Peripheral Intravenous Catheter Insertion: Professionals' Performance and Implications for Patient Safety: A Cross-Sectional Study.

This study evaluated peripheral intravenous catheter insertion by licensed practical nurses in a simulated scenario. This cross-sectional and descriptive study was performed in a general hospital's simulation center located in Brazil, from January to October 2020. The authors developed a tool from the leading guidelines to measure peripheral intravenous catheter insertion performance in 60 licensed practical nurses.

Astrocytoma Mimicking Herpetic Meningoencephalitis: The Role of Non-Invasive Multimodal Monitoring in Neurointensivism.

Neuromonitoring is a critical tool for emergency rooms and intensive care units to promptly identify and treat brain injuries. The case report of a patient with status epilepticus necessitating orotracheal intubation and intravenous lorazepam administration is presented. A pattern of epileptiform activity was detected in the left temporal region, and intravenous Acyclovir was administered based on the diagnostic hypothesis of herpetic meningoencephalitis.

Cardiovascular Safety of Azithromycin in Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19: A Prespecified Pooled Analysis of the COALITION I and COALITION II Randomized Clinical Trials.

The cardiovascular safety from azithromycin in the treatment of several infectious diseases has been challenged. In this prespecified pooled analysis of 2 multicenter randomized clinical trials, we aimed to assess whether the use of azithromycin might lead to corrected QT (QTc) interval prolongation or clinically relevant ventricular arrhythmias. In the COALITION COVID Brazil I trial, 667 patients admitted with moderate COVID-19 were randomly allocated to hydroxychloroquine, hydroxychloroquine plus azithromycin, or standard of care.

Reassessing the role of milrinone in the treatment of heart failure and pulmonary hypertension in neonates and children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Unlabelled: To evaluate milrinone's impact on pediatric cardiac function, focusing on its specific role as an inotrope and lusitrope, while considering its systemic and pulmonary vasodilatory effects. Search of PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library up to August 2023. We included all studies that evaluated milrinone in children under 18 years old in neonatal, pediatric, or cardiac intensive care units.

ACUTE CHOLECYSTITIS IN HIGH-RISK PATIENTS. SURGICAL, RADIOLOGICAL, OR ENDOSCOPIC TREATMENT? BRAZILIAN COLLEGE OF DIGESTIVE SURGERY POSITION PAPER.

Acute cholecystitis (AC) is an acute inflammatory process of the gallbladder that may be associated with potentially severe complications, such as empyema, gangrene, perforation of the gallbladder, and sepsis. The gold standard treatment for AC is laparoscopic cholecystectomy. However, for a small group of AC patients, the risk of laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be very high, mainly in the elderly with associated severe diseases.

In-Hospital Management and Long-term Clinical Outcomes and Adherence in Patients With Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: Primary Results of the First Brazilian Registry of Heart Failure (BREATHE).

Background: Heart failure (HF), a common cause of hospitalization, is associated with poor short-term clinical outcomes. Little is known about the long-term prognoses of patients with HF in Latin America.

Methods: BREATHE was the first nationwide prospective observational study in Brazil that included patients hospitalized due to acute heart failure (HF).

A Study on the Epidemiological-Molecular Role of Strains in the Development of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in a Tertiary Hospital in Brazil.

This study aimed to explore the molecular epidemiology of isolated from patients on mechanical ventilation and the participation of virulence factors in the development of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). A prospective cohort study was conducted on patients under mechanical ventilation, with periodic visits for the collection of tracheal aspirates and clinical data. The isolates were analyzed regarding resistance profile, virulence, expression of protein A and alpha-toxin using Western blot, clonal profile using PFGE, sequence type using MLST, and characterization and quantification of phenol-soluble modulins.

Kawasaki Disease: A Never-ending Story?

The most severe complication of Kawasaki disease, an inflammatory disorder of young children, is the formation of coronary artery aneurysms. It is known that patients with coronary artery aneurysms, particularly those with medium and large lesions, have a higher risk of future major cardiovascular events. In contrast, there is a lack of data on the cardiovascular status in long-term follow-up for Kawasaki disease patients without coronary involvement or with self-limited coronary artery aneurysms, resulting in most patients being discharged after 5 years.

Effect of rapid cycle deliberate practice in peripheral intravenous catheters insertion training: A simulation experimental study.

Aim: to compare the effect of rapid cycle deliberate practice simulation training with skill-training simulation on peripheral intravenous catheter insertion for Licensed Practical Nurses.

Background: The use of peripheral intravenous catheters is associated with high rates of complications, although it is widely used in clinical practice. Training strategies to ensure good performance can minimize the risks inherent to this procedure.

Immune thrombocytopenia associated with lymph node tuberculosis: a case report.

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis associated with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is extremely rare. A likely association between ITP and pulmonary and lymph node tuberculosis was reported in a 29-year-old male patient. His platelet count decreased to 4,000/µL.

The First Brazilian Cardiovascular Registry of Atrial Fibrillation: Primary Results of the RECALL Study.

Background: It is estimated that atrial fibrillation (AF) affects approximately 1.5 million people in Brazil; however, epidemiological data are limited. We sought to evaluate the characteristics, treatment patterns, and clinical outcomes in patients with AF in Brazil by creating the first nationwide prospective registry.

Dentistry consensus on HSCT - Part III: Special topics - Dentistry on HSCT.

Patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) might present acute and late toxicities and the oral tissues are frequently affected. With the survival increasing, patients show late and long-term morbidities, and there is an important association between the general and the oral health. The first and second parts of this Consensus have showed the importance of the adequacy of oral health in the pre-HSCT, and the main alterations and oral care during the period of admission for HSCT.

Dental consensus on HSCT - Part II: dental Care during HSCT.

During the state of immune vulnerability in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), the patient has an increased risk of developing a vast number of complications, including severe problems in the oral cavity. These situations require professional oral care to act in the diagnosis and treatment of these conditions, as well as to develop prevention protocols to minimize patient's complications. Oral mucositis, opportunistic infections, bleeding, specific microbiota, taste, and salivary alterations are complications that can occur during HSCT and interfere with various aspects, such as pain control, oral intake, nutrition, bacteremia and sepsis, days of hospitalization and morbidity.

Incidental Diagnosis of Oligosymptomatic Bilateral Perirenal Erdheim-Chester Disease during Emergency Investigation for COVID-19 Infection.

Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD), a rare form of non-Langerhans histiocytosis, is a multisystem disorder. The case reported here refers to a 49-year-old man presenting at the emergency room with respiratory symptoms. While undergoing diagnostic tests for COVID-19 infection, tomography revealed asymptomatic bilateral perirenal tumors, while renal function remained unaltered.

Brazilian dental consensus on dental management in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation - Part I - pre-HSCT.

The oral involvement in the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation is well described in the literature. The goal of the dental treatment and management of the oral lesions related to the HSCT is to reduce the harm caused by preexisting oral infection or even the worsening of oral acute/chronic GVHD and late effects. The aim of this guideline was to discuss the dental management of patients subjected to HSCT, considering three phases of the HSCT: pre-HSCT, acute phase, and late phase.

and CA-MRSA Carriage among Brazilian Indians Living in Peri-Urban Areas and Remote Communities.

The emergence of Community-associated methicillin-resistant (CA-MRSA) infections among indigenous populations has been reported. Usually, indigenous communities live in extreme poverty and are at risk of acquiring infections. In Brazil, healthcare inequality is observed in this population.

Symptoms for early diagnosis of chronic kidney disease in children - a machine learning-based score.

Unlabelled: The objective of this study was to reveal the signs and symptoms for the classification of pediatric patients at risk of CKD using decision trees and extreme gradient boost models for predicting outcomes. A case-control study was carried out involving children with 376 chronic kidney disease (cases) and a control group of healthy children (n = 376). A family member responsible for the children answered a questionnaire with variables potentially associated with the disease.

Hypoglossal nerve trunk stimulation: electromyography findings during drug-induced sleep endoscopy: a case report.

Background: Literature has demonstrated hypoglossal nerve stimulation to be a safe and effective treatment for patients with obstructive sleep apnea nonadherent to positive airway pressure therapy. However, the recommended criteria for patient selection are still unable to identify all the unresponsive patients, highlighting the need for improved understanding about hypoglossal nerve stimulation for obstructive sleep apnea.

Case Presentation: A 48-year-old Caucasian male patient with obstructive sleep apnea had been successfully treated with electrical stimulation of the hypoglossal nerve trunk, documented by level 1 polysomnography data.

Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Steroid-Refractory Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease.

Background: Steroid-refractory acute graft-vs.-host disease (SR-aGVHD) is a complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with a dismal prognosis and for which there is no consensus-based second-line therapy. Ruxolitinib is not easily accessible in many countries.