Epigenetic alteration in cervical cancer induced by human papillomavirus.

The critical role of a subset of Human Papillomavirus in cervical cancer has been widely acknowledged and studied. Despite progress in our understanding of the viral molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis, knowledge of how infection with HPV oncogenic variants progresses from latent infection to incurable cancer has not been completely elucidated. In this paper we reviewed the relationship between HPV infection and epigenetic mechanisms such as histone acetylation and deacetylation, DNA methylation and non-coding RNAs associated with this infection and the carcinogenic process.

Vaginal Dysbiosis in Infertility: A Comparative Analysis Between Women with Primary and Secondary Infertility.

Unlabelled: Infertility, both primary and secondary, is strongly influenced by microbiological factors, with the vaginal microbiota playing a key role in reproductive health.

Objective: The aim of this study was to characterize the vaginal microbiota of 136 Mexican women diagnosed with infertility-primary (n = 58) and secondary (n = 78)-by evaluating the presence of pathogenic bacterial species and their associations with infertility conditions.

Methods: Samples were obtained through cervical swabs, and microorganism identification was performed using qPCR techniques.

Massive Sequencing of V3-V4 Hypervariable Region in Pyogenic Liver Abscesses Reveals the Presence of Unusual Bacteria Not Detected by Classical Culture Methods.

Pyogenic liver abscesses (PLAs) are serious infections in which doctors often fail in identifying the causative agent due to microbiological limitations. These limitations in detecting uncommon pathogens complicate the treatment and recovery. Molecular techniques, like massive sequencing, enable the detection of uncommon pathogens and highlight the shortcomings of traditional cultures.

Modeling the Effect of Cannabinoid Exposure During Human Neurodevelopment Using Bidimensional and Tridimensional Cultures.

Our knowledge about the consumption of cannabinoids during pregnancy lacks consistent evidence to determine whether it compromises neurodevelopment. Addressing this task is challenging and complex since pregnant women display multiple confounding factors that make it difficult to identify the real effect of cannabinoids' consumption. Recent studies shed light on this issue by using pluripotent stem cells of human origin, which can recapitulate human neurodevelopment.

Hyperandrogenism in polycystic ovary syndrome and adrenal hyperplasia: finding differences to make a specific diagnosis.

Purpose: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and Adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) are two pathologic conditions sharing several clinical features (hirsutism, acne, polycystic ovary morphology, metabolic alterations, ovulatory dysfunctions) and especially hyperandrogenism as a common clinical hallmark. Therefore, making a differential diagnosis of the two conditions still remains a great medical challenge.

Methods: In particular, the comparison discussed in this review referred to non-classical form of adrenal hyperplasia (NCAH), which regards the adult population, and the Endocrine Metabolic Syndrome (EMS), following the new set of PCOS diagnostic criteria proposed by the Experts Group on Inositol and Clinical Research, and on PCOS (EGOI-PCOS).

Disseminated Histoplasmosis With Lung and Liver Involvement in an Immunocompetent Patient.

Histoplasmosis, caused by the fungus , is a significant public health concern in endemic regions like Mexico. Immunocompromised individuals, especially those with HIV infection and those exposed to nitrogen-rich environments, such as bird excrement or bat guano, are particularly vulnerable. This case report describes a middle-aged patient with jaundice in the skin and mucous membranes.

Multidisciplinary Approach of a Male Case of Imported Malaria, HIV Chronic Infection, and Latent Syphilis.

Background: The current economic and social crisis in Latin America has caused migration to the USA, bringing with it Public Health challenges due to the importation of various infectious diseases. Migrants, particularly those with chronic conditions, such as HIV infection and other sexually transmitted infections (STI), are at greater risk due to pharmacological interruption and access to medical care, so the timely detection of diseases acquired during their migration, such as malaria, is crucial to avoid health complications.

Objective: To outline by a multidisciplinary approach (Infectology, Parasitology, Epidemiology, molecular Biology, Venereology, and Public Health) the diagnosis and management of a male case with malaria imported to Mexican territory, HIV chronic infection, and latent syphilis.

[Restructuring of the COVID-19 Vaccine Safety Committee 2020-2023 in MexicoReestruturação do Comitê para Segurança das Vacinas contra a COVID-19, 2020-2023, México].

Objective: To describe the process of restructuring the National Expert Committee and its impact on the causality assessment of events supposedly attributable to vaccination or immunization (ESAVI) in the context of vaccine safety monitoring during the COVID-19 pandemic, 2020-2023.

Method: A report was prepared on the experience of creating and operating Mexico's National Expert Committee during the aforementioned period.

Results: During the 2020-2023 period, 1293 severe ESAVIs were reported after COVID-19 vaccination; after 98.

Global stability for a mosquito-borne disease model with continuous-time age structure in the susceptible and relapsed host classes.

Mosquito-borne infectious diseases represent a significant public health issue. Age has been identified as a key risk factor for these diseases, and another phenomenon reported is relapse, which involves the reappearance of symptoms after a symptom-free period. Recent research indicates that susceptibility to and relapse of mosquito-borne diseases are frequently age-dependent.

The Fimbrin TvFim1, an immunogenic protein involved in male trichomoniasis.

An active immunoproteome of Trichomonas vaginalis was obtained by 2D-Western blotting (2D-WB). Subsequent proteoform identification by mass spectrometry (MS) showed differential expression and specific immunoreactions of multiple proteins mediated by the presence of Zn. A total of 25 proteoforms were immunologically reactive, generally under Zn conditions, and MS analysis revealed that the fimbrin (plastin) of T.

Seasonal Characterization of the Aerobiome in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Rooms: Potential Risk for Immunosuppressed Patients.

Infections pose a risk for patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplants due to their immunosuppression, making them susceptible to opportunistic infections. Therefore, understanding the composition of the aerobiome in this area is vital. The aim of this study was to characterize the aerobiome in an HSC transplant area, evaluating the impact of infrastructure and health personnel operations on air contamination.

Overall manifestations and survival of pediatric patients with Langerhans cell histiocytosis. A middle-income country (mic) national multicenter study.

Background: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare neoplastic disease characterized by clonal proliferation of den-dritic cells. It is Mexico's ninth most frequent malignancy in patients under 18 years of age. The aim of the study was to determine the clinical characteristics, treatment, and survival of Mexican pediatric patients diagnosed with LCH treated from January 2010 to December 2018.

Epidemiology of reinfections by SARS-CoV-2 variants during the third and fourth waves of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a global health concern and has persisted through the emergence of variants that have caused subsequent waves of COVID-19 due to the high dispersion and contagiousness of the virus. The aim of this work was to analyze the epidemiology of the cases of reinfection by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants during the third and fourth wave of the COVID-19 pandemic at the Hospital Juárez de México (HJM).

Methodology: A prospective study of the cases of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection, variants detected, symptoms, and associated comorbidities was carried out on 1,347 patients who attended the HJM from September 2021 to July 2022.

Effectiveness and tolerance of enteral nutrition in critically ill patients with COVID-19.

This study compared the efficacy and tolerability of three enteral formulas in critically ill patients with COVID-19 who were ventilated and in the prone position: (a) immunomodulatory (IMM), (b) ω3 and (c) maltodextrins (MD). Primary outcome was the percentage of patients who received both 80 % of their protein and calorie targets at 3 d after enrolment. Secondary, mechanical ventilation-free time, ICU mortality and markers of nutritional status.

The use of induced pluripotent stem cells as a platform for the study of depression.

The neurobiological mechanisms underlying major depressive disorder (MDD) remain largely unexplored due to the limited availability of study models in humans. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have overcome multiple limitations of retrospective clinical studies, contributing to a more detailed understanding of the molecular pathways that presumably contribute to the manifestation of depression. Despite the significant progress made by these study models, there are still more formidable challenges that will eventually be addressed by these platforms, as further studies may eventually emerge.

Development and Implementation of a Geriatric Oncology Interdisciplinary Case-Based Educational Intervention for Cancer Care Providers.

Purpose: To develop and implement a continuing professional development (CPD) activity focused on geriatric assessment (GA) in oncology for oncologists and geriatricians. We evaluated the impact of this activity on knowledge, skills, and performance regarding GA in oncology, as well as its feasibility and acceptability.

Methods: We included teams composed of an oncologist and a geriatrician working in Mexico.

RAD51 recombinase and its paralogs: Orchestrating homologous recombination and unforeseen functions in protozoan parasites.

The DNA of protozoan parasites is highly susceptible to damage, either induced by environmental agents or spontaneously generated during cellular metabolism through reactive oxygen species (ROS). Certain phases of the cell cycle, such as meiotic recombination, and external factors like ionizing radiation (IR), ultraviolet light (UV), or chemical genotoxic agents further increase this susceptibility. Among the various types of DNA damage, double-stranded breaks (DSBs) are the most critical, as they are challenging to repair and can result in genetic instability or cell death.

Microvascular decompression for primary trigeminal neuralgia with the 3/4 circumferential expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) sleeve technique.

Background: Microvascular decompression (MVD) using Teflon or Ivalon is the surgeon's preference for treating trigeminal neuralgia (Tn). Still, sometimes the prosthetic material is unavailable, or there is some recurrence of pain during the follow-up. In this case series, we report the outcome analysis for MVD using the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) sleeve technique in classic Tn.

The Kynurenine Pathway, Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor, and Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia, mainly affecting elderly individuals. AD is characterized by β-amyloid plaques, abnormal tau tangles, neuronal loss, and metabolic disruptions. Recent studies have revealed the involvement of the kynurenine (KP) pathway and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in AD development.

The Circulating miR-107 as a Potential Biomarker Up-Regulated in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a prevalent malignancy in men globally. Current diagnostic methods like PSA testing have limitations, leading to overdiagnosis and unnecessary treatment. Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) emerges in some patients receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT).

A landscape of liver cirrhosis and transplantation in Mexico: Changing leading causes and transplant as response.

Liver cirrhosis causes include alcoholism, viral infections (hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV)), alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), and metabolic dysfunction associated with steatotic liver disease (MASLD), among others. Cirrhosis frequency has increased in recent years, with a prevalence of 1395 cases per 100,000 and a mortality rate of 18 per 100,000, which corresponded to 1,472,000 deaths during 2017. In Mexico, liver disease is a public health problem since it was associated to 41,890 deaths in 2022, including liver cirrhosis (>25,000) and ALD (14,927).

IRF5 Variants Are Risk Factors for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Two Mexican Populations.

Introduction: Interferon regulatory factor 5 ( IRF5 ) is one of the pivotal genes implicated in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) among diverse ethnic groups, including Europeans, Asians, Hispanics, and Africans. Notably, its significance appears particularly pronounced among Hispanic populations. Previous studies have identified several single-nucleotide variants within IRF5 , such as rs2004640G/T, rs2070197T/C, and rs10954213G/A, as associated with susceptibility to SLE among patients from Mexico City.