Reproducibility of Neurochemical Profile Quantification in Pregenual Cingulate, Anterior Midcingulate, and Bilateral Posterior Insular Subdivisions Measured at 3 Tesla.

The current report assessed measurement reproducibility of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 3 Tesla in the left and right posterior insular, pregenual anterior cingulate, and anterior midcingulate cortices. Ten healthy male volunteers aged 21-30 years were tested at four different days, of which nine were included in the data analysis. Intra- and inter-subject variability of myo-inositol, creatine, glutamate, total-choline, total-N-acetylaspartate, and combined glutamine-glutamate were calculated considering the influence of movement parameters, age, daytime of measurements, and tissue composition.

Reply to the letter: We really need a classification of prostatic abscess?

Not available.

Pseudoaneurysm secondary to transvesical prostatectomy.

Pseudoaneurysms associated with the internal pudendal artery is rare and may occur as a complication of prostatic surgery or or pelvic trauma. We present images of the first case in literature of an isolated pseudoaneurysm secondary to transvesical prostatic adenomectomy, which was successfully treated by transarterial coil embolization. This complication can be difficult to diagnose, manage, and cause significant postoperative bleeding.

[Zika virus as a new threat to the health and life].

The newly emerging pathogens are increasingly becoming a threat to health and life, as the cause of epidemic infections. In the last three years there were outbreaks caused by Zika virus, which was transmitted by mosquitoes mainly from the region of South America. However, reports WHO and CDC indicate that infection has now reached to most countries of the world, including European countries.

Efficacy of ultrasound-guided testicle-sparing surgery for small testicular masses.

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to evaluate evolution of conservative echo-guided surgery for testicular tumours ≤1.5 cm and to assess the safety of this surgical procedure.

Methods: 49 consecutive patients diagnosed with ultrasonography testicular lesions (mono or bilateral) ≤1.

The role of the digital rectal examination as diagnostic test for prostate cancer detection in obese patients.

Purpose: Digital rectal examination (DRE) is a routine part of prostate cancer Purpose: Digital rectal examination (DRE) is a routine part of prostate cancer (PCa) screening and provides important prognostic information. The purpose of this study was to analyse the potential association between obese patients and DRE findings for PCa detection.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who underwent an initial prostate needle biopsy for abnormal DRE, high prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels (≥4 ng/mL), or both at the Department of Urology.

Ultrasound evaluation of the striated urethral sphincter as a predictive parameter of urinary continence after radical prostatectomy.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate preoperatively the results of transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) in the detection of morphological, vascularization status of urethral rhabdosphincter (RS) and evaluate the correlation with urinary continence after radical prostatectomy (RP).

Methods: 211 patients who underwent RP were prospectively studied using TRUS scan of the RS thickness. At the end of the examination a study was performed with the use of colour-Doppler for the assessment of the RS vascularity pattern.

Association of Polymorphisms in Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthesis and Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System with Developing of Coronary Artery Disease in Bulgarian Patients.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of common polymorphisms in endothelial nitric oxide synthesis (eNOS; G894T) and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (angiotensin converting enzyme [ACE]-I/D, angiotensinogen-T704C, and angiotensin II receptor type 1-A1166C) as risk factors in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD) in Bulgarian patients.

Methods: This study included 171 patients with CAD and 123 control subjects. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was used for studying the single-nucleotide polymorphisms.

Pilot study on the detection of antiandrogen resistance using serial diffusion-weighted imaging of bone metastases in prostate cancer.

Purpose: To evaluate serial apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements of bone metastases in prostate cancer to determine whether antiandrogen resistance can be detected and time to progression estimated.

Materials And Methods: Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) was performed at 1.5T in nine patients with treatment-naïve metastatic prostate cancer (20 lesions) before antiandrogen treatment, after 1, 2, and 3 months of treatment, and thereafter every 4 months over 31 months or until antiandrogen resistance was detected.

Can transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy of the prostate with extended 14-core scheme improve the predictive accuracy of Gleason score and tumor site in prostate cancer treatment?

Purpose: Several studies have reported upgrading of patients with Gleason score (GS) at the time of prostate biopsy to GS following radical prostatectomy (RP). We reviewed the predictive accuracy of extended 14-core prostate biopsies, in terms of GS and tumor location in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) treated by RP.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 163 patients who underwent RP for clinically localized PCa.

A Rare Metastatic Myositis Ossificans of Obturator Muscle Secondary to Urothelial Carcinoma.

The most frequent metastatic sites of the urothelial bladder cancers (UBCs) are bones, lungs, lymph nodes, liver, pleura, and brain. In the literature, skeletal muscle metastases from UBC have been rarely reported. We report a case of a 65-year-old male with metastatic myositis ossificans to obturator muscle 14 months after radical cystectomy performed for a muscle invasive transitional cell carcinoma.

A new ultrasound and clinical classification for management of prostatic abscess.

Objectives: In literature, most of the published data regarding prostatic abscess (PA) are case reports, whereas there is no standardization of the diagnostic and therapeutic routines. The purpose of this study is a new classification of ultrasound imaging of PA with clinical features correlation.

Material And Methods: We retrospectively analysed the ultrasound database archives and performed a MEDLINE® research of the peer reviewed literature on diagnosis and case reports of PA using the terms "prostate and abscess".

An Unusual Presentation of Cystic Nephroma in an Adult Man.

Cystic nephroma (CN) is an uncommon, benign lesion of the kidney, whose clinical presentation is nonspecific with symptoms such as flack pain, hematuria and urinary tract infection. There are two peaks in the incidence of the tumor, with a bimodal distribution presenting in children between three months and two years, and in adults over 30-years of age. We report a case of CN in the middle part of the left kidney in a 66-year-old male that presented with a singular unilocular, well-circumscribed cyst containing numerous calcifications on the walls and with unremarkable thin or relatively thicker septa from the border with the renal parenchyma, but no solid components.

Suction/Inspiration against resistance or standardized Mueller maneuver : a new breathing technique to improve contrast density within the pulmonary artery: a pilot CT study.

Objective: Our aim was to prospectively investigate whether the recently introduced suction/inspiration against resistance breathing method leads to higher computed tomography (CT) contrast density in the pulmonary artery compared to standard breathing.

Material And Methods: The present study was approved by the Medical Ethics committee and all subjects gave written informed consent. Fifteen patients, each without suspicious lung emboli, were randomly assigned to four different groups with different breathing maneuvers (suction against resistance, Valsalva, inspiration, expiration) during routine CT.

A possible relationship between renal impairment and complications development in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a prospective, observational study in Italy.

Background: We investigated the relationship between complications development and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), in a cohort of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) outpatients.

Methods: This observational study considered 1284 T2DM outpatients, who had been followed-up for 4.5 ± 1.

Seasonal variation of human semen parameters: A retrospective study in Italy.

Introduction: Human infertility is a common condition secondary to many primary or secondary causes. As for these latter, different seasonal and climatic patterns have been hypothesized to play a role. The aim of this study was to assess the presence of a possible seasonal pattern in the functional parameters of semen samples maintained in a large tertiary center database.

Yoga and meditation for menopausal symptoms in breast cancer survivors-A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Breast cancer survivors have only very limited treatment options for menopausal symptoms. The objective of this trial was to evaluate the effects of a 12-week traditional Hatha yoga and meditation intervention on menopausal symptoms in breast cancer survivors.

Methods: Patients were randomly assigned either to a 12-week yoga and meditation intervention or to usual care.

Aetiology of acute paediatric gastroenteritis in Bulgaria during summer months: prevalence of viral infections.

Paediatric acute gastroenteritis is a global public health problem. Comprehensive laboratory investigation for viral, bacterial and parasitic agents is helpful for improving management of acute gastroenteritis in health care settings and for monitoring and controlling the spread of these infections. Our study aimed to investigate the role of various pathogens in infantile diarrhoea in Bulgaria outside the classical winter epidemics of rotavirus and norovirus.

Superselective microcoil embolization in severe intractable epistaxis: an analysis of 12 consecutive cases from an otorhinolaryngologic and an interventional neuroradiologic point of view.

From 2006 to 2013, 12 patients with severe epistaxis refractory to prior conservative and surgical therapy were treated by superselective embolization of nasal arteries. Supersoft platinum microcoils with smallest diameters were used as the sole embolic agent in all cases. Coils were applied far distally in a stretched position for obtaining ideal target vessel superselectivity.

All-cause mortality and estimated renal function in type 2 diabetes mellitus outpatients: Is there a relationship with the equation used?

Background: We investigated the relationship between serum creatinine (SCr) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), evaluated by different formulae, and all-cause mortality (ACM) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) outpatients.

Methods: This observational cohort study considered 1365 T2DM outpatients, who had been followed up for a period of up to 11 years. eGFR was estimated using several equations.

Early treatment response in non-small cell lung cancer patients using diffusion-weighted imaging and functional diffusion maps--a feasibility study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the feasibility of monitoring treatment response to chemotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma using functional diffusion maps (fDMs).

Materials And Methods: This study was approved by the Cantonal Research Ethics Committee and informed written consent was obtained from all patients. Nine patients (mean age = 66 years; range = 53-76 years, 5 females, 4 males) with overall 13 lesions were included.

Hearing threshold estimation by auditory steady-state responses with narrow-band chirps and adaptive stimulus patterns: implementation in clinical routine.

Objective hearing threshold estimation by auditory steady-state responses (ASSR) can be accelerated by the use of narrow-band chirps and adaptive stimulus patterns. This modification has been examined in only a few clinical studies. In this study, clinical data is validated and extended, and the applicability of the method in audiological diagnostics routine is examined.

24 hour ambulatory blood pressure values corresponding to office blood pressure value of 130/80 mm Hg.

Background: 24 hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) values for patients who have office BP of 130/80 mm Hg have not been clearly reported.

Aim: The determination of ABPM values in treated hypertensive subjects corresponding to a mean office BP of 130/80 mm Hg.

Methods: BP measurement in subjects 40-70 years old, by ABPM and mercury sphygmomanometer.