Remission induction therapies and long-term outcomes in granulomatosis with polyangiitis and microscopic polyangiitis: real-world data from a European cohort.

To explore disease characteristics, renal involvement and induction treatment strategies over the last decades and evaluate relapse rates and renal outcomes in ANCA-associated vasculitides (AAV). We retrospectively analyzed remission, relapse rates and the occurrence of the composite endpoint (comprising death and renal failure) in newly diagnosed AAV cases in four tertial referral centers in Germany and Switzerland diagnosed between 1999 and 2022. Hazard ratios were computed by Cox proportional hazard and Kaplan-Meier curves were plotted to compare therapeutic strategies after propensity-matching.

Surgical management of testicular cancer with limited retroperitoneal disease.

Purpose Of Review: Chemotherapy offers excellent long-term survival rates for men with clinical stage II germ cell tumours. However, in this predominantly younger population, chemotherapy is associated with long-term adverse effects. Primary retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) may serve as an alternative treatment option, preserving oncological safety while potentially reducing adverse effects in men with limited retroperitoneal disease.

A Case of a Successfully Treated Patient With a Delayed Diagnosis of Boerhaave's Syndrome and Severe Complications.

Boerhaave's syndrome is a rare critical condition manifesting as transmural esophageal rupture. It is usually associated with forceful emesis and increased intraesophageal pressure. Immediate aggressive surgical intervention is imperative in such cases.

BRCA2 germline mutation carrier with five malignancies: a case report.

Background: BRCA2 germline mutations are known to predispose carriers to various cancer types, including breast, ovarian, pancreatic and prostate cancer. An association with melanoma has also been reported. However, the full tumour spectrum associated with BRCA2 mutations, particularly in patients with other concurrent pathogenetic mutations, is unexplored.

Hybrid closed-loop insulin therapy and risk of severe hypoglycaemia and diabetic ketoacidosis in young people (aged 2-20 years) with type 1 diabetes: a population-based study.

Background: The effect of closed-loop insulin delivery on the risk of acute diabetes complications in people with type 1 diabetes is unclear. We investigated whether the rates of severe hypoglycaemia and diabetic ketoacidosis are lower with hybrid closed-loop insulin therapy compared with sensor-augmented (open-loop) pump therapy in a large cohort of young people.

Methods: In this population-based cohort study, we evaluated young people with type 1 diabetes from 250 diabetes centres in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, and Luxembourg participating in the Diabetes Prospective Follow-up (DPV) initiative.

Three rare cases of two-level skier's thumb injuries-review of the literature, anatomical variants and surgical treatment.

We report three rare cases of two-level skier's thumb injuries and explain the diagnostic challenges, surgical treatments, and anatomical explanations to emphasize the importance of a systematic diagnostic approach in every skier's thumb injury, including clinical examination, radiography, and ultrasonography. A surgical method to treat these rare cases is presented.

Vaccination for solid organ transplanted patients: Recommendations, efficacy, and safety.

Solid organ transplant recipients face unique challenges in managing their immunosuppressed status, making vaccination a critical consideration. This review aimed to comprehensively analyze current recommendations, evaluate the efficacy of vaccinations in this population, and assess safety concerns. We explored the latest evidence on vaccine types, timing, and potential benefits for transplant patients, highlighting the importance of individualized approaches for routinely used vaccines as well as coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines.

Vaccination in adult patients with chronic lung diseases.

In Switzerland, additional vaccinations against influenza, COVID-19, Streptococcus pneumoniae and varicella zoster virus (VZV), are recommended for patients with chronic lung diseases such as COPD, asthma or interstitial lung disease, since infectious diseases often lead to exacerbation of lung diseases resulting in increased disease burden and mortality. In this review we give an overview on recommended vaccinations for patients with chronic lung diseases, also including vaccinations against pertussis and RSV, which are recommended in international guidelines. While continuous development of vaccines against S.

Suspected and surgically managed cauda equina syndrome nationwide: epidemiological trends and socioeconomic factors influencing access to care.

Background: Cauda equina syndrome (CES) is a critical condition requiring timely intervention to prevent severe morbidity. This study investigates the epidemiology and socioeconomic factors influencing access to CES care in USA Emergency Departments.

Methods: Data was used from the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS) from 2016-2020.

A Morphological and Behavioral Study of Demyelination and Remyelination in the Cuprizone Model: Insights into APLNR and NG2+ Cell Dynamics.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder involving demyelination. The cuprizone model is commonly used to study MS by inducing oligodendrocyte stress and demyelination. The subventricular zone (SVZ) plays a key role in neurogenesis, while the neuronal/glial antigen 2 (NG2) is a marker for immature glial cells, involved in oligodendrocyte differentiation.

Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome: A Potential Regulator of B Cells in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Autoimmune diseases represent a severe personal and healthcare problem that seeks novel therapeutic solutions. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells with interesting cell biology and promising therapeutic potential. The immunoregulatory effects of secretory factors produced by umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) were assessed on B lymphocytes from 17 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), as defined by the 2019 European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR)/American College of Rheumatology (ACR) classification criteria for SLE, and 10 healthy volunteers (HVs).

Fluorescent Probe for the pH-Independent Rapid and Sensitive Direct Detection of Urease-Producing Bacteria.

Urease-producing bacteria are highly relevant in medicine due to their role in various pathogenic processes and their impact on human health, causing serious medical conditions such as peptic ulcer disease, gastric cancer, and respiratory and urinary tract infections. In this work, we designed fluorescent polymeric particles (PNP_FITC) to enable the detection of urease-producing bacteria by targeting the enzymatic activity of urease. In particular, the PNP_FITC matrix is degraded by urease, leading to a measurable increase in the intensity of the fluorescent signal.

A Rare Case of Cementoblastoma of the Second Right Maxillary Premolar in a 30-Year-Old Man.

Cementoblastoma is a benign odontogenic mesenchymal tumor characterized by cementum production. Cementoblastoma is considered a relatively rare neoplasm with a predilection to the posterior region of the mandible. The main clinical differential diagnoses include hypercementosis, cemento-osseous dysplasia, condensing osteitis, idiopathic osteosclerosis, osteoblastoma, odontoma, and osteosarcoma.

Children with MOG-IgG positive bilateral optic neuritis misdiagnosed as fulminant idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

Background: Fulminant idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is characterized by headache, rapid decrease of vision and elevated CSF-opening pressure.

Objective: To delineate a subgroup of MOGAD mimicking fulminant IIH.

Methods: In this case series children with MOGAD with vision loss, optic disc swelling and elevated CSF opening pressure, initially diagnosed with fulminant IIH, were included.

'You grow with the allergy': a grounded theory study of families' experiences with food allergy risk or diagnosis in early childhood.

Objective: Childhood food allergy is increasing in western societies. Preventing and managing food allergies is therefore essential for both parents and children. Given the limited previous research on parents' experiences of food allergy prevention in early childhood, this study aimed to develop a grounded theory to understand the experiences and interactions of families whose children are at risk of, or have been diagnosed with, food allergy.

Management of severe pyogenic spinal infections: the 2SICK study by the EANS spine section.

Background Context: Spondylodiscitis management presents significant clinical challenges, particularly in critically ill patients, where the risks and benefits of surgical intervention must be carefully balanced. The optimal timing of surgery in this context remains a subject of debate.

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of early surgery versus delayed surgery or conservative management in critically ill patients with de novo pyogenic spondylodiscitis.

2024 European Heart Rhythm Association/Heart Rhythm Society/Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society/Latin American Heart Rhythm Society expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation.

In the last three decades, ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) has become an evidence-based safe and efficacious treatment for managing the most common cardiac arrhythmia. In 2007, the first joint expert consensus document was issued, guiding healthcare professionals involved in catheter or surgical AF ablation. Mounting research evidence and technological advances have resulted in a rapidly changing landscape in the field of catheter and surgical AF ablation, thus stressing the need for regularly updated versions of this partnership which were issued in 2012 and 2017.

Effects of a scoring aid on glasgow coma score assessment and physicians' comprehension: a simulator-based randomized clinical trial.

Purpose: Examining the impact of scoring aids on the accuracy of assessing the Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) in a standardized trauma scenario (primary outcome). Evaluating physicians' understanding of the GCS assessment and clinical application (secondary outcome).

Materials And Methods: This randomized trial was performed at the simulator center of a Swiss tertiary academic medical hospital.

Anti-septin complex positive autoimmune encephalitis after severe falciparum malaria: a case report.

Background: Post malaria neurologic syndrome (PMNS) is a rare complication of malaria, usually caused by Plasmodium falciparum. The clinical picture is highly variable and ranges from qualitative disturbances of consciousness and psychosis to damage to the peripheral nerves, usually occurring three to eight weeks after treated malaria.

Case Presentation: We report the case of a 54-year-old male who presented with recurrent clinical symptoms three and a half weeks after severe falciparum malaria.

Longitudinal predictors for internalizing and externalizing symptomatology at age 4: KUNO-Kids cohort study.

Introduction: Numerous early-life risk factors are thought to significantly contribute to the development of psychological problems in toddlerhood. However, these factors have seldom been investigated concomitantly and longitudinally, and few studies include both mothers and fathers. This study examines the longitudinal impact of early environmental, parental, and child-specific risk factors on children's internalizing and externalizing symptomatology at age 4.