Prospective observational follow-up study of psychoactive drugs treatment initiated in the intensive care unit.

Objective: The treatment and prevention of delirium in the intensive care unit (ICU) have gained significant importance in patient care in recent years. Some studies have linked delirium with increased risks of mortality, prolonged hospital stay, and more days of mechanical ventilation. This study aims to analyze the use of psychotropic drugs initiated in the ICU and their continuation upon hospital discharge, as well as to evaluate their contribution to polypharmacy and associated adverse clinical effects.

K-Means Clustering Identifies Diverse Clinical Phenotypes in COVID-19 Patients: Implications for Mortality Risks and Remdesivir Impact.

Introduction: The impact of remdesivir on mortality in patients with COVID-19 is still controversial. We aimed to identify clinical phenotype clusters of COVID-19 hospitalized patients with highest benefit from remdesivir use and validate these findings in an external cohort.

Methods: We included consecutive patients hospitalized between February 2020 and February 2021 for COVID-19.

Association of polypharmacy scores with the long-term survival of patients with intact aortoiliac aneurysms and indication for repair.

Objective/background: Our study analyzed the relationship between two polypharmacy scores (addition of chronic prescribed drugs [ACPDs] and Rx-Risk Comorbidity Index) and survival in patients with an intact abdominal aortic and/or common iliac aneurysm (AAA).

Methods: Consecutive retrospective, single-center cohort of patients attended for an intact AAA with indication for repair from 2008 to 2021. Demographic data, Charlson Comorbidity Index, AAA treatment, ACPD, and Rx-Risk polypharmacy scores were recorded at baseline.

Mezigdomide plus Dexamethasone in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma.

Background: Despite recent progress, multiple myeloma remains incurable. Mezigdomide is a novel cereblon E3 ubiquitin ligase modulator with potent antiproliferative and tumoricidal activity in preclinical models of multiple myeloma, including those resistant to lenalidomide and pomalidomide.

Methods: In this phase 1-2 study, we administered oral mezigdomide in combination with dexamethasone to patients with relapsed and refractory myeloma.

Phase II Trial of Atezolizumab Combined With Carboplatin and Pemetrexed for Patients With Advanced Nonsquamous Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer With Untreated Brain Metastases (Atezo-Brain, GECP17/05).

Purpose: The Atezo-Brain study evaluated atezolizumab combined with chemotherapy in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with untreated brain metastases, a population traditionally excluded from trials.

Methods: This single-arm phase II clinical trial enrolled patients with advanced nonsquamous NSCLC with untreated brain metastases without neurologic symptoms or asymptomatic with medical treatment. Dexamethasone was allowed up to 4 mg once daily.

Endarterectomy, Stenting, or Medical Treatment for Symptomatic Carotid Near-Occlusion: Results from CAOS, a Multicenter Registry Study.

Background And Purpose: The treatment of symptomatic carotid near-occlusion is controversial. Our aim was to analyze the results of carotid endarterectomy and carotid artery stent placement in patients with symptomatic carotid near-occlusion and to identify factors related to technical failure, periprocedural complications, and restenosis.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a multicenter, prospective nonrandomized study.

Cytokine response as a biomarker for early diagnosis and outcome prediction of stem cell transplant recipients and acute leukemia patients with invasive aspergillosis.

Unlabelled: We aimed to determine the role of serum cytokine expression in invasive aspergillosis (IA) diagnosis and outcome prediction in hematologic patients. In this multicenter study, serum cytokines (IL6, IL10, INF-gamma, IL12, IL4, TNF-alpha, IL17, and IL23) were prospectively recruited from all consecutive patients with hematologic malignances at IA diagnosis and compared to control patients matched by center, age, baseline disease, and therapeutic regimen. We included 36 patients with IA and 36 controls.

Real-world use of mycophenolate mofetil in inflammatory bowel disease: Results from the ENEIDA registry.

Background: Studies to evaluate the use of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are limited after the appearance of biological treatments.

Aims: Our primary objective was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of MMF in IBD.

Methods: IBD patients who had received MMF were retrieved from the ENEIDA registry.

Oral ingestion versus endoscopic delivery of endoscopic capsule in patients with previous gastrointestinal surgery (ORENCES study): A Spanish multicentre observational study.

Background: Small Bowel Capsule Endoscopy is the first-choice technique for investigating the majority of small bowel diseases. Its most common complications are related to incomplete examinations and capsule retention. There is no consensus on how patients with previous gastrointestinal surgery should receive the capsule.

Ultrasonographic and hemodynamic characteristics of patients with symptomatic carotid near-occlusion: results from a multicenter registry study.

Purpose: The ultrasonographic and hemodynamic features of patients with carotid near-occlusion (CNO) are still not well known. Our aim was to describe the ultrasonographic and hemodynamic characteristics of a cohort of patients with CNO.

Methods: A prospective, observational, nationwide, and multicenter study was conducted from January/2010 to May/2016.

Recommendations of the Spanish Working Group on Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis (GETECCU) on screening and treatment of tuberculosis infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

There is evidence that following the recommendations on screening and treatment of tuberculosis infection does not completely prevent the onset of tuberculosis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. This fact, and the increasing use of new biologics and immunomodulators, has led the Spanish Group Working on Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis to update their recommendations for the prevention of tuberculosis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Diagnostic methods for latent tuberculosis infection, different scenarios in which screening is to be performed, strategies to reduce the risk of tuberculosis once biological treatment is initiated and chemoprophylaxis guidelines for latent tuberculosis infection are reviewed, as well as the management of active tuberculosis during biological treatment.

Microbial Signature in Adipose Tissue of Crohn's Disease Patients.

Crohn's disease (CD) is characterized by compromised immune tolerance to the intestinal commensal microbiota, intestinal barrier inflammation, and hyperplasia of creeping fat (CF) and mesenteric adipose tissue (AT), which seems to be directly related to disease activity. Gut microbiota dysbiosis might be a determining factor in CD etiology, manifesting as a low microbial diversity and a high abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria. We tested the hypothesis that CF is a reservoir of bacteria through 16S-rRNA sequencing of several AT depots of patients with active and inactive disease and controls.

Adipose stem cells from patients with Crohn's disease show a distinctive DNA methylation pattern.

Background: Crohn's disease (CD) is characterized by persistent inflammation and ulceration of the small or large bowel, and expansion of mesenteric adipose tissue, termed creeping fat (CF). We previously demonstrated that human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) from CF of patients with CD exhibit dysfunctional phenotypes, including a pro-inflammatory profile, high phagocytic capacity, and weak immunosuppressive properties. Importantly, these phenotypes persist in patients in remission and are found in all adipose depots explored including subcutaneous fat.

Transcranial sonography in atypical parkinsonism: How reliable is it in real clinical practice? A multicentre comprehensive study.

Introduction: Substantia nigra hyperechogenicity (SN+) in transcranial sonography (TCS) is frequent in Parkinson's disease (PD), while lenticular nucleus hyperechogenicity (LN+) and 3rd ventricle enlargement (3V+) are typical of Atypical Parkinsonisms (AP). However, there are no studies assessing the diagnostic yield of all TCS biomarkers in the three AP (progressive supranuclear palsy, PSP, multiple system atrophy, MSA, corticobasal degeneration, CBD). Previous references lack homogeneous criteria and data are incomprehensive.

Correlation between impulse oscillometry parameters and asthma control in an adult population.

Impulse oscillometry (IOS) has been proposed as an alternative test to evaluate the obstruction of small airways and to detect changes in airways earlier than spirometry. In this study, we sought to determine the utility and association of IOS parameters with spirometry and asthma control in an adult population. Adults 14-82 years of age with asthma were classified into uncontrolled asthma (n=48), partially controlled asthma (n=45), and controlled asthma (n=49) groups, and characterized with fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FE), IOS, and spirometry in a transversal analysis planned as a one-visit study.

Hemodialysis vascular access and subsequent transplantation: a report from the ESPN/ERA-EDTA Registry.

Background: Current guidelines advocate use of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) over central venous catheter (CVC) for children starting hemodialysis (HD). European data on current practice, determinants of access choice and switches, patient survival, and access to transplantation are limited.

Methods: We included incident patients from 18 European countries who started HD from 2000 to 2013 for whom vascular access type was reported to the ESPN/ERA-EDTA Registry.

Correlation Between Anti-TNF Serum Levels and Endoscopic Inflammation in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients.

Objectives: (a) To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of anti-TNF trough levels to predict mucosal healing in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); (b) to determine the best cut-off point to predict mucosal healing in IBD patients treated with anti-TNF.

Methods: This is a multicenter, prospective study. IBD patients under anti-TNF treatment for at least 6 months that had to undergo an endoscopy were included.

Tolerability and positive efficacy results after subcutaneous immunotherapy with Parietaria judaica depot extract.

Aim: To evaluate tolerability and efficacy of Parietaria judaica subcutaneous immunotherapy on patients with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis.

Patients & Methods: 51 patients were assigned to build-up scheme (six increasing doses) of P. judaica depot native extract, plus three maintenance monthly administrations.

Direct-acting antivirals are effective and safe in HCV/HIV-coinfected liver transplant recipients who experience recurrence of hepatitis C: A prospective nationwide cohort study.

Direct-acting antivirals have proved to be highly efficacious and safe in monoinfected liver transplant (LT) recipients who experience recurrence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, there is a lack of data on effectiveness and tolerability of these regimens in HCV/HIV-coinfected patients who experience recurrence of HCV infection after LT. In this prospective, multicenter cohort study, the outcomes of 47 HCV/HIV-coinfected LT patients who received DAA therapy (with or without ribavirin [RBV]) were compared with those of a matched cohort of 148 HCV-monoinfected LT recipients who received similar treatment.

Recommendations of the Spanish Working Group on Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis (GETECCU) on the use of thiopurines in inflammatory bowel disease.

Thiopurines (azathioprine and mercaptopurine) are widely used in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. In this paper, we review the main indications for their use, as well as practical aspects on efficacy, safety and method of administration. They are mainly used to maintain remission in steroid-dependent disease or with ciclosporin to control a severe ulcerative colitis flare-up, as well as to prevent postoperative Crohn's disease recurrence, and also in combination therapy with biologics.

Paricalcitol Versus Calcifediol for Treating Hyperparathyroidism in Kidney Transplant Recipients.

Introduction: Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) and vitamin D deficiency are common at kidney transplantation and are associated with some early and late complications. This study was designed to evaluate whether paricalcitol was more effective than nutritional vitamin D for controlling SHPT in kidney allograft recipients.

Methods: This was a 6-month, investigator-initiated, multicenter, open-label, randomized clinical trial.

Molecular characterization of congenital myasthenic syndromes in Spain.

Congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMS) are a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders, all of which impair neuromuscular transmission. Epidemiological data and frequencies of gene mutations are scarce in the literature. Here we describe the molecular genetic and clinical findings of sixty-four genetically confirmed CMS patients from Spain.

Impact of fluconazole susceptibility on the outcome of patients with candidaemia: data from a population-based surveillance.

Objectives: The clinical correlation of fluconazole antifungal susceptibility testing (AST) for Candida isolates and its integration with pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) parameters is unclear. We analysed the impact of fluconazole minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values, 24-hour area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) and AUC/MIC ratio on the outcome of candidemic patients.

Methods: We included 257 episodes of candidaemia treated with fluconazole monotherapy for ≥72 hours from a population-based surveillance conducted in 29 hospitals (CANDIPOP Project).