A tension system for angular correction of bent intramedullary nails: in vitro analysis.

Purpose: Although several techniques have been described for bent intramedullary nail removal, there is no universally accepted strategy. We hypothesized that a device based on the action principle of a three-point bend fixture could facilitate extraction of bent intramedullary nails; this paper describes its design and experimental testing.

Methods: Five large synthetic left femurs and five steel intramedullary nails were used.

In vitro biomechanical analysis of a locking self-compression screw model applied to Pauwels III and comminuted femoral neck fractures.

Femoral neck fractures (FNFs) affect the young adult population and are intimately related to high-energy trauma. Despite innovations in osteosynthesis materials, the rate of complications remains at 10%-59% in Pauwels type III (PIII) fractures. The authors thus propose a fixation model with a novel self-compression screw, comparing it to a sliding hip screw plate associated with a derotation screw in the fixation of a PIII fracture with posterior inferior comminution.

In vitro mechanical analysis of X-shaped femoroplasty with polymethyl methacrylate boundary a fall on the greater trochanter.

To evaluate with mechanical testing (MT) using synthetic femurs, an X-shaped femoroplasty technique with polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), analyzing the results applied to the prophylaxis of proximal femur (PF) fractures caused by low-energy trauma. MT was performed simulating a fall on the greater trochanter, using fifteen Sawbones™ models. They were divided into three experimental groups (n = 5): control (DP) group, drilled without augmentation (DWA) group, and X-shaped augmentation (DX) group.

Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty: Evaluation of the Clinical and Functional Outcomes per Etiology.

 The present study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of reverse shoulder arthroplasty to treat several conditions.  Retrospective, longitudinal study analyzing the Constant and University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) scores and range of motion of patients undergoing reverse shoulder arthroplasty.  In total, 28 patients were analyzed, with a mean age of 75.

No clinical advantage of locking over nonlocking plate fixation of symphyseal disruptions.

Purpose: although locking plates have led to important changes in fracture management, becoming important tools in the orthopedic surgeon's arsenal, the benefits of locking plates for traumatic diastasis of the pubic symphysis have not been established. This study was conducted to assess the quality of life in its different domains among patients with traumatic diastasis of the pubic symphysis managed either with locking or nonlocking plate.

Methods: a prospective cohort study was undertaken at 3 level 1 trauma centres in Brazil.

Traumatic Open Anterior Hip Dislocation in an Adult Male: A Case Report.

This case report describes the surgical treatment and one-year follow-up of an adult male patient, who was treated for a severe anterior open hip dislocation fracture with no sign of femoral head necrosis and maintaining a Harris Hip Score (HHS) of 93.

The role of the medial plate for Pauwels type III femoral neck fracture: a comparative mechanical study using two fixations with cannulated screws.

Background: The biomechanical behavior of Pauwels type III fractures should be taken into consideration when performing internal fixation, since this repair should resist the shear force inherent in the vertical fracture line to the greatest extent possible. Recently, the use of a small fragment plate on the medial face of the femoral neck has been proposed by some authors, with satisfactory initial results. In the current study we analyze the mechanical role a medial plate used as a buttress plate for Pauwels type III femoral neck fractures, comparing the resistance of two fixation configurations using three cannulated screws.

Correction: Traumatic Open Anterior Hip Dislocation in an Adult Male: A Case Report.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.2862.

BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS OF FEMORAL NECK FRACTURE FIXATION IN SYNTHETIC BONE.

Objectives: To analyze the results of biomechanical assays of the fixation of Pauwels type II femoral neck fractures in synthetic bones, using two parallel cannulated screws or three cannulated screws in an inverted pyramid formation.

Methods: Ten Brazilian-made synthetic bones were divided into 2 groups. Groups A and B utilized three and two cannulated screws, respectively, after osteotomy in the middle third of the femur, perpendicular to the axis of the femoral neck, simulating a Pauwels type II femoral neck fracture.

Stability of L-shaped and inverted triangle fixation assemblies in treating Pauwels type II femoral neck fracture: a comparative mechanical study.

Purpose: The aim of our study is to compare the mechanical resistance of two screw configurations in fixating type II Pauwels femoral neck fractures.

Methods: Fifteen synthetic models of femur bones in young adults were divided into three equal groups: intact (G1), models with fixation of a 5.0-mm failure zone created in the posterior cortex of the femoral neck using an L-shaped screw arrangement (G2, n = 5), and models with an identical failure zone fixated using an inverted triangle assembly (G3, n = 5).

Static bending test after proximal femoral nail (PFN) removal - analysis.

Objective: To evaluate, through biomechanical testing, the resistance to and energy required for the occurrence of proximal femoral fracture in synthetic bone after removal of a proximal femoral nail model (PFN), comparing the results obtained with a reinforcement technique using polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA).

Methods: Fifteen synthetic bones were used: five units for the control group (CG), five for the test group without reinforcement (TGNR), and five for the test group with reinforcement (TGR). The biomechanical analysis was performed simulating a fall on the trochanter using a servo-hydraulic machine.

Reconstruction of the distal biceps tendon using triceps graft: a technical note.

Rupture of the distal biceps brachii tendon typically occur in a contraction against resistance with the elbow in 90° of flexion. Chronic ruptures are uncommon and are complicated by tendon and muscle retraction and poor quality. Some reconstruction techniques have been described in the literature, with variations on the surgical exposures, type of graft (allo or autograft), graft donor site, and type of attachment to the radial tuberosity.

Simultaneous bilateral femoral neck fracture in a patient with renal osteodystrophy.

We present a unique case of displaced simultaneous bilateral fractures, Garden 3 type, in a 49 year woman treated with non-cemented total hip arthroplasty. The patient showed a Harris hip score of 86 on the right hip and a 81 on the left side on the fourth postoperative year, besides a bilateral Trendelenburg gait, more pronounced on the right side. She needed a cane to walk, and felt pain in the left thigh.

APOPHYSEAL FRACTURE OR AVULSION OF THE GREATER TROCHANTER.

The apophyseal fracture or avulsion of the greater trochanter occurs in skeletally immature patients. It has at etiological factors indirect mechanisms (avulsion) and direct mechanisms (trauma on the trochanter), the latter being the most common. The clinical presentation is easily identified and a simple X- ray can confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment of an Acute Fracture of the Femoral Neck in a Young Female Adult with a Transfemoral Amputation: A Case Report.

Introduction: Fracture of the femoral neck in a young adult with an ipsilateral transfemoral amputation is uncommon, and there is no consensus regarding the best treatment.

Methods: We present a unique case of a displaced right femoral neck fracture treated with closed reduction and percutaneous screw fixation in a twenty-eight-year-old woman with a preexisting ipsilateral transfemoral amputation.

Results: We observed satisfactory healing of the fracture with a slight varus deformity and no radiographic signs of osteonecrosis at one year.

Atypical, unusual, and misleading imaging presentations of spondylolysis.

Although lumbar spondylolysis is a widely known and easily recognizable condition in its typical presentation, there are some less well-known forms that may occasionally be challenging and/or demand special attention on imaging. Examples include: acute and/or incomplete lesions; unilateral defects; lesions at unusual levels (cervical, upper lumbar, and multi-level spondylolyses); iatrogenic lesions; non-isthmic spondylolysis; and spondylolysis related to underlying diseases. In addition to their atypical, uncommon or confusing imaging presentations, these forms of spondylolysis are far rarer than the classic type and have been described, to a great extent, in the surgical literature, thus reducing the awareness of radiologists about them and raising the potential for misdiagnosis and inadequate treatment.

Mechanical analysis of femoral neck fracture fixation with dynamic condylar screw in synthetic bone.

Objective: To analyze statistically results in biomechanical testing of fixation of femoral neck Pauwels type III fractures, on synthetic bone, with dynamic condylar screw (DCS) and control group.

Methods: Ten synthetic bones of a national brand were used. Test Group: fixation was performed after osteotomy at 70(o) tilt using DCS plate with four holes.

Mechanical analysis of femoral neck fracture fixation in synthetic bone.

Objective: To analyze statistically results obtained between biomechanical assays on fixation of femoral neck fracture type Pauwels III, on synthetic bone, using 7.5 mm non parallel cannulated screws and control group.

Methods: Ten synthetic bones from a national brand were used.

MRI of subchondral fractures: a review.

Several authors have recently emphasized the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of subchondral fractures. There is increasing interest about this type of fractures, mostly because they have been implicated in the genesis of some well-known destructive articular conditions whose cause was previously undetermined, such as distal clavicular osteolysis, rapidly progressive osteoarthritis of the hip, spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee and adult-type Freiberg's infraction. Subchondral fractures may ultimately lead to bone collapse, secondary osteonecrosis and severe articular damage, and there may be rapid progression of joint destruction over a period of weeks to months.