Carbapenem-Resistant Bacteremia in Pediatric Patients in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Data on the health impact of carbapenem-resistant bloodstream infections (CRE-BSIs) in pediatric populations from Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) are limited. This systematic review aims to examine the demographic, clinical, and microbiological aspects and resource utilization of this infection in children from this region. This systematic review investigates the impact of CRE-BSIs in pediatric populations across LAC.

Impact of social determinants of health on the outcomes of Latin American children with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C).

Importance: There is growing understanding that Social Determinants of Health (SDH) impact on the outcomes of different pediatric conditions. We aimed to determine whether SDH affect the severity of MIS-C.

Design: Retrospective cohort study, 2021-2023.

Update in Asthma Management in Low-Middle Income Countries.

Asthma represents a significant global health burden, particularly in low and middle income countries (LMICs), where its impact is disproportionately severe. In these regions, asthma management is characterized by poorer control and greater mortality rates compared to wealthier nations. The prevalence of asthma is on the rise and demographic trends indicate that there would be a greater burden on children given that they represent a larger proportion of the population pyramid in LMICs.

Consequences of Indoor Pollution in Children in Latin America.

Introduction: Indoor air pollution represents a major health problem in developing countries. Common sources of contaminants include biomass fuels, dust mites, mold, and insecticides, which are frequently found in Latin American households due to cultural, geographical, and socioeconomic conditions. Additionally, tobacco consumption and e-cigarette use are both frequent in the region and represent another source of air pollution.

Current situation of neuropathology in Central America.

The present situation of neuropathology practice in the Central American region has not been addressed in the past. These are low middle-income countries, and therefore, many do not have a basic immunohistochemistry panel. Cytogenetics and molecular studies are not available in most of Central America.

The Power of Advocacy in Global Neurosurgery.

Advocacy, one of the five domains of global neurosurgery, represents a powerful avenue to influence public policy to expand access to safe, timely, and affordable neurosurgical care. In this manuscript, we characterize advocacy in global neurosurgery, describe specific neurosurgeon-led initiatives, and delineate how neurosurgeons can become involved in global neurosurgery advocacy efforts. Advocacy in global neurosurgery involves working together in organized neurosurgery with organizations focused on clinical provisions, training, and policy initiatives.

Regional molecular epidemiology of dengue and the potential optimization of its control through the use of vaccines. Report of the Arbovirus Committee of the Latin American Society of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, SLIPE.

Introduction: Dengue disease represents a large and growing global threat to public health, accounting for a significant burden to health systems of endemic countries. The World Health Organization's (WHO) Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) currently recommend the use of TAK-003 dengue vaccine in high dengue burden and transmission settings for countries considering vaccination as part of their integrated management strategy for prevention and control of Dengue.

Areas Covered: This paper describes the main conclusions of a workshop held by the Arbovirus Committee of the Latin American Society of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (SLIPE) in November 2023, to generate consensus recommendations on the introduction of this new vaccine in the region.

Economic burden of respiratory syncytial virus disease in Latin America: A systematic review.

This Systematic Review assesses the economic impact of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) in relation to healthcare resource utilization and associated costs. We searched online databases from January 2012 to November 2022 to identify eligible publications. We identified 12 publications that reported direct costs, indirect costs, and resources associated with RSV and its complications.

Pediatric hemispheric cerebellar low-grade gliomas: clinical approach, diagnosis, and management challenges-experience at a tertiary care children's hospital.

Purpose: This study aims to provide an exhaustive analysis of pediatric low-grade gliomas (pLGGs) in the cerebellar hemispheres, focusing on incidence, clinical characteristics, surgical outcomes, and prognosis. It seeks to enhance understanding and management of pLGGs in the pediatric population.

Methods: We conducted an observational, descriptive, retrospective, and cross-sectional study at a pediatric hospital, reviewing medical records of 30 patients with cerebellar hemispheric pLGGs treated from December 2014 to January 2023.

Management and outcomes of bronchiolitis in Italy and Latin America: a multi-center, prospective, observational study.

Unlabelled: We aimed to describe differences in the epidemiology, management, and outcomes existing between centers located in countries which differ by geographical location and economic status during to post-pandemic bronchiolitis seasons.  This was a prospective observational cohort study performed in two academic centers in Latin America (LA) and three in Italy. All consecutive children with a clinical diagnosis of bronchiolitis were included, following the same data collection form.

Follow-up for 3 years of a pediatric population diagnosed in 2018 with mother-to-child transmission of HIV in 8 Latin American countries in the PLANTAIDS cohort.

Introduction: The frequency of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Latin America has decreased considerably. However, new infections continue to be recorded, and the pediatric population remains one of the most vulnerable groups in this region. The main objective of the study was to describe the clinical, epidemiological and psychosocial characteristics of new diagnoses of HIV MTCT in 2018 in the PLANTAIDS network (Paediatric Network for Prevention, Early Detection and Treatment of HIV in Children) during the 3 years following diagnosis.

Age-specific predictors of disease severity in children with respiratory syncytial virus infection beyond infancy and through the first 5 years of age.

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is associated with significant morbidity in infants. Risk factors for severe disease beyond the first 2 years of life have not been fully defined.

Methods: Children <5 years hospitalized with virologically confirmed RSV infection were identified over six respiratory seasons (10/2012-4/2018) and their medical records manually reviewed.

A 6-year retrospective study of clinical features, microbiology, and genomics of Shiga toxin-producing in children who presented to a tertiary referral hospital in Costa Rica.

Shiga-toxin-producing (STEC) is associated with diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). STEC infections in Costa Rica are rarely reported in children. We gathered all the records of STEC infections in children documented at the National Children's Hospital, a tertiary referral hospital, from 2015 to 2020.

Analysis of guideline recommendations for treatment of asthma exacerbations in children: a Pediatric Emergency Research Networks (PERN) study.

Rationale: There is significant practice variation in acute paediatric asthma, particularly severe exacerbations. It is unknown whether this is due to differences in clinical guidelines.

Objectives: To describe and compare the content and quality of clinical guidelines for the management of acute exacerbations of asthma in children between geographic regions.