[Complications of supracondylar humeral fractures in children].

Introduction: Supracondylar fractures represent the most frequent cause of pediatric elbow injuries, at 64%, in children under eight years old. These fractures can present complications such as: A) Complications prior to treatment: 1) neurological, 2) vascular and 3) compartment syndrome. B) Complications after treatment: 1) early, in the first days after treatment: loss of reduction, neurological, vascular, compartment syndrome, infection of Kirschner wires.

Genotype-Environment Interaction Analysis of NQO1, CYP2E1, and NAT2 Polymorphisms and the Risk of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Report From the Mexican Interinstitutional Group for the Identification of the Causes of Childhood Leukemia.

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the main type of cancer in children. In Mexico and other Hispanic populations, the incidence of this neoplasm is one of the highest reported worldwide. Functional polymorphisms of various enzymes involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics have been associated with an increased risk of developing ALL, and the risk is different by ethnicity.

Carbapenem-Resistant in Three Tertiary Care Hospitals in Mexico: Virulence Profiles, Innate Immune Response and Clonal Dissemination.

is one of the most important nosocomial pathogens distributed worldwide. Due to its multidrug-resistance and the propensity for the epidemic spread, the World Health Organization includes this bacterium as a priority health issue for development of new antibiotics. The aims of this study were to investigate the antimicrobial resistance profile, the clonal relatedness, the virulence profiles, the innate host immune response and the clonal dissemination of in Hospital Civil de Guadalajara (HCG), Hospital Regional General Ignacio Zaragoza (HRGIZ) and Pediatric ward of the Hospital General de México Eduardo Liceaga (HGM-P).

Recommendations of the Mexican College of Rheumatology for the Management of Spondyloarthritis.

Objectives: To update the recommendations for the management of patients with Spondyloarthritis (SpA) in the Mexican population, and identify which variables could influence patient management.

Material And Methods: A group of 15 experts in SpA translated, analyzed and modified the recommendations of the Mexican College of Rheumatology (CMR) and the International Society for the Assessment of Spondyloarthritis (ASAS)/European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) 2016 group through a systematic review of the literature by two external reviewers during the period from 2015 to 2018 using the grade of recommendation, Oxford levels of evidence, percentage of concordance (Delphi).

Results: Compared to previous recommendations, there were no significant changes from the year 2015.

Emergence of IncFIA Plasmid-Carrying Among and Isolates in a Tertiary Referral Hospital in Mexico.

The emergence of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase 1 on carbapenemase-producing bacteria has raised a major worldwide public health concern. This study reports the dissemination of in carbapenem-resistant isolates that caused nosocomial infections in a tertiary hospital in Mexico City. Seven and three nosocomial isolates from the same time period harbored the gene.

[Osteochondromas: introducing the subungual osteochondroma].

Introduction: Subungual osteochondromas are benign tumors of the sub- or periungual region, causing lifting, ulceration and deformity at that level.

Objective: To research the incidence of subungual osteochondromas in a specific pediatric population.

Material And Methods: Retrospective, transversal, descriptive and observational study based on the review of records with a histopathological result of osteochondroma from 2001 to 2014.

Maltodextrin/ascorbic acid stimulates wound closure by increasing collagen turnover and TGF-β1 expression in vitro and changing the stage of inflammation from chronic to acute in vivo.

It has been reported that carbohydrates confer physicochemical properties to the wound environment that improves tissue repair. We evaluated in vitro and in vivo wound healing during maltodextrin/ascorbic acid treatment. In a fibroblast monolayer scratch assay, we demonstrated that maltodextrin/ascorbic acid stimulated monolayer repair by increasing collagen turnover coordinately with TGF-β1 expression (rising TGF-β1 and MMP-1 expression, as well as gelatinase activity, while TIMP-1 was diminished), similar to in vivo trends.

[Anterior knee pain in knee arthroplasty with or without a patellar component].

Introduction: The appearance of patellofemoral pain after a knee arthroplasty, particularly in rheumatic diseases, resulted in the incorporation of the substitution of the patellar component in all designs. The replacement of the patella became a standard part of knee arthroplasty, but the controversy over whether to restore it or not continues among orthopedists that perform knee arthroplasties.

Objective: To analyze the incidence of anterior knee pain in patients who underwent primary knee arthroplasty with or without replacement of the patellar component.

[Value of magnetic resonance imaging for diagnosis of temporomandibular joint dysfunction].

Background: Temporomandibular joint affection is a frequent problem in the adult population, the most common form being a series of functional alterations known as temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Magnetic resonance imaging has emerged as the most appropriate test in the assessment of the joint, primarily as a non-invasive test that allows the acquisition of images in different planes.

Objective: The study aims to reaffirm the usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging study in the evaluation of the temporomandibular joints and to demonstrate differences in age and sex of more frequently associated alterations and side effects.

[Infected pseudoarthrosis of the tibia, a pediatric case. Case report and literature review].

Chronic posttraumatic osteomyelitis and infected pseudoarthrosis of the tibia are complex problems associated with considerable morbidity which may compromise the viability of the involved limb. The most frequent age of presentation is 2 to 6 years, with predominance in males at a 2:1 ratio. We present the case of a male 4 year-old patient with diagnosis of infected pseudoarthrosis.

[Proximal focal femoral deficiency complicated by a proximal femur fracture].

Proximal focal femoral deficiency (PFFD) is a rare skeletal condition characterized by development failure of the subtrochanteric region of the femoral axis, with several degrees of shortening of the proximal region. There are no case reports of patients with this condition associated with a subtrochanteric fracture. We therefore describe herein the case of a newborn patient with clinical and radiographic diagnosis of proximal focal femoral deficiency complicated by a proximal femur fracture, and managed conservatively with pelvipodalic immobilization, which led to bone healing.

[Elongation with callotaxis for congenital brachymetatarsia].

Objective: To present 10 cases of congenital brachymetatarsia treated with elongation by means of callotaxis with external minifixators.

Introduction: Brachymetatarsia of one or more of the matatarsals involving one or both extremities is a congenital condition, more frequent in the right foot, with the 4th metatarsal most commonly affected.

Material And Methods: From May 2007 to September 2008, 7 patients with congenital brachymetatarsia, ages 8 to 15 years, were operated on.

Bone loss treatment, pseudoarthrosis, arthrodesis and benign tumors using xenoimplant: clinical study.

Background: Bone loss as a result of arthrodesis, pseudarthrosis, benign tumors and bone defects was treated using a xenoimplant (Nukbone).

Methods: The effectiveness of the material was evaluated through a longitudinal and observational study at the Hospital Regional "General Ignacio Zaragoza" (HRGIZ) ISSSTE. The Mexican xenoimplant is a patent of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM).

[Operating and recovery time in children with humeral fracture].

Background: humeral fracture (HF) in children requires a specialized management to achieve an adequate reduction and fixation, as well as a prompt attention to prevent complications. Our objective was to show advantages and disadvantages of HF treatment in relation to operating time and post-surgical recovery.

Methods: Cross study, retrospective, comparative based on the reviewing of 108 patients' files with HF type II and III of Holmberg.

[Use of a xenoimplant for the treatment of bone defects, benign tumors, pseudoarthrosis and arthrodesis. Preliminary report].

Objective: To show that the ceramic produced at the Institute for Materials Research, National Autonomous University of Mexico, is an appropriate replacement of bone graft in patients with bone tumors, benign tumors, pseudoarthrosis and arthrodesis treated at "General Ignacio Zaragoza" Regional Hospital.

Material And Methods: An experimental, longitudinal study using bovine ceramic xenoimplants in patients covered by the Security and Social Services Institute for Civil Servants (ISSSTE), regardless of age and gender, all of whom consented to receiving the ceramic xenoimplant. Patients who did not consent or who discontinued treatment were excluded.

[Effectiveness of nasal vs oral estrogens in the climacteric syndrome].

Background: Hormone replacement therapy reestablishes the diminished hormonal level and reduces mild, moderate and severe effects of climacteric. Its treatment includes estrogens, progestagens and a mixture of both.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of intranasal and oral estrogens in the climacteric syndrome.

[Bouveret's syndrome. Case report].

Introduction: Bouveret's syndrome is characterized by piloro-duodenal obstruction following the implant of a giant gallstone with gallstone ileus origin. It constitutes the less common variety of gallstone ileus (1-3%), mainly affecting elderly patients with chronic degenerative illnesses, possibly with high mortality.

Objective: We report the case of a patient with a less common variety of gallstone ileus.

[Experience in management of trauma-related acute abdomen at the "General Ignacio Zaragoza" Regional Hospital in Mexico City].

Objective: To know the current state of surgical management of patients with abdominal trauma.

Material And Methods: We carried out a retrospective, observational, transversal study involving patients with abdominal trauma with clinical files wtih trauma who required surgery during the period of April 1, 1998 through March 30, 2003.

Results: There were 72 cases including nine male and 33 female patients.

[Results of 21 years of surgery in iatrogenic lesions of the bile ducts].

Objective: To report our results with surgical procedures for treatment of iatrogenic injuries of bile duct.

Setting: Tertiary-level health care hospital.

Design: Retrospective, observational, and descriptive study.

[Causes and mortality of intestinal obstruction in the elderly].

Objective: To determine the etiology, clinical symptom, evolution, and results of management of small bowel obstruction (SBO) in our geriatric patients.

Background: SBO is one of the first etiologies of surgical emergency procedures in the elderly with mortality at 20-40%. It is believed that etiology of these obstructions is due to the abdominal hernia adherence and oncologic problems.

[Urticaria and angioedema. Review].

This is a review of the most relevant concepts on urticaria and angioedema, from their incidence and classification, to their pathogenia, hereditary, idiopathic factors, X-rays needs to reach a diagnosis and general therapeutic measures. The reviewing authors make note that the most important tools for the diagnosis of patients with urticaria and angioedema is the clinical history, with particular insistence on the causing factors here noted.

[Allergic rhinitis. Review].

The authors have partially reviewed the literature related to allergic rhinitis. Reviewed are those aspects related with its classification, physiopathology, clinical history, clinical and differential diagnosis and corresponding treatment. Allergic rhinitis is a recurrent illness, with symptoms which depend on the exposure to the environment and the intrinsic response of the host.