[Indexing to Body Surface Area Diminishes GFR Estimation and Increases Chronic Kidney Disease Staging in Overweight and Obese Population].

Unlabelled: Glomerular filtration rate estimates are usually indexed to a standard body surface area (BSA) of 1.73 m2. This allows comparing values of individuals of different sizes but has the potential of affecting individuals with extremes BSA.

[Evaluation of kidney function in older adults].

The evaluation of renal function in older adults is usually carried out with a creatinine clearance or an estimation of glomerular filtration rate using formulas such as Cockcroft-Gault, MDRD or CKD-EPI. The results obtained with these formulas are often regarded as equivalent. However, in adults older than 70 years, the Cockcroft-Gault formula frequently underestimates the glomerular filtration rate with respect to reference methods and the MDRD formula overestimates it.

[Triple expressor lymphoma in a kidney transplant patient].

Patients transplanted from solid organs have an increased risk of cancer, especially lymphomas. Lymphomas correspond to 4 to 5% of malignant neoplasms in the general population and in solid organ transplant patients it reaches an incidence of 21%. The incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphomas is 10 times higher than in the non-transplanted population.

[Hypophysitis and retroperitoneal fibrosis associated with autoimmune polyglandular syndrome and IgG4-related disease. Report of one case].

We report a 23 year old woman presenting with a nephrotic syndrome due to minimal change disease, central diabetes insipidus, primary hypothyroidism, vitiligo and universal alopecia. Eleven years later, she presented secondary amenorrhea due to hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, with mild hyperprolactinemia and central adrenal insufficiency. A magnetic resonance imaging of the sella turcica showed a pituitary mass with suprasellar extension that was resected using a transsphenoidal approach.

[Hemoptysis as the initial manifestation of Behçet's disease. Report of two cases].

Arterial involvement in Behçet's disease (BD) is less common than venous lesions. The most commonly affected arteries are: the aorta, lower extremity arteries, mesenteric, femoral, coronary, renal, subclavian and pulmonary arteries. The rupture of pulmonary arteries is the main cause of death of patients with EB and the presence of aneurysms is a bad prognostic factor.

[Assessment of clinical complications and their associated factors in hip-fracture patients in an Acute Geriatric Orthopaedic Unit].

Introduction: The incidence of clinical complications in hip fracture (HF) patients is high and variable due to their heterogeneous nature. The aim of the study was to assess the clinical complications and their associated factors in HF patients admitted to the Orthopaedic Geriatric Unit of a 283 bed University Hospital. An average of 200 HF patients is attended yearly.

[Carney triad: Report of one case].

Carney described a disorder characterized by the presence of several uncommon tumors which were pulmonary chondromas, gastric sarcomas and extra-adrenal paragangliomas. We report a 14 year-old girl in whom multiple gastric tumors were discovered during a study of an iron deficiency anemia and was subjected to a partial gastrectomy. At 25 years of age, she developed several pulmonary chondromas and at 33 years, a mediastinal tumor with features of an extra-adrenal paraganglioma was found.

[Ultrastructural alterations in renal biopsy leading to the diagnosis of HIV infection].

HIV infection has different clinical presentations. We report a 21-year-old male with longstanding isolated microscopic hematuria attributed to thin glomerular basement membrane disease, who after 15 years of follow-up presented with significant proteinuria. A kidney biopsy was performed, revealing the presence of tubulo-reticular inclusions in the glomerular endothelial cells.

Achieved blood pressures in the secondary prevention of small subcortical strokes (SPS3) study: challenges and lessons learned.

Background: Lowering blood pressure (BP) after stroke remains a challenge, even in the context of clinical trials. The Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes (SPS3) BP protocol, BP management during the study, and achieved BPs are described here.

Methods: Patients with recent symptomatic lacunar stroke were randomized to 1 of 2 levels of systolic BP (SBP) targets: lower: <130mm Hg, or higher: 130-149mm Hg.

Nephrotic syndrome and acute tubular necrosis due to meloxicam use.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used by patients all over the world. Five to eighteen percent of the patients who receive NSAIDs can suffer from kidney-related side effects. Among them, the most relevant are sodium and water retention, hyponatremia, worsening of hypertension or preexisting cardiac failure, hyperkalemia, acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, papillary necrosis, nephrotic syndrome (NS), and acute interstitial nephritis.

[Type B lactic acidosis associated with marginal lymphoma of the spleen: report of one case].

Lactic acidosis in the absence of hypoxia or tissue hypoperfusion (type B) is very rare and is associated with the use of some drugs or malignancy. We report a 79-year-old woman, with a marginal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the spleen that was subjected to a splenectomy one year ago. She presented with unexplained tachypnea associated with pancytopenia and elevation of IgM to 10 times over the higher normal limit.

[Causes of death with a functioning graft among kidney allograft recipients].

Background: Death with a functioning graft (DWGF) is now one of the main causes of renal transplant (RTx) loss.

Aim: To determine whether the causes of DWGF, characteristics of donors and recipients and complications of RTx have changed in the last two decades.

Subjects And Methods: Cooperative study of a cohort of 418 kidney grafts performed between 1968 and 2010.

Kidney transplantation during a twin pregnancy. Case report and review of the literature.

Kidney transplant in a pregnant woman is exceptional, with only six cases being reported. Pregnancy was not known at the time of the transplant in five of these cases. We report the case of a 26-year-old woman who was diagnosed as carrying a twin pregnancy 4 months after starting hemodialysis.

[Pregnancy and inflammatory bowel disease: experience in 17 patients].

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has a peak incidence between 15 and 25 years of age, thereby affecting women of reproductive age. Fertility rates with inactive IBD are similar to the general population, and drugs currently used, with the exception of methotrexate and thalidomide, have a good safety and efficacy profile during pregnancy. Starting a pregnancy with inactive IBD significantly reduces the potential maternal and fetal complications.

[Erdhei-Chester disease: report of one case].

We report a 76-year-old male who was admitted due to progressive congestive heart failure lasting several months. An echocardiogram showed a large pericardial effusion with early signs of pericardial tamponade and an irregular surface suggestive of cancer infiltration. The patient was operated, creating a pericardial window and draining 1,200 ml of a brownish yellow fluid with abundant cellularity.

[Hyponatremia on admission to the emergency room as a risk factor for hospital mortality].

Background: Patients who develop hyponatremia during their hospitalization have higher hospital mortality.

Aim: To determine if the presence of hyponatremia on admission to the emergency room is a risk factor for hospital mortality.

Patients And Methods: Two hundred forty five patients consecutively admitted to the emergency room and then transferred to the Medicine Department, where they finally died, were matched for age and gender with 245 control subjects admitted to the emergency room and hospitalized in the Medicine Department at the same time, but survived.

[Retroperitoneal fibrosis associated with chronic use of ergotamine: report of one case].

Retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF) associated with chronic use of ergotamine is a very rare disorder. We report a 45-year-old woman who presented with a RPf after using, almost daily for 23 years, ergotamine tartrate for migraine relief. FRP presented as a chronic inflammatory state, anemia, abdominal and lumbosacral pain and a hypogastric mass.

Complete remission of non-HIV collapsing glomerulopathy with deflazacort and lisinopril in an adult patient.

Collapsing glomerulopathy is a form of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis that is usually associated with HIV-1 infection, and is characterized by its poor prognosis and almost inevitable progression to end-stage renal disease. Its pathological features include collapsed glomeruli, podocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia, and pseudocrescents. This case report shows the evolution of a 58-year-old patient with non-HIV idiopathic collapsing glomerulopathy who presented with severe nephrotic syndrome and renal insufficiency and was treated with lisinopril and deflazacort, a synthetic corticosteroid that has shown fewer cosmetic effects and glucose and bone metabolism complications than prednisone.

[Hyponatremia associated to pituitary adenomas. Report of three patients].

Severe hyponatremia occurring as the presenting feature of hypopituitarism secondary to pituitary adenomas is rare. We report three patients with this condition: Two elderly males (74 and 78 year-old) presenting with impaired consciousness and low plasma sodium after an episode of diarrhea and a 56-year-old male presenting with impaired consciousness after an episode of vomiting. All had clinical features of hypopituitarism and pituitary adenomas were found on imaging studies.