Pilomatrixomas in children: Report of 149 cases. A retrospective study at two children's hospitals.

A pilomatrixoma is a benign skin tumor common in children, which develops from the matrix cells of hair follicles. It presents as a nodule or tumor of approximately 0.5-3 cm in size, with calcium-like consistency, faceted edges, and blue erythematous overlying skin.

[Autistic regression: clinical and aetiological aspects].

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorders are neurodevelopmental dysfunctions that are characterised by deficits in social integration and communication, associated with restricted interests and stereotypic behaviour. A high percentage are related to language disorders, sensory dysfunctions, attention deficit disorder, bipolarity, intellectual disability or epilepsy, among other comorbidities. It is estimated that around 30% of children with autism, with typical early development, may present regression in the first years of life, which was already reported by Kanner in one of his original cases.

The MLL recombinome of acute leukemias in 2017.

Chromosomal rearrangements of the human MLL/KMT2A gene are associated with infant, pediatric, adult and therapy-induced acute leukemias. Here we present the data obtained from 2345 acute leukemia patients. Genomic breakpoints within the MLL gene and the involved translocation partner genes (TPGs) were determined and 11 novel TPGs were identified.

[Nicolau syndrome induced by intramuscular injection of a hexavalent vaccine in a 6-month-old girl].

Nicolau syndrome, also known as embolia cutis medicamentosa or livedo-like dermatitis, is a sudden tissue necrosis, a rare complication of intramuscular injection of some drugs. We report a case of a 6-month-old girl who received intramuscularly the third dose of hexavalent vaccine (DTaP- HVB-IPV/HIb), and immediately presented a livedoid lesion around the injection site, progressing to necrosis. We reinforce the importance of early diagnosis to perform a suitable treatment and clinical follow-up to avoid ischemic secondary complications.

Relevance of early detection of HIV type 1 SI/CXCR4-using viruses in vertically infected children.

The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence and persistence of syncytium-inducing (SI) strains in HIV-1-infected children along time of infection and to evaluate the influence of antiretroviral therapy and host factors on viral tropism. This is a retrospective analysis carried out in 267 HIV-1 vertically infected children from an Argentinean cohort. The viral phenotype was screened in MT-2 cells and coreceptor usage confirmed by the GHOST cell assay.

[Therapeutic monitoring of vancomycin in critical care pediatric patients].

Introduction: Vancomycin is used in pediatric patients usually at 40 mg/kg/day four times daily. Recent data demonstrated the need of large doses to reach therapeutic concentrations in critical patients.

Objective: Describe dosage regime of vancomycin in patients from a pediatric intensive care unit, register values of plasmatic concentrations and determine the regimes necessary to reach therapeutic troughs.

Antibodies to hepatitis C and other viral markersin multi-transfused patients from Argentina.

Background: The knowledge of transfusion-transmitted viral infections in Argentina is scarce. A regional study organized by the Pan American Health Organization let us asses the current status.

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of HCV, HBV and HIV infection in a population of multi-transfused Argentinean patients.

Percutaneous treatment of osteoid osteoma by CT-guided drilling resection in pediatric patients.

Background: Osteoid osteoma is a painful, benign, small osteogenic bone tumor. For a long time, surgery was the only treatment for these lesions. Different minimally invasive therapeutic techniques have been proposed.

Endovascular treatment of congenital portal vein fistulas with the Amplatzer occlusion device.

Two patients with symptomatic congenital portal vein (PV) fistulas (one case of PV-right hepatic vein fistula and one case of PV-inferior vena cava fistula) causing hepatopulmonary syndrome (hepatic dysfunction, lung vascular alteration in the form of arteriovenous shunts, and hypoxemia) were successfully treated with the Amplatzer patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) occlusion device. This device was chosen in light of the anatomic characteristics of the vascular malformations and the specific properties of the prosthesis, especially those related to relocation and retrievability when not properly positioned. Embolization with an Amplatzer PDA occlusion device should be considered as a useful therapeutic alternative in the treatment of congenital portal fistulas that can obviate complex surgeries.

Paediatric oncology in Argentina: medical and ethical issues.

The process of globalisation is affecting health and health care in Argentina, as it is in many other countries. The full extent of this effect is still unclear, but winners and losers in the world economy are emerging--not only different countries, but also sectors or populations within those countries. There are serious inequalities in health-care provision in Argentina, so that not all children with cancer receive the best possible therapy.