Unveiling contrasts in microbiota response: A1c control improves dysbiosis in low-A1c T2DM, but fails in high-A1c cases-a key to metabolic memory?

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with dysbiosis in the gut microbiota (MB). Individually, each medication appears to partially correct this. However, there are no studies on the response of the MB to changes in A1c.

Pain as a disease in the new International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11): Latin American expert consensus.

Pain diagnoses in the 10th version of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) did not adequately support the current management of pain. Therefore, we aimed to review the new 11th revision (ICD-11) in order to analyze its usefulness for the management, coding, research and education of chronic pain from a Latin American perspective. The Latin American Federation of Associations for the Study of Pain convened a meeting of pain experts in Lima, Peru.

The role of sphenoid bone in basilar invagination pathophysiology.

Basilar invagination (BI) is characterized by rostral dislocation of the cervical spine toward the skull base. The craniometrics of the skull base have shown significant differences among craniocervical junction malformations. The sphenoid bone is the center of the skull base; however, no study has evaluated this bone in cases of BI.

Biocellulose patch technique for fetoscopic repair of open spina bifida in twin pregnancy.

Objectives: Twin pregnancy is currently an exclusion criterion for prenatal repair of open spina bifida (OSB). The main objective of this study was to report on our experience of treating twin pregnancies with OSB using the skin-over-biocellulose for antenatal fetoscopic repair (SAFER) technique. We also discuss reconsideration of the current exclusion criteria for fetal OSB repair.

Chamberlain's Line Violation in Basilar Invagination Patients Compared with Normal Subjects: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: To compare the measured odontoid tip violation above Chamberlain's line described in the literature to diagnose basilar invagination (BI) and to establish the normal placement of the dens tip defining individuals without BI (normal subjects).

Methods: A systematic literature review was performed to identify clinical or radiological studies that expressed the amount of odontoid violation above Chamberlain's line in patients with a BI diagnosis. In addition, a meta-analysis was performed to evaluate normal subjects' values of Chamberlain's line violation (CLV).

Epidemiological profile of dengue in Brazil between the years 2014 and 2019.

Objective: The aim was to determine the epidemiological profile of dengue fever in Brazil between the years 2014 and 2019.

Methods: This is an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, and retrospective study, which was carried out through the analysis of secondary data collected from the National System of Notification Appeals (SINAN) and from SUS Computer Department (DATASUS).

Results: The total number of reported cases was 5,867,255, and 2015 was the year with the highest cases (1,696,340).

Referral to immediate postoperative care in an intensive care unit from the perspective of anesthesiologists, surgeons, and intensive care physicians: a cross-sectional questionnaire.

Introduction And Objective: Due to the high cost and insufficient offer, the request for Intensive Care (ICU) beds for postoperative recovery needs adequate criteria. Therefore, we studied the characteristics of patients referred to postoperative care at an ICU from the perspective of anesthesiologists, surgeons, and intensive care physicians.

Methods: A questionnaire on referrals to postoperative intensive care was applied to physicians at congresses in Brazil.

General Versus Neuraxial Anesthesia for Appendectomy: A Multicenter International Study.

Background: In resource-limited countries, open appendectomy is still performed under general anesthesia (GA) or neuraxial anesthesia (NA). We sought to compare the postoperative outcomes of appendectomy under NA versus GA.

Methods: We conducted a post hoc analysis of the International Patterns of Opioid Prescribing (iPOP) multicenter study.

Opioids After Surgery in the United States Versus the Rest of the World: The International Patterns of Opioid Prescribing (iPOP) Multicenter Study.

Objective: The International Patterns of Opioid Prescribing study compares postoperative opioid prescribing patterns in the United States (US) versus the rest of the world.

Summary Of Background Data: The US is in the middle of an unprecedented opioid epidemic. Diversion of unused opioids contributes to the opioid epidemic.

Measles epidemiological profile in Brasil from 2013 to 2018.

BACKGROUND To determine the epidemiological profile of measles in Brasil from 2013 to 2018, and to evaluate the possible association between increased number of cases and vaccination coverage. METHODS This is an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study with quantitative approach, carried out through analysis of secondary data collected through the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN), in the National Immunization Program (PNI). RESULTS The total number of reported cases was 10,886, with the year 2018 having the highest number (10,185).

Comparative Analysis of the Collapsibility Index and Distensibility Index of the Inferior Vena Cava Through Echocardiography with Pulse Pressure Variation That Predicts Fluid Responsiveness in Surgical Patients: An Observational Controlled Trial.

Objective: The objective for the present study was to compare the collapsibility (IcIVC) and distensibility (IdIVC) indices of the inferior vena cava with pulse pressure variation (PPV) and determine the accuracy and cutoff points of IcIVC and IdIVC that best predict response to intravenous fluid therapy in surgical patients.

Design: Observational, prospective, nonblinded, single center.

Setting: Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual de São Paulo, in São Paulo, Brazil.

Comparison of dexmedetomidine and benzodiazepine for intraoperative sedation in elderly patients: a randomized clinical trial.

Background And Objectives: Elderly individuals have a greater sensitivity to sedation, and the most commonly used drugs for sedation are benzodiazepines, which exhibit some complication. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the use of dexmedetomidine and midazolam regarding proper sedation and postoperative complications in elderly individuals who require intraoperative sedation.

Methods: This study was a parallel-randomized clinical trial, which included 120 patients aged >70 years undergoing regional anesthesia and sedation.

Prevalence and severity of syndrome Z in women with metabolic syndrome on waiting list for bariatric surgery: a cross-sectional study.

Background: In recent years, obesity has become one of the most important public health problems in the world, with a growing prevalence in both developed and developing countries. Recent studies show that sleep disturbances, especially obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) may be a manifestation of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Although the association of OSA with the MetS is largely attributed to obesity, the exact pathophysiological mechanisms and their individual characteristics still need to be identified.

Quantitative Myasthenia Gravis Score: a Brazilian multicenter study for translation, cultural adaptation and validation.

Objective: To perform the translation, cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Quantitative Myasthenia Gravis Score (QMGS) to Brazilian Portuguese in accordance with international ethical standards.

Methods: The following steps were taken: (1) implementation of the translation protocol and transcultural adaptation, (2) validation of the adapted content, and (3) assessment of reliability. To check intra- and inter-observer reproducibility, each patient underwent two interviews with interviewer-A and one with B.

SAPS 3 score as a predictive factor for postoperative referral to intensive care unit.

Background: Patients undergoing intermediate-risk surgery are typically taken to the ward postoperatively. However, some may develop complications requiring intensive care later. We aimed to evaluate the characteristics of patients undergoing intermediate-risk surgery who required late postoperative admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) and determine the predictors for this.

2015 update of the evidence base: World Allergy Organization anaphylaxis guidelines.

The World Allergy Organization (WAO) Guidelines for the assessment and management of anaphylaxis provide a unique global perspective on this increasingly common, potentially life-threatening disease. Recommendations made in the original WAO Anaphylaxis Guidelines remain clinically valid and relevant, and are a widely accessed and frequently cited resource. In this 2015 update of the evidence supporting recommendations in the Guidelines, new information based on anaphylaxis publications from January 2014 through mid- 2015 is summarized.

Human fetal malformations associated with the use of an angiotensin II receptor antagonist: case report.

Introduction: The potential risks related to drug exposure during pregnancy represent a vast chapter in modern obstetrics and data regarding the safety of antihypertensive drugs during pregnancy are relatively scarce.

Case Report: A 37-year-old patient discovered her fifth pregnancy at our hospital after 26 weeks and 4 days of gestation. She reported a history of hypertension and was currently being treated with Losartan.

Peroneal tenodesis with the use of tendoscopy: surgical technique and report of 1 case.

Peroneus brevis tendon injury is the most common lesion of the peroneal tendons. The initial treatment is conservative, and surgical treatment is indicated if conservative treatment fails. It is often necessary to open the entire upper and lower retinaculum to obtain adequate visualization of the structures.

Functional and radiographic evaluation and quality of life analysis after cementless total hip arthroplasty with ceramic bearings: minimum of 5 years follow-up.

Objective: The aim of the study is to analyze and correlate functional and radiographic results and quality of life in patients undergoing cementless total hip arthroplasty with ceramic surface, performed at Hospital Servidor Publico de Sao Paulo from 2001 to 2006.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 35 hips treated with cementless total hip arthroplasty with ceramic surfaces with a minimum follow-up of 5 years. Functional evaluation was based on the Harris Hip Score (HHS).

Comparison of the quality of life among persons with lung cancer, before and after the chemotherapy treatment.

Objective: this prospective study aimed to assess the quality of life related to health (QLRH) of patients with lung cancer after chemotherapy treatment.

Method: The QLRH was assessed using the questionnaires Quality-of-Life Questionnaire-Core 30 (QLQ-C30) and Lung Cancer Module (LC13), version 3.0.

Vein bypasses to branches of pedal arteries.

Objective: We report a retrospective analysis of our experience in bypass vein graft surgery to lateral tarsal, medial plantar, and lateral plantar arteries for treatment of critical limb ischemia (CLI).

Methods: Between January 1991 and February 2010, we performed 137 inframalleolar bypass graft surgeries; of these, 25 (18%) were conducted using foot branch arteries for distal implant. All patients were treated for CLI and most had extensive infrapopliteal atherosclerotic disease (TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus D).

Assessment of glutathione S-transferaseM1 (GSTM1) and its polymorphisms GSTM1 null in the response to treatment with chemotherapy in advanced ovarian carcinoma.

Objective: To assess if the genotype of the glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) enzyme and its GSTM1 null polymorphism can influence the response to chemotherapeutic treatment of advanced ovarian cancer.

Methods: Case-control study of 112 patients with advanced ovarian cancer submitted to chemotherapy during the period from January 1995 to December 2005. The tissue to study the GSTM1 genotype and its deletion came from surgical staging to treat ovarian cancer.

Ultrasonography compared to magnetic resonance imaging in thyroid-associated Graves' ophthalmopathy.

Objective: To compare ultrasonography (US) to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the clinical activity score (CAS) in Graves' ophthalmopathy.

Subjects And Methods: Nineteen patients underwent extraocular muscle thickness measurements by US and MRI, reflectivity by US and signal-intensity ratio by MRI. There were also twelve US control subjects.