeutics practices among Urology Residents for the US management.

Materials And Methods: 20-question on-line survey was conducted among residents and junior consultants registered on the mailing list of residents and young urologists of the Spanish Association of Urology (RAEU) group of the educational period 2018-2023.

Collection of Multiple Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (CRAM-PROMs) in orthopaedic trauma: a randomized trial to assess the impact of quantity on quality.

Background: We rely on sound clinical research to ensure the safety and effectiveness of medical interventions. We are nowadays experiencing an increased utilization of Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) in research, for which there is good evidence on validity and reliability. However, these measures are often validated in isolation and not in a real-life setting where they are used in conjunction with other questionnaires and measures.

Maintenance with 5-FU/LV-aflibercept after induction with FOLFIRI-aflibercept versus FOLFIRI-aflibercept until progression as second-line treatment in older adults with metastatic colorectal cancer: the AFEMA phase II randomized trial.

Background: The combination chemotherapy i.v. 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), irinotecan, and aflibercept (FOLFIRI-A) is a standard second-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).