Developmental outcome of extremely preterm infants is improved after less invasive surfactant application: Developmental outcome after LISA.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate neurocognitive outcome at 24 months of corrected age after less invasive surfactant application (LISA) in preterm infants born at 23-26 weeks of gestational age.

Methods: Surviving participants of a LISA trial conducted in 13 German level III neonatal intensive care units were reviewed for assessment of developmental outcome, hearing and vision problems, growth and rehospitalisation days. Maternal depression, breastfeeding rates and socio-economic factors were evaluated as potentially confounding factors.

Structured Reporting of Solid and Cystic Pancreatic Lesions in CT and MRI: Consensus-Based Structured Report Templates of the German Society of Radiology (DRG).

Background:  Radiological reports of pancreatic lesions are currently widely formulated as free texts. However, for optimal characterization, staging and operation planning, a wide range of information is required but is sometimes not captured comprehensively. Structured reporting offers the potential for improvement in terms of completeness, reproducibility and clarity of interdisciplinary communication.

Vancomycin-induced ototoxicity in very-low-birthweight infants.

Background: Vancomycin is an extensively used anti-infective drug in neonatal ICUs. However, exposure-toxicity relationships have not been clearly defined.

Objectives: To evaluate the risk profile for hearing deficits in vancomycin-exposed very-low-birthweight infants (VLBWI).

Validation and refinement of the revised 2017 European LeukemiaNet genetic risk stratification of acute myeloid leukemia.

The revised 2017 European LeukemiaNet (ELN) recommendations for genetic risk stratification of acute myeloid leukemia have been widely adopted, but have not yet been validated in large cohorts of AML patients. We studied 1116 newly diagnosed AML patients (age range, 18-86 years) who had received induction chemotherapy. Among 771 patients not selected by genetics, the ELN-2017 classification re-assigned 26.

The sacral screw placement depending on morphological and anatomical peculiarities.

Purpose: Various pathologies of the lumbosacral junction require fusion of the L5/S1 segment. However, pseudarthroses, which often come along with sacral screw loosening, are problematic. The aim of the present investigation was to elaborate the morphological features of the L5/S1 segment to define a so-called "safe zone" for bi- or tricortical screw placement without risking a damage of the iliac vessels.

Circular RNAs in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: Their Microarray-Based Identification, Analytical Validation, and Potential Use in a Clinico-Genomic Model to Improve Prognostic Accuracy.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) may act as novel cancer biomarkers. However, a genome-wide evaluation of circRNAs in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) has yet to be conducted. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify and validate circRNAs in ccRCC tissue with a focus to evaluate their potential as prognostic biomarkers.

Infiltration by myeloperoxidase-positive neutrophils is an independent prognostic factor in breast cancer.

Purpose: Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is an enzyme secreted by neutrophil granulocytes as a result of phagocytosis during inflammation. In colorectal cancer, tumour infiltration by MPO expressing cells has been shown to be independently associated with a favourable prognosis. In this study, we explored the role of MPO-positive cell infiltration and its prognostic significance in invasive breast cancer.

Diabetes care in pediatric refugees from Africa or Middle East: experiences from Germany and Austria based on real-world data from the DPV registry.

Objective: With increasing migration to Europe, diabetes diagnosis and treatment of refugees became challenging. To describe the current experience with pediatric refugees in Germany and Austria.

Design And Methods: 43,137 patients (<21 years) with type 1 diabetes from the diabetes patient follow-up registry (DPV) were studied and divided by refugee status into patients born in Middle East (n = 365) or Africa (n = 175) and native patients (child and parents born in Germany/Austria; G/A: n = 42,597).

Genetics of acute myeloid leukemia in the elderly: mutation spectrum and clinical impact in intensively treated patients aged 75 years or older.

A cute myeloid leukemia is a disease of the elderly (median age at diagnosis, 65-70 years). The prognosis of older acute myeloid leukemia patients is generally poor. While genetic markers have become important tools for risk stratification and treatment selection in young and middle-aged patients, their applicability in very old patients is less clear.

Diagnostic and Prognostic Potential of MicroRNA Maturation Regulators Drosha, AGO1 and AGO2 in Urothelial Carcinomas of the Bladder.

Bladder cancer still requires improvements in diagnosis and prognosis, because many of the cases will recur and/or metastasize with bad outcomes. Despite ongoing research on bladder biomarkers, the clinicopathological impact and diagnostic function of miRNA maturation regulators Drosha and Argonaute proteins AGO1 and AGO2 in urothelial bladder carcinoma remain unclear. Therefore, we conducted immunohistochemical investigations of a tissue microarray composed of 112 urothelial bladder carcinomas from therapy-naïve patients who underwent radical cystectomy or transurethral resection and compared the staining signal with adjacent normal bladder tissue.

Shock efficacy of single and dual coil electrodes-new insights from the NORDIC ICD Trial.

Aims: Dual coil (DC) electrodes are preferred to single coil (SC) electrodes because of an assumed higher shock efficacy. However, DC-electrodes may be associated with an increased difficulty and risk of lead extraction. We aimed to compare SC- and DC-electrodes with respect to the first shock efficacy (FSE) after implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) implantation.

Nonintubated Surfactant Application vs Conventional Therapy in Extremely Preterm Infants: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in premature infants with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) preserves surfactant and keeps the lung open but is insufficient in severe surfactant deficiency. Traditional surfactant administration is related to short periods of positive pressure ventilation and implies the risk of lung injury. CPAP with surfactant but without any positive pressure ventilation may work synergistically.

Attenuation of a rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block in patients receiving prednisolone.

Background: This study tested the influence of continuous medication (more than 4 weeks) with prednisolone on a rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block.

Methods: The time course of a rocuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade (0.3 mg/kg) was investigated in 40 patients with chronic inflammatory bowel disease undergoing elective abdominal surgery.

Influence of a continuous prednisolone medication on the time course of neuromuscular block of atracurium in patients with chronic inflammatory bowel disease.

Background: Corticosteroids interact with neuromuscular blocking agents. However, experimental data are contradictory: enhancement and attenuation of the neuromuscular block has been observed. This study tested the influence of long-term medication with prednisolone on atracurium-induced neuromuscular block.

Patient compliance with alendronate, risedronate and raloxifene for the treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.

Objectives: The aim was to investigate patient compliance with different osteoporosis medications commonly prescribed in clinical practice, to determine risk factors associated with discontinuation and to evaluate quality of life changes.

Research Design And Methods: We conducted a 1-year observational study of patients of age > or = 60 years in a clinical setting at 917 sites in 10 European countries (Germany, Greece, UK, Sweden, Netherlands, Romania, Norway, Finland, Denmark, Estonia), Lebanon and South Africa. Demographic data, concomitant diseases, the reasons for intervention, educational, socio-economical status and disease knowledge were captured at baseline.

Effect of a 0.5% dilution of propofol on pain on injection during induction of anesthesia in children.

Background: Pain on injection of propofol in children has been reported to be as high as 30-80%. The reason for the pain is assumed to be the aqueous phase of the propofol emulsion. Therefore, for the first time, this study tested the hypothesis that dilution of propofol to a 0.