Acromioclavicular Luxation with Fracture of the Lateral End of the Clavicle: Case Report.

The present case report is an observational study with a literature review. This case is significant because the injury is rare regarding location and clinical manifestation. A middle-aged male patient sustained a fracture at the acromial end of the clavicle with lateral fragment dislocation after falling from a bicycle.

Flipped implantable collamer lens causing angle closure and creating a unique challenge for intraocular lens calculation.

Extreme myopic laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) poses challenges regarding future intraocular lens (IOL) power selection. A male patient in his 40s complained of progressive right eye (OD) diminished visual acuity. He had a history of myopic LASIK in both eyes (OU) 20 years before, and implantable collamer lens (ICL) implant in OU 8 years before.

One-class classification with confound control for cognitive screening in older adults using gait, fingertapping, cognitive, and dual tasks.

Background And Objectives: Early detection of cognitive impairment is crucial for timely clinical interventions aimed at delaying progression to dementia. However, existing screening tools are not ideal for wide population screening. This study explores the potential of combining machine learning, specifically, one-class classification, with simpler and quicker motor-cognitive tasks to improve the early detection of cognitive impairment.

A New Natural Language Processing-Inspired Methodology (Detection, Initial Characterization, and Semantic Characterization) to Investigate Temporal Shifts (Drifts) in Health Care Data: Quantitative Study.

Background: Proper analysis and interpretation of health care data can significantly improve patient outcomes by enhancing services and revealing the impacts of new technologies and treatments. Understanding the substantial impact of temporal shifts in these data is crucial. For example, COVID-19 vaccination initially lowered the mean age of at-risk patients and later changed the characteristics of those who died.

The United Nations' General Assembly High-Level Meeting on antimicrobial resistance: a joint statement from the Heads of Government and Chief Medical Officers of the United Kingdom's Overseas Territories.

The UK Overseas Territories (UKOTs) are small, often remote territories with historical and territorial links to the UK. They range from densely populated areas (Cayman, Bermuda, Gibraltar) to land with no permanent inhabitants (British Antarctic Territory, South Georgia). However, they are linked by ecosystem instability (the permacrisis) including antimicrobial resistance (AMR), climate change and biodiversity disruption.

Teaching and training of human resources for genetics and genomics in Brazil.

This manuscript reviewed the state of the art about the teaching and training of human resources for genetics and genomics in Brazil. We presented the national scenario of teaching genetics in medical undergraduate and other health courses. We discussed the training of medical geneticists through medical residency and addressed the training in genetics of physicians from specialties other than genetics.

Palliative care and COVID-19: acknowledging past mistakes to forge a better future.

Context: COVID-19 induces complex distress across physical, psychological, and social realms and palliative care (PC) has the potential to mitigate this suffering significantly.

Objectives: To describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with an indication of PC, compared to patients who had no indication, in different pandemic waves.

Methods: This retrospective multicenter observational cohort included patients from 40 hospitals, admitted from March 2020 to August 2022.

Real-World Study of Adjuvant Biosimilar Trastuzumab-dkst for HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Treatment in a Brazilian Population.

Introduction: Biological monoclonal antibodies play a pivotal role in cancer treatment, with biosimilars significantly enhancing their accessibility. In Brazil's ethnically diverse setting, real-world evidence is crucial for assessing the effectiveness and applicability of these therapies in routine clinical practice.

Methods: We performed a multicentric, observational, prospective real-world study on biosimilar trastuzumab-dkst for adjuvant treatment of early HER2-positive breast cancer in Brazilian patients.

Microelimination of Hepatitis C in Patients with Substance Use and Dual Disorders - a Portuguese Study.

Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is a serious condition of public health importance. In Portugal, the prevalence of detectable hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies is approximately 0.54%, with a higher prevalence in high-risk groups.

Outpatient and Ambulatory Extended Recovery Robotic Hepatectomy: Multinational Study of 307 Cases.

Background: For open minor hepatectomy, morbidity and recovery are dominated by the incision. The robotic approach may transform this "incision dominant procedure" into a safe outpatient procedure.

Study Design: We audited outpatient (less than 2 midnights) robotic hepatectomy at 6 hepatobiliary centers in 2 nations to test the hypothesis that the robotic approach can be a safe and effective short-stay procedure.

Etiologically Based Functional Taxonomy of the Preterm Birth Syndrome.

Preterm birth (PTB) is a complex syndrome traditionally defined by a single parameter, namely, gestational age at birth (ie, ˂37 weeks). This approach has limitations for clinical usefulness and may explain the lack of progress in identifying cause-specific effective interventions. The authors offer a framework for a functional taxonomy of PTB based on (1) conceptual principles established a priori; (2) known etiologic factors; (3) specific, prospectively identified obstetric and neonatal clinical phenotypes; and (4) postnatal follow-up of growth and development up to 2 years of age.

Performance of the first-trimester Fetal Medicine Foundation competing risks model for preeclampsia prediction: an external validation study in Brazil.

Background: The current version of the Fetal Medicine Foundation competing risks model for preeclampsia prediction has not been previously validated in Brazil.

Objective: This study aimed (1) to validate the Fetal Medicine Foundation combined algorithm for the prediction of preterm preeclampsia in the Brazilian population and (2) to describe the accuracy and calibration of the Fetal Medicine Foundation algorithm when considering the prophylactic use of aspirin by clinical criteria.

Study Design: This was a cohort study, including consecutive singleton pregnancies undergoing preeclampsia screening at 11 to 14 weeks of gestation, examining maternal characteristics, medical history, and biophysical markers between October 2010 and December 2018 in a university hospital in Brazil.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes in COVID-19 in kidney transplant recipients: a propensity score matched cohort study.

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially those on dialysis or who have received a kidney transplant (KT), are considered more vulnerable to severe COVID-19. This susceptibility is attributed to advanced age, a higher frequency of comorbidities, and the chronic immunosuppressed state, which may exacerbate their susceptibility to severe outcomes. Therefore, our study aimed to compare the clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 in KT patients with those on chronic dialysis and non-CKD patients in a propensity score-matched cohort study.

The effects of re-irradiation on the chemical and morphological properties of permanent teeth.

This study aimed to assess the in vitro effects of re-irradiation on enamel and dentin properties, simulating head and neck cancer radiotherapy retreatment. Forty-five human permanent molars were classified into five groups: non-irradiated; irradiated 60 Gy, and re-irradiated with doses of 30, 40, and 50 Gy. Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were employed for analysis.

Stroke rehabilitation pathways during the first year: A cost-effectiveness analysis from a cohort of 460 individuals.

Background: Stroke burden challenges global health, and social and economic policies. Although stroke recovery encompasses a wide range of care, including in-hospital, outpatient, and community-based rehabilitation, there are no published cost-effectiveness studies of integrated post-stroke pathways.

Objective: To determine the most cost-effective rehabilitation pathway during the first 12 months after a first-ever stroke.

Causes Mild Intellectual Disability Followed by Late-Onset Ataxia.

Background And Objectives: Neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders have long been considered as different clinical and molecular entities, and only a few genes are known to be involved in both processes. The (interferon regulatory factor 2 binding protein like) gene was implicated in a severe pediatric phenotype characterized by developmental and epileptic encephalopathy and early regression. In parallel, inherited variants have been reported in cohorts of patients with late-onset progressive dystonic and ataxic syndrome with few information about the neurodevelopment of these patients.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with preexisting dementia: a large multicenter propensity-matched Brazilian cohort study.

Background: Although dementia has emerged as an important risk factor for severe SARS-CoV-2 infection, results on COVID-19-related complications and mortality are not consistent. We examined the clinical presentations and outcomes of COVID-19 in a multicentre cohort of in-hospital patients, comparing those with and without dementia.

Methods: This retrospective observational study comprises COVID-19 laboratory-confirmed patients aged ≥ 60 years admitted to 38 hospitals from 19 cities in Brazil.

Histopathological Pattern of Head and Neck Recurrent BCC After Previous Cryotherapy.

Unlabelled: Surgical resection is the gold standard treatment for basal cell carcinomas, although there is literature supporting cryotherapy for low-risk cases. Our aim was to compare the histopathological aspects of recurrent postcryotherapy head and neck cutaneous BCC with de novo tumors, using a case-control study. 51 Recurrent postcryotherapy cases were selected between January 2017 and December 2021 and compared to 132 controls filtered from a consecutive series of de novo head and neck cutaneous BCC operated between January and December 2021.

Real-Life Data on Hydroxychloroquine or Chloroquine with or Without Azithromycin in COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Analysis in Brazil.

Background: Despite no evidence showing benefits of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine with or without azithromycin for COVID-19 treatment, these medications have been largely prescribed in Brazil.

Objectives: To assess outcomes, including in-hospital mortality, electrocardiographic abnormalities, hospital length-of-stay, admission to the intensive care unit, and need for dialysis and mechanical ventilation, in hospitalized COVID-19 patients who received chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine, and to compare outcomes between those patients and their matched controls.

Methods: A retrospective multicenter cohort study that included consecutive laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients from 37 Brazilian hospitals from March to September 2020.

Nursing Interventions for Patients With Neurogenic Bowel Dysfunction Arising From Complete Spinal Cord Injury: A Scoping Review.

Purpose: We mapped key concepts and identified 4 fundamental nursing interventions for patients with neurogenic bowel dysfunction due to complete spinal cord injury (SCI).

Methods: A scoping review was conducted according to the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute.

Search Strategy: Searches were performed in PubMed, LILACS, CINAHL, COCHRANE, and SCOPUS electronic databases.

COVID-19 outcomes in people living with HIV: Peering through the waves.

Objective: To evaluate clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients infected with HIV, and to compare with a paired sample without HIV infection.

Methods: This is a substudy of a Brazilian multicentric cohort that comprised two periods (2020 and 2021). Data was obtained through the retrospective review of medical records.